Abstract: A process for manufacturing a polymer composed of an alkyl substituted poly(2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-diyl) having a chemical formula which is at least one of: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are H or an alkyl group having not less than 1 carbon atom, except that at least one of R and R' is an alkyl group having not less than 3 carbons, `n` is a degree of polymerization and is not less than 10, the process including:providing at least one alkyl substituted 5,5'-dihalogenated-2,2'-bipyridine having alkyl substituents in the 3-, 4- or 6-position of two pyridinediyl groups; and polymerizing the at least one alkyl substituted 5,5'-dihalogeanted-2,2'-bipyridine by adding an effective amount thereto of at least one substance which is effective to remove halogens therefrom, which at least one substance is selected from the group consisting of (a) at least one metal which is capable of dehalogenating the alkyl substituted 5,5'-dihalogenated-2,2'-bipyridine and (b) at least one compound containing at least one metal which is cap

Abstract: An electroluminescent element includes an organic compound layer formed of a thiophene polymer as a light emitting layer or a hole injection transport layer. The element emits light at high luminance and is reliable.

Abstract: A process of producing a device which is one of a battery, an electrochromic device, an electronic device, an n-type conductor, or an electroluminescent device includes fabricating at least one constituent of the device from a polymer comprised of poly(alkylpyridine-2,5-diyl) having a chemical formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group having not less than 3 carbon atoms, and n is a degree of polymerization and is not less than 30. Preferably R is an alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and n is a degree of polymerization and is not less than 30. Most preferably R is an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of a hexyl group, a pentyl group, an octyl group, a decyl group, and a dodecyl group.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte which has excellent heat resistance and high mechanical strength is prepared by incorporating an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt into polyvinyl alcohol. The electrolyte can further contain a polar solvent and/or polyether to provide an elevated ionic-conductivity.

Abstract: A polymer including poly(alkylpyridine-2,5-diyl) which has a chemical formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group having not less than 3 carbon atoms, and n is a degree of polymerization and is not less than 30, and a process for manufacturing the polymer which includes the steps of (a) providing at least one 2,5-dihalogenated alkylpyridine which includes an alkyl group having not less than 3 carbon atoms; and (b) polymerizing the at least one 2,5-dihalogenated alkylpyridine by adding an effective amount thereto of substance which is effective to remove halogen atoms therefrom, which substance is selected from the group consisting of (a) a metal which is capable of dehalogenating 2,5-dihalogenated alkylpyridine and (b) a compound containing said metal which is capable of dehalogenating 2,5-dihalogenated alkylpyridine.

Abstract: A polymer, including alkyl substituted poly(2,2 '-bipyridine-5,5 '-diyl) having chemical formulae as follows: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are H or an alkyl group having not less than 1 carbon atom, except that at least one of R and R' is an alkyl group having not less than 3 carbons, `n` is a degree of polymerization and is not less than 10. The polymer may be used as a material for a device selected from the group consisting of a battery, an electrochromic device, an electronic device, a n-type conductor and an electroluminescence device, and may be used as polymer ligand to a metal element.

Abstract: An isoquinoline polymer having a degree of polymerization of at least 5 is produced from an (iso)quinoline dihalide by a reaction with a zero-valent nickel compound, or an electrolytic reduction in the presence of a nickel compound. Since it is excellent in heat-resistivity and soluble in organic solvents, this polymer can be shaped by a dry-process into fibers, films or the like. Its depolarization degree and electrochemical oxidation-reduction potential can be controlled according to its structure.

Abstract: A quaternary (iso)quinolinediyl polymer having a degree of polymerization of at least 5 is produced from an (iso)quinoline polymer by reacting with an alkyl halide and quaternizing the nitrogen atom in ring. Since it is soluble in water and organic solvents, this polymer can be shaped by a dry-process into fibers, films or the like, and had clear change of its color by chemical and electrochemical oxidation reduction.

Abstract: A sulfuric acid concentration sensor including a sensor body comprising a high molecular compound having a property to react with sulfuric acid and a property to change an electric conductivity in such a way as one-valued function with a change in sulfuric acid concentration, in which an electric current is flown through the sensor body impregnated in sulfuric acid solution to obtain the electric conductivity of sensor body so as to know the sulfuric acid concentration. Since the electric conductivity of high molecular compound changes corresponding to the sulfuric acid concentration, the sulfuric acid concentration can be known when the electric conductivity of the sensor body i.e. the high molecular compound is obtained, so that the concentration of sulfuric acid can be measured easily.

Abstract: An (iso)quinolinediyl polymer having a degree of polymerization of at least 5 is produced from an (iso)quinoline dihalide by a reaction with a zero-valent nickel compound, or an electrolytic reduction in the presence of a nickel compound. Since it is excellent in heat-resistivity and soluble in organic solvents, this polymer can be shaped by a dry-process into fibers, films or the like. Its depolarization degree and electrochemical oxidation-reduction potential can be controlled according to its structure.

Abstract: An iodine-containing conductive resin composition, said composition obtained by dispersing a carbon in a complex adduct of iodine and a polymer capable of forming a complex adduct with iodine and/or a mixture obtained by dispersing iodine in said polymer.

Abstract: A linear poly(3-alkyl-2,5-thienylene) polymer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a lower alkyl group and n is 20 to 100. The polymer can be used to provide a semiconductor. A method for making the polymer comprises reacting 3-alkyl-2,5-dihalogenated thiophene with magnesium in an inert solvent in the substantial absence of water, in the presence of a nickel compound as a catalyst in an inert atmosphere.