Abstract: A substance having a hole-transport property and a wide band gap is provided. A fluorene compound represented by a general formula (G1) is provided. In the general formula (G1), ?1 and ?2 separately represent a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms; Ar1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted 4-dibenzothiophenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted 4-dibenzofuranyl group; n and k separately represent 0 or 1; Q1 represents sulfur or oxygen; and R1 to R15 separately represent hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A substance having a hole-transport, property and a wide band gap is provided. A heterocyclic compound represented by a general formula (G1) is provided. In the formula, ?1 and ?2 separately represent a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms; n and k separately represent 0 or 1; Q1 and Q2 separately represent sulfur or oxygen; and R1 to R22 separately represent hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a new compound which is suitable for a material of an electron-transporting layer of a light-emitting element. In particular, it is an object to provide a compound which can be used for forming a light-emitting element capable of emitting light at a low drive voltage. An acenaphthopyridine derivative represented by the following general formula (G1) is provided. In the formula, Het represents a pyridyl group or a quinolyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite material for a light-emitting element including a high molecular compound having an arylamine skeleton and an inorganic compound showing an electron accepting property to the high molecular compound. The absorption spectrum of the composite material is different from absorption spectra of the high molecular compound and the inorganic compound which each form the composite material. In other words, a composite material having an absorption peak in a wavelength which is seen in the absorption spectra of neither the high molecular compound nor the inorganic compound forming the composite material is superior in carrier transporting and injecting properties and a favorable material. In addition, the composite material can be formed by a wet method such as a sol-gel method, it can be apply to the increase of substrate size easily in a manufacturing process and advantageous industrially.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite material for a light-emitting element including a high molecular compound having an arylamine skeleton and an inorganic compound showing an electron accepting property to the high molecular compound. The absorption spectrum of the composite material is different from absorption spectra of the high molecular compound and the inorganic compound which each form the composite material. In other words, a composite material having an absorption peak in a wavelength which is seen in the absorption spectra of neither the high molecular compound nor the inorganic compound forming the composite material is superior in carrier transporting and injecting properties and a favorable material. In addition, the composite material can be formed by a wet method such as a sol-gel method, it can be apply to the increase of substrate size easily in a manufacturing process and advantageous industrially.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a composite material with which a light emitting element can be manufactured to have superior heat resistance, and another is to have durability high enough to be driven stably for a long time. Another object is to provide a composite material with which a light emitting element can be manufactured to achieve both objects. Still another object is to provide a composite material with which a light emitting element can be manufactured to achieve the above objects and to have little increase in power consumption. One feature of a composite material of the invention which can achieve the above objects is to comprise an organic-inorganic hybrid material in which an organic group is covalently bonded to silicon in a skeleton composed of siloxane bonds, and a material which is capable of accepting or donating electrons from or to the organic group.

Abstract: A novel electroluminescent polymer is represented by the following formula. A film of the polymer represented by the following formula can be formed by electrolytic polymerization, and farther emits light in a different color by an electric field when a substituent thereof is changed. Therefore, a light-emitting device that is capable of multicolor displaying can be easily obtained.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a polymer that is soluble in an organic solvent with a low polarity and has a high hole injecting property without adding a dopant for enhancing a hole injecting property. For that object, the present invention provides a vinyl monomer represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula, X represents any one of an oxygen atom (O) and a sulfur atom (S). Y represents any one of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, aryl group, a silyl group having an alkyl group or an aryl group as a substituent.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a polymer that is soluble in an organic solvent with a low polarity and has a high hole injecting property without adding a dopant for enhancing a hole injecting property. For that object, the present invention provides a vinyl monomer represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula, X represents any one of an oxygen atom (O) and a sulfur atom (S). Y represents any one of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, aryl group, a silyl group having an alkyl group or an aryl group as a substituent.

Abstract: An acenaphthoquinoxaline derivative represented by a general formula (G1) is provided. The acenaphthoquinoxaline derivative represented by the general formula (G1) easily receives electrons and has an electron-transporting property. Therefore, the acenaphthoquinoxaline derivative can be suitably used for a light-emitting element.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a new compound which is suitable for a material of an electron-transporting layer of a light-emitting element. In particular, it is an object to provide a compound which can be used for forming a light-emitting element capable of emitting light at a low drive voltage. An acenaphthopyridine derivative represented by the following general formula (G1) is provided. In the formula, Het represents a pyridyl group or a quinolyl group.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a polymer that is soluble in an organic solvent with a low polarity and has a high hole injecting property without adding a dopant for enhancing a hole injecting property. For that object, the present invention provides a vinyl monomer represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula, X represents any one of an oxygen atom (O) and a sulfur atom (S). Y represents any one of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, aryl group, a silyl group having an alkyl group or an aryl group as a substituent.

