Abstract: A radionuclide production system is a system for producing a radionuclide by irradiating a liquid containing a raw material nuclide with bremsstrahlung radiation, the radionuclide production system including: a circulation path configured to allow a liquid containing a raw material nuclide to circulate; and a radiation generation unit configured to generate bremsstrahlung radiation to irradiate the liquid. A metal member containing a pure metal of a platinum group or an alloy of the platinum group is provided at an upper portion in the circulation path. In a radionuclide production method, the raw material nuclide contained in the liquid is transformed to the radionuclide by irradiating the liquid with the bremsstrahlung radiation while circulating the liquid containing the raw material nuclide in the circulation path, and oxygen and hydrogen generated due to radiolysis of the liquid are removed by a recombination reaction with a metal member formed of the pure metal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and assays for quantifying brain-derived exosomes in biological samples from subjects before, during, and after surgery. The disclosure also provides methods and compositions for measuring and/or prognosing brain damage during surgery. The compositions and methods of the disclosure are also useful for preventing and/or treating brain damage in subjects undergoing surgery and predicting postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and/or predicting postoperative delirium (POD).

Abstract: A memory system according to an embodiment includes a memory system includes a nonvolatile memory and a memory controller. The nonvolatile memory includes blocks. The memory controller includes first and second tables, and first and second storage areas. The first table is managed in units of map segments. The second table includes first entries associated with a plurality of map segments included in the first table. The first storage area is configured to store a change history of the first table. The second storage area is configured to store a physical address of a block that is a storage destination of a copy of a changed map segment and a change history of the second table.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapy for treating neuropathic pain by subpial administration of small quantities of a composition for spinal segment-specific upregulation of GAD65 (glutamatedecarboxylase) gene and VGAT (vesicular GABA transporter) gene, which is effective for induction of nociceptive effects by potentiating release of vesicular GABA from infected dorsal horn neurons into the synaptic cleft.

Abstract: Provided is a radiation monitor and the like capable of appropriately measuring radiation. A radiation monitor (100) includes: radiation detection units (11, 12); optical fibers (13p, 13q) that transmit light generated by a plurality of radiation detection elements (11a, 12a) to merge; a light detection unit (14) that converts the light after merging guided to the light detection unit into an electric pulse; a measurement device (15) that calculates a dose rate of radiation based on a count rate of the electric pulses; and an analysis/display device (16). Housings (11b, 12b) include a housing (11b) made of a first material and another housing (12b) made of a second material.

Abstract: A radiation monitor includes a radiation detection unit detecting radiation, and an optical fiber transmitting photons emitted from a light emitting element of the radiation detection unit, wherein the radiation detection unit includes a first light emitting element generating a photon in response to incident radiation, a chemical compound part having chemical compounds which generate charged particles by nuclear reactions with incident neutrons, and a second light emitting element being located between the first light emitting element and the chemical compound part and generating a photon in response to radiation.

Abstract: A radiation monitoring device 1 includes a scintillator portion 10 which emits light whose intensity depends on a dose of incident radiation, an optical fiber 20 which transmits photons generated in the scintillator portion 10, a photoelectric converter 30 which converts photons transmitted by the optical fiber 20 to electric signals, a signal counter 40 which counts each of electric signals after being converted by the photoelectric converter 30 with a certain dead time adjusted relative to time width of an irradiation pulse of radiation, a dose calculation unit 50 which calculates a dose from a signal count value counted by the signal counter 40, and a display unit 60 which displays a result of measurement calculated by the dose calculation unit 50.

Abstract: A radiation monitoring device realizes a high measurement function. Therefore, a radiation monitoring device includes: a radiation detection unit including a phosphor that emits light by incident radiation; a photodetector that converts a single photon or a photon group having a plurality of the single photons generated by the radiation detection unit into an electric pulse signal; and an analysis unit that analyzes the electric pulse signal. The phosphor emits light based on a plurality of light emission phenomena having different decay time constants. The analysis unit includes: a signal discrimination circuit that discriminates the electric pulse signal output from the photodetector; a dose rate calculation circuit that calculates a dose rate of the radiation based on a count rate of the discriminated electric pulse signal; and an application energy calculation circuit that calculates application energy of the radiation based on a peak value of the discriminated electric pulse signal.

Abstract: A radionuclide production method and system makes it possible to separate a target radionuclide generated by irradiation with a radioactive ray, and to reduce the generation of a radioactive waste along with the separation. The radionuclide production method includes irradiating, with a radioactive ray, a target material in which a starting material nuclide is present, to generate a radionuclide; and eluting the radionuclide into a liquid by bringing the target material into contact with the liquid. The radionuclide production system includes a target material having a starting material nuclide; an irradiation unit for the target material that generates a radionuclide; and an elution unit that elutes the radionuclide into a liquid by bringing the target material into contact with the liquid. For both the radionuclide production method and system, the target material is a porous body or a granular material through which the liquid is passable.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to efficiently produce a radionuclide. While a fluid containing a raw material is circulated along a circulation passage, a first radionuclide is generated in the fluid from the raw material by irradiating the fluid with radiation rays midway along the circulation passage. Further, while the fluid is circulated along the circulation passage, a substance containing at least a part of the first radionuclide and a second radionuclide generated from the first radionuclide is taken out from the fluid, and the fluid containing the remaining raw material is returned to the circulation passage again for circulation.

