Abstract: The invention relates to a plastic film with an interference multilayer system applied thereon that comprises at least two layers. Said layers can be obtained by hardening and/or applying thermal treatment to a coating composition containing nanoscale inorganic solid particles having polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups, thereby forming a layer that is crosslinked by means of the polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups. The films can be used as an optical laminating film.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alternative composite mask that is substantially composed of a transparent support film coated with a transparent polymer matrix that contains light-absorbing pigment particles or metal particles having an average particle size d50 ranging between 0.5 and 10 ?m.

Abstract: The invention relates to solid or gel-type nanocomposite material which can be polymerised, containing a) 4.9 95.9 wt. % of a soluble polymer; b) 4-95 wt. % of a partially or totally condensed silane selected from the group of epoxyalkoxysilanes, alkoxysilanes and alkylalkoxysilanes, the silane having an inorganic condensation degree of between 33-100% and an organic conversion degree of between 0-95%; c) 0-60 wt. % of an acrylate; d) 0.1-50 wt. % of surface modified nanometric particles selected from the group of oxides, sulphides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides, carbides, arsenides, antimonides, nitrides, phosphides, carbonates, carboxylates, phosphates, sulphates, silicates, titanates, zirconates, aluminates, stannates, plumbates and a mixed oxides; e) 0-50 wt.-% of a plasticizer; f) 0-5 wt.

Abstract: A surface light source comprising a light emitting part (11) consisting of a single spot light source, and a light guide plate (12), wherein a reflection plane (13) is provided on the back side of the light guide plate and a prism pattern (15) is also provided. A directional light diffusion film (14) consisting of at least two light scattering/transmitting phases having different refractive indexes, where one phase having a larger refractive index includes a large number of regions having a columnar structure extending in the thickness direction of the film and the columnar structure is inclining against the normal direction of the film at an angle of 5-60°, is arranged on the light exit surface side of the light guide plate (12) such that the scattering direction of the directional light diffusion film becomes the direction of uneven luminance.

Abstract: An optical film composed by laminating a light scattering film 1 scattering and transmitting light and comprising at least two phases or more different in refractive index and a reflective polarizer 2 selectively P/S converting the light. It is preferred that at least one phase of the light scattering film larger in the refractive index has a columnar structure extending in the thickness direction of the film and the transmittance of the film in the normal direction is 4% or more. The optical film is excellent in visibility, is small in light loss in order to provide an excellently visible and bright image, and has an excellent light collecting property when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like.

Abstract: A surface light source device comprises a light emitting section (11) made of a single spot light source, a light guide plate (12), a reflective surface (13) provided on the back side of the light guide plate, and a prism pattern (15). On the light emitting surface side of the light guide plate (12), there is provided a directional light scattering film (14) consisting of at least two phases having different refractive indexes and scattering light when transmitting it. One phase of a larger refractive index includes a plenty of areas having a columnar structure extending in the thickness direction of a film and arranged to be perpendicular to a normal to the film, and exhibiting a maximum scattering angle of 10-40°.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plastic film with an interference multilayer system applied thereon that comprises at least two layers. Said layers can be obtained by hardening and/or applying thermal treatment to a coating composition containing nanoscale inorganic solid particles having polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups, thereby forming a layer that is crosslinked by means of the polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups. The films can be used as optical laminating film.

Abstract: The invention relates to solid or gel-type nanocomposite material which can be polymerised, containing a) 4.9 95.9 wt. % of a soluble polymer; b) 4-95 wt. % of a partially or totally condensed silane selected from the group of epoxyalkoxysilanes, alkoxysilanes and alkylalkoxysilanes, the silane having an inorganic condensation degree of between 33-100% and an organic conversion degree of between 0-95%; c) 0-60 wt. % of an acrylate; d) 0.1-50 wt. % of surface modified nanometric particles selected from the group of oxides, sulphides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides, carbides, arsenides, antimonides, nitrides, phosphides, carbonates, carboxylates, phosphates, sulphates, silicates, titanates, zirconates, aluminates, stannates, plumbates and a mixed oxides; e) 0-50 wt.-% of a plasticiser, f) 0-5 wt.

