Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a trim for vehicles capable of reducing the number of parts and thereby reducing the cost when a plurality of shock absorbing portions are required to have different hardnesses from each other. The trim for vehicles according to the present invention is a door trim 20 including a lower board 21, and a pull handle 40 mounted on the lower board 21, further including a plurality of shock absorbing portions with different hardnesses capable of absorbing shock energy, wherein an extension portion 50 of the plurality of shock absorbing portions is formed integrally with the pull handle 40, and the extension portion 50 has a shape extending downward from the pull handle 40.

Abstract: A brake lining for a railroad car has a frictional surface on a brake disc that is pressed by a brake caliper. Friction bodies are pressed against the frictional surface of the brake disc and a back plate is mounted to the caliper to support the friction bodies. Each of the friction bodies is formed with a friction material which contacts the brake disc frictional surface, and has a base plate attached on the back plate side of the friction material. The base plate has a protrusion formed on its back side. On the friction body side of the back plate there is formed a groove which contacts the protrusion formed on the base plate. A disc spring or a spherical-seated structure is disposed between the base plate of each friction body and the back plate. Friction bodies are prevented from rotating at their attached places, without adding new components.

Abstract: A brake lining for a railroad car brake includes friction members which are pressed onto the sliding surface of a brake disc, and a back plate which is attached to a brake caliper in order to support the friction members. The friction members are dividedly arranged in a radial direction and in a circumferential direction of the brake disc. A disc spring is disposed between each respective friction member and the back plate. An outer peripheral surface of the friction members facing the back plate is formed in a convex curved shape in an area outside the elastic member. When a light pressing force is applied, a pressing force is transmitted from the back plate to the friction members via the disc springs. When a heavy pressing force is applied, the back plate and a rounded surface portion make contact, thereby directly transmitting a pressing force to the friction members.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided with: a step of preparing a semiconductor wafer (22) in a state where the circumference of the semiconductor wafer, which has been divided into semiconductor device parts, is adhered on a dicing sheet (21) supported by a wafer ring (23); a step of fixing the wafer ring (23) after transferring the wafer ring to a table (14) where laser printing is to be performed; and a step of marking on the main surface where the semiconductor material of the semiconductor device parts which configure the semiconductor wafer (22) is exposed, by radiating laser beams through the dicing sheet and an adhesive layer.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a trim for vehicles capable of reducing the number of parts and thereby reducing the cost when a plurality of shock absorbing portions are required to have different hardnesses from each other. The trim for vehicles according to the present invention is a door trim 20 including a lower board 21, and a pull handle 40 mounted on the lower board 21, further including a plurality of shock absorbing portions with different hardnesses capable of absorbing shock energy, wherein an extension portion 50 of the plurality of shock absorbing portions is formed integrally with the pull handle 40, and the extension portion 50 has a shape extending downward from the pull handle 40.

Abstract: A brake disc for a railway vehicle, including a ring-shaped plate portion with a front side serving as a frictional surface and a plurality of fins being projected and disposed radially on the back side of the plate portion, the plate portion being fixed to a wheel, wherein a rib is provided between fins adjacent to each other, and a slit developing in the direction from a wheel-side face of the rib toward the back side of the plate portion is disposed in a circumferentially intermediate portion of the rib, thereby making it possible to suppress the deformation caused by frictional heat.

Abstract: A railway car wheel comprises a rim having a flange and a tread portion. The tread portion contains 0.35-0.55% C and has a Vickers hardness of at least 360 and comprises a bainite structure, a tempered martensite structure, or a mixture of both.

Abstract: A railway car wheel comprises a rim having a flange and a tread portion. The tread portion contains 0.35-0.55% C and has a Vickers hardness of at least 360 and comprises a bainite structure, a tempered martensite structure, or a mixture of both.

Abstract: A semiconductor device of the present invention has a semiconductor element mounted on a surface of a support substrate, a case member for covering the surface of the support substrate to seal the semiconductor element, fine metal wires as connecting region for electrically connecting the semiconductor element and external terminals extending outside, and a frame member as a fixing component for mechanically fixing the semiconductor element to the support substrate by coming into contact with side surfaces of the semiconductor element.