Abstract: A layer included in an electroluminescent element is required to be thickened to optimize light extraction efficiency of the electroluminescent element and to prevent short-circuit between electrodes. However, in a conventional element material, desired light extraction efficiency cannot be accomplished since drive voltage rises or power consumption is increased as the element material is thickened. A composite is formed by mixing a conjugated molecule having low ionization potential and a substance having an electron-accepting property to the conjugated molecule. A composite layer included in an element is formed using the composite as an element material. The composite layer is arranged between a first electrode and a light emitting layer or between a second electrode and a light emitting layer. The composite layer has high conductivity; therefore, drive voltage does not rise even if a film thickness is increased.

Abstract: A novel electroluminescent polymer is represented by the following formula. A film of the polymer represented by the following formula can be formed by electrolytic polymerization, and farther emits light in a different color by an electric field when a substituent thereof is changed. Therefore, a light-emitting device that is capable of multicolor displaying can be easily obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite material for a light-emitting element including a high molecular compound having an arylamine skeleton and an inorganic compound showing an electron accepting property to the high molecular compound. The absorption spectrum of the composite material is different from absorption spectra of the high molecular compound and the inorganic compound which each form the composite material. In other words, a composite material having an absorption peak in a wavelength which is seen in the absorption spectra of neither the high molecular compound nor the inorganic compound forming the composite material is superior in carrier transporting and injecting properties and a favorable material. In addition, the composite material can be formed by a wet method such as a sol-gel method, it can be apply to the increase of substrate size easily in a manufacturing process and advantageous industrially.

Abstract: An EL element is provided in which a conjugate polymer that has a polythiophene derivative, a polyaniline derivative, a polypyrrole derivative or a polyfuran derivative as a fundamental skeleton and is soluble in an organic solvent is oxidized in its main chain with a dopant of an electron-accepting organic molecule that does not contain an acid component, and the doped conjugate polymer is used as a material to form a hole injecting layer. The polymer, being soluble in an organic solvent, can be formed in film even on a substrate high in the water repellency; that is, it can be easily formed in film on a TFT substrate and the like indispensable for an active matrix display device. Furthermore, since a dopant that does not contain an acid component is used, influence on an organic thin film and an electrode that are in contact with the hole injecting layer can be suppressed to the minimum level.

Abstract: There is provided an electroluminescent element using a material that is excellent in film forming properties and carrier transporting properties, emits a light in the solid state, and can be suitably used also as a host material. The electroluminescent element has an electroluminescence layer between a couple of electrodes, and a complex of a Group 4 metal of the periodic table, which is excellent in the film forming properties and the carrier transporting properties and capable of emitting a light in the solid state, is used in a part of the electroluminescence layer to form the electroluminescent element. The complex of a Group 4 metal of the periodic table has an emission wavelength on a longer wavelength side as compared with conventional host materials such as Alq3, and thereby may be combined with a red light emitting guest material to form a light emitting layer.

Abstract: An electroluminescent element which is superior in luminescence properties and lifetime can be provided by forming a thin film with high controllability according to the invention. An electroluminescent layer is formed over a first electrode by applying a current density of from 0.4 to 1.5 mA/cm2 for from 0.8 to 3.0 seconds to a first electrode of the electroluminescent element in accordance with the fact that an electrolytic polymerization film can be formed over the surface of the electrode uniformly by keeping a current density and time for applying the current to the electrode within a predetermined range during electrolytic polymerization especially when the electrolytic polymerization film is required to be a thin film.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a composite material with which a light emitting element can be manufactured to have superior heat resistance, and another is to have durability high enough to be driven stably for a long time. Another object is to provide a composite material with which a light emitting element can be manufactured to achieve both objects. Still another object is to provide a composite material with which a light emitting element can be manufactured to achieve the above objects and to have little increase in power consumption. One feature of a composite material of the invention which can achieve the above objects is to comprise an organic-inorganic hybrid material in which an organic group is covalently bonded to silicon in a skeleton composed of siloxane bonds, and a material which is capable of accepting or donating electrons from or to the organic group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite material having high conductivity, a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device using the composite material. Further, the present invention provides a manufacturing method of a light-emitting element which is suitable for mass production. A light-emitting element of the present invention includes a layer including a luminescent substance between a pair of electrodes. The layer including a luminescent substance has a composite material which includes an organic compound, and an inorganic compound showing an electron donating property to the organic compound. Since the light-emitting element of the present invention includes a composite material made by combining an organic compound and an inorganic compound, the carrier injecting property, carrier transporting property, and conductivity thereof are excellent, and thus, the driving voltage can be reduced.