Abstract: An envelope processing apparatus for enclosing an enclosure in an envelope includes an envelope conveyance path, an enclosure supplier, an envelope supplier, a flap opener, and an envelope stacker. The envelope conveyance path extends in a substantially vertical direction to convey the envelope. The enclosure supplier supplies the enclosure to the envelope via the envelope conveyance path. The envelope supplier supplies the envelope to the envelope conveyance path, The flap opener opens a flap portion of the envelope between the envelope supplier and the envelope conveyance path. The envelope stacker stacks the envelope ejected from the envelope conveyance path.

Abstract: An envelope processing apparatus that inserts an enclosure into an envelope includes an envelope conveyor, a flap opener, an enclosure pusher, and circuitry. The envelope conveyor extends in a vertical direction and conveys the envelope to an enclosing position via an envelope conveyance passage as a passage in which the envelope is conveyed. The flap opener opens a flap of the envelope. The enclosure pusher pushes the enclosure toward an opening of a body of the envelope conveyed to the enclosing position with the flap open. The circuitry changes a pushing amount of the enclosure into the envelope and adjusts the pushing amount based on the opening of the body of the envelope within a specified range from an inside to an outside of the body of the envelope.

Abstract: An envelope processing apparatus conveys an envelope to an enclosing position and encloses an enclosure on which specific information is formed at a formation position. The enclosing device includes: an envelope conveyor to convey the enclosure to the enclosing position to insert the enclosure into the envelope; a sensor to acquire, as an image, a structure of the envelope during conveyance, and acquire transparent-portion information indicating a position of a transparent portion in the envelope; an envelope holder to hold the envelope in a state in which the enclosure is insertable; and control circuitry to output position adjustment information for adjusting a position of the envelope in a width direction of the envelope at the enclosing position or a position of the specific information in a conveyance direction of the envelope, based on relative positions between the formation position of the specific information and the position of the transparent portion.

Abstract: An enclosing-sealing apparatus includes a flap opener that opens a flap of an envelope while the envelope is conveyed to an enclosing position. A first envelope detector is disposed upstream from the flap opener in an envelope conveyance direction and detects both ends of the envelope in the envelope conveyance direction. A second envelope detector is disposed downstream from the flap opener in the envelope conveyance direction and detects both ends of the envelope in the envelope conveyance direction in an open state in which the flap opens. A controller determines the open state of the flap based on a first detection result sent from the first envelope detector and a second detection result sent from the second envelope detector. The controller performs troubleshooting for enclosing the enclosure into the envelope if the controller determines that the open state of the flap is faulty.

Abstract: A process for preparing a stabilized diene copolymer which is modified by reaction with an imine-group containing hydrocarbyloxy silane and subsequently stabilized with a hydrocarbyl hydrocarbyloxy silane.

Abstract: Provided are: a rubber additive that enables to provide a rubber composition having excellent low heat generation properties and manufacturing operability; a rubber composition including the rubber additive; and a pneumatic tire including the rubber composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition prepared by mixing, per 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising at least 50% by mass of a diene-based rubber, from 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler, and from 0.05 to 30 parts by mass of a compound A which has a specific guanidine structure and has a functional group reactive with the diene-based rubber. The rubber composition improves both a high elastic modulus and a low tan ?. The invention also provides a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition prepared by mixing, per 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising at least 50% by mass of a diene-based rubber, from 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler, and from 0.05 to 30 parts by mass of a compound A which has a specific guanidine structure and has a functional group reactive with the diene-based rubber. The rubber composition improves both a high elastic modulus and a low tan ?. The invention also provides a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition prepared by mixing, per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component comprising at least 50% by mass of a diene-based rubber, from 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler, and from 0.05 to 30 parts by mass of a compound A which has a specific amidine structure and has a functional group reactive with the diene-based rubber. The rubber composition improves both a high elastic modulus and a low tan ?. The invention also provides a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition prepared by mixing, per 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising at least 50% by mass of a diene-based rubber, from 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler, and from 0.05 to 30 parts by mass of a compound A which has a specific guanidine structure and has a functional group reactive with the diene-based rubber. The rubber composition improves both a high elastic modulus and a low tan ?. The invention also provides a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition prepared by mixing, per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component comprising at least 50% by mass of a diene-based rubber, from 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler, and from 0.05 to 30 parts by mass of a compound A which has a specific amidine structure and has a functional group reactive with the diene-based rubber. The rubber composition improves both a high elastic modulus and a low tan ?. The invention also provides a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition.

Abstract: A vacuum booster is configured so that at least when an input rod is released, a front surface of a flexible portion of a valve element communicates with a first port which communicates with a vacuum chamber. A valve element holder is formed of a single member made of a sheet of steel which includes a rim portion, an annular arm portion, and a crimp holding portion. The rim portion is fitted to an inner circumferential surface of a valve cylinder via a seal member. The annular arm portion extends inwards in a radial direction from a front end of the rim portion. The crimp holding portion extends from an inner circumferential end of the arm portion to form a bag-like shape and to narrow a front opening portion thereof. The crimp holding portion crimp holds a mounting bead portion of the valve element from rear thereof.

Abstract: A vacuum booster is configured so that at least when an input rod is released, a front surface of a flexible portion of a valve element communicates with a first port which communicates with a vacuum chamber. A valve element holder is formed of a single member made of a sheet of steel which includes a rim portion, an annular arm portion, and a crimp holding portion. The rim portion is fitted to an inner circumferential surface of a valve cylinder via a seal member. The annular arm portion extends inwards in a radial direction from a front end of the rim portion. The crimp holding portion extends from an inner circumferential end of the arm portion to form a bag-like shape and to narrow a front opening portion thereof. The crimp holding portion crimp holds a mounting bead portion of the valve element from rear thereof.