Abstract: The cigarette filter wrapper paper has a paper layer which has a first surface and a second surface. The filter wrapper paper exhibits a first overlap air permeability, measured when a perforated tip paper is overlapped on the first surface, and a second overlap air permeability, measured when a perforated tip paper is overlapped on the second surface. The first overlap air permeability is higher than the second overlap air permeability.

Abstract: A cigarette has a tobacco section in which cut tobacco is wrapped with a cigarette wrapper, a filter section connected to one end of the tobacco section, and a tip paper integrally connecting the tobacco section to the filter section in a manner to cover the proximal end portion of the tobacco section and the filter section and provided with ventilation holes formed in a circumferential direction in positions apart from the smoking end of the filter section. The tobacco section has a rod length of 30 to 46 mm, and a cut tobacco filling density of 180 to 270 mg/cm3. The cigarette wrapper has a basis weight of 17 to 21 g/m2, a mixing ratio of a calcium carbonate filler of 16 to 25% by weight, and a calcium carbonate content of 3 g/m2 or more. The cigarette provides at least six puffs under a standard smoking condition.

Abstract: A cigarette with a dual-structure filter includes a dual-structure filter having a first filter element and a second filter element arranged downstream of the first filter element, a tobacco rod arranged upstream of the filter, and a tip paper covering a downstream end portion of the tobacco rod and a circumferential surface of the filter. At least one row of a plurality of holes are formed in the tip paper in a circumferential direction of the filter. An air-permeation resistance per unit length of the second filter element is at least twice that of the first filter element. An air inflow rate from the tip paper is at least 20%.

Abstract: Superelastic dental Au-Cu-Zn alloys characterizing that it is in a range defined by point A (63 wt % Au, 11 wt % Cu, 26 wt % Zn), Point B (55 wt % Au, 17 wt % Cu, 28 wt % Zn), Point C (55 wt % Au, 18 wt % Cu, 27 wt % Zn), Point D (63 wt % Au, 14 Wt % Cu, 23 wt % Zn), Point E (65 wt % Au, 12 wt % Cu, 23 wt % Zn) and Point F (65 wt % Au, 11 wt % Cu, 24 wt % Zn), in the Au-Cu-Zn ternary diagram of FIG. 1.