Abstract: An optical film 10 has columnar structures which is composed of at least two phases 11, 12 different in refractive index, and in which one phase 12 of larger refractive index extends in the thickness direction of the film, being characterized in that the columnar structures are inclined at an angle of 25 degrees or more to less than 90 degrees to the normal direction of the film. This optical film has a characteristic of elevating in the straight light transmissivity as the incident angle of the light increases in the negative direction from the vertical direction L1 to L2 and L3, and on the other hand, lowering in the straight light transmissivity when the incident angle changes from L1 to L4 direction. Therefore, when the optical film is used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, it is possible to display an image excellent in visibility and luminance when observed in the front direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alternative composite mask that is substantially composed of a transparent support film coated with a transparent polymer matrix that contains light-absorbing pigment particles or metal particles having an average particle size d50 ranging between 0.5 and 10 ?m.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising at least one polymer having carboxyl group, a polyfunctional epoxide-group-containing compound having at least one benzene or 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring containing at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur or cyclohexyl group or combinations thereof, and two or more epoxy groups, a reaction accelerator, and a solvent. This coating composition is excellent in storage stability, and can provide an excellent protective film.

Abstract: An optical film composed by laminating a light scattering film 1 scattering and transmitting light and comprising at least two phases or more different in refractive index and a reflective polarizer 2 selectively P/S converting the light. It is preferred that at least one phase of the light scattering film larger in the refractive index has a columnar structure extending in the thickness direction of the film and the transmittance of the film in the normal direction is 4% or more. The optical film is excellent in visibility, is small in light loss in order to provide an excellently visible and bright image, and has an excellent light collecting property when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a coating composition capable of forming a protective film excellent in adhesion properties. Such a coating composition comprises a specific polymer containing carboxyl group, a specific multifunctional epoxide-containing compound having two or more epoxy groups, an organic solvent, and an amino-containing silane coupling agent represented by the following general formula (I): H2N—R1—Si—(OR2)3  (I) wherein, R1 is an unsubstituted alkylene group, and R2's are independently an unsubstituted alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a coating composition capable of forming a protective film excellent in adhesion properties.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition comprising (a) a photosensitizer having in its structure 1,2-diazidonaphthoquinone structure, and a methylene-bridged structure composed of two or more methyl-substituted phenol derivatives, (b) a polymer having both hydroxyl group and carboxyl group, or a combination of a polymer having hydroxyl group and one having carboxyl group, (c) a crosslinking agent capable of crosslinking hydroxyl group and carboxyl group, and (d) a solvent. This composition can form highly transparent films, and, in addition, patterns having high contrast can be obtained when this composition is used as a photoresist.

Abstract: A liquid alignment layer characterized by comprising two or more types of polymers wherein a difference between the maximum SP value and the minimum SP value in said polymers being at least 1, and a liquid crystal display device provided with this liquid crystal alignment layer.

Abstract: An alignment layer for liquid crystals is disclosed. The liquid crystal alignment layer of the present invention is excellent in adhesion to the glass substrate, has a high liquid crystal alignment angle (pretilt angle) and generates a high pretilt angle with less dependence on the type of rubbing treatment methods and processing conditions such as heating temperature.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture containing two or more components, at least one of which is a complex ligand for ions, in particular for cations, is particularly suitable for use in ferroelectric liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an alignment layer material for forming a liquid crystal alignment layer having an excellent adhesion to a glass substrate, having less dependency of display characteristics on the viewing angle with a high contrast.(Constitution)A composition used for an alignment layer material comprising a mixture of a polymer (A) which is a block copolymer containing a siloxane compound as a constituting component, and a homopolymer or copolymer (B) having the following repeating unit (1): ##STR1## is disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device utilizing a ferroelectric liquid crystal, e.g., a chiral smectic liquid crystal aligned to establish two bi-stable display states. The display device is driven in a time-sharing mode. The change of the bi-stable display states is effected by applying a selected voltage to the changed ferro-electric liquid crystal. Thereafter the display state is held by applying an A.C. pulse voltage.