Abstract: A radiation monitor includes a radiation detection unit detecting radiation, and an optical fiber transmitting photons emitted from a light emitting element of the radiation detection unit, wherein the radiation detection unit includes a first light emitting element generating a photon in response to incident radiation, a chemical compound part having chemical compounds which generate charged particles by nuclear reactions with incident neutrons, and a second light emitting element being located between the first light emitting element and the chemical compound part and generating a photon in response to radiation.

Abstract: A screw compressor includes a screw rotor, a casing, and a fluid supply portion to supply fluid in a membrane form into a compression chamber in the casing. The screw rotor has a male and female rotors. A male bore covering the male rotor and a female bore covering the female rotor are formed on the inner surface of the casing. An intersection line, on a higher pressure side, of the male and female bores is defined as a compression cusp. In a bore development view, a trajectory made by the first intersection of an extension line of a female lobe ridge and a male lobe ridge being moved, along with the rotation of the male and female rotors, is defined as a trajectory line. An opening of the fluid supply section to the compression chamber is positioned between the compression cusp and the trajectory line.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapy for treating neuropathic pain by subpial administration of small quantities of a composition for spinal segment-specific upregulation of GAD65 (glutamatedecarboxylase) gene and VGAT (vesicular GABA transporter) gene, which is effective for induction of nociceptive effects by potentiating release of vesicular GABA from infected dorsal horn neurons into the synaptic cleft.

Abstract: The present invention includes: a radiation detecting unit including a fluorescent body expressed by the formula ATaO4: B, C (in the formula, A is selected from at least one kind of element from among rare-earth elements involving 4f-4f transitions, B is selected from at least one kind of element, different from A, from among rare-earth elements involving 4f-4f transitions, and C is selected from at least one kind of element from among rare-earth elements involving 5d-4f transitions); an optical fiber that transmits photons generated by the fluorescent body; a light detector that converts the photons transmitted via the optical fiber 3 one by one into electrical pulse signals; a counter that counts the number of electrical pulse signals converted by the light detector; an analysis and display device 6 that obtains a radiation dose rate on the basis of the number of electrical pulse signals counted by the counter.

Abstract: A screw compressor includes a screw rotor, a casing, and a fluid supply portion to supply fluid in a membrane form into a compression chamber in the casing. The screw rotor has a male and female rotors. A male bore covering the male rotor and a female bore covering the female rotor are formed on the inner surface of the casing. An intersection line, on a higher pressure side, of the male and female bores is defined as a compression cusp. In a bore development view, a trajectory made by the first intersection of an extension line of a female lobe ridge and a male lobe ridge being moved, along with the rotation of the male and female rotors, is defined as a trajectory line. An opening of the fluid supply section to the compression chamber is positioned between the compression cusp and the trajectory line.

Abstract: A radiation monitor 1 includes a light-emitting unit 10 which generates light having an intensity depending on an amount of an incident radiation, an optical fiber 20 which sends a photon generated by the light-emitting unit 10, a photoelectric converter 30 which transmits one electric pulse to one sent photon, a dose calculation device 40 which counts the electric pulse amplified by the photoelectric converter 30 and converts the counted value of the measured electric pulses into a dose of the radiation, and a display device 50. The dose calculation device 40 counts the electric signals converted from the photon by the photoelectric converter 30 to calculate a counting rate, and stops the counting when the counting rate exceeds a predetermined threshold, and performs counting when the counting rate is less than the threshold.

Abstract: A radiation monitor according to the present invention includes: a radiation sensing unit which includes phosphors emitting a photon with respect to an incident radiation; and a photon sending unit which sends the photon emitted from the phosphors of the radiation sensing unit, wherein the phosphors form a multilayer structure including a first phosphor and a second phosphor, and a photon absorbing layer absorbing a photon emitted from a phosphor is provided between the first phosphor and the second phosphor.

Abstract: Provided is a radiation monitor, including: a radiation detection unit which includes a radiation detection element, the radiation detection element emitting light of a predetermined light emission wavelength; a light emission unit which emits light of a wavelength different from the light emission wavelength; a wavelength selection unit which passes the light of the light emission wavelength, and is set to a first mode to block the light from the light emission unit; an optical transmission line which transmits the light; a light detection unit which converts the light passing through the wavelength selection unit into an electric pulse; and a control unit which measures a count rate of the electric pulse, and determines whether at least the light emission unit is degraded on the basis of the count rate and a light intensity of the light emission unit.

Abstract: Provided is a radiation monitor and the like capable of appropriately measuring radiation. A radiation monitor (100) includes: radiation detection units (11, 12); optical fibers (13p, 13q) that transmit light generated by a plurality of radiation detection elements (11a, 12a) to merge; a light detection unit (14) that converts the light after merging guided to the light detection unit into an electric pulse; a measurement device (15) that calculates a dose rate of radiation based on a count rate of the electric pulses; and an analysis/display device (16). Housings (11b, 12b) include a housing (11b) made of a first material and another housing (12b) made of a second material.

Abstract: A radiation therapy apparatus capable of improving the accuracy of a dose distribution includes an X-ray generation device that is provided at an arm portion of a rotation gantry, a radiation detector that is insertable into the body of a patient, a dose calculation device, and a feedback control device. An X-ray generated due to collision of an electron beam with a target in the X-ray generation device is applied to an affected part (cancer) of a patient on a bed. The radiation detector which is insertable into the body detects the X-ray applied to the affected part so as to output a photon to obtain a dose rate and a dose based thereon. The feedback control device either controls the X-ray generation device such that the obtained dose becomes a set dose or controls the radiation generation device such that the obtained dose rate becomes a set dose rate.