Abstract: An analog switch used in a switched capacitor filter has N-channel and P-channel MOS FETs connected in parallel between input and output switch terminals, with capacitor charge currents being periodically produced from the output terminal. The filter derives an output signal with respect to a reference voltage and maintains the switch input and output terminal at the reference voltage, while respective substrate potentials of the N-channel and P-channel MOS FETs are fixed at the reference voltage, so that the analog switch does not produce an external flow of leakage current that can affect the output signal of the filter during each interval when the switch is open.

Abstract: An output circuit includes a constant current circuit that generates and supplies a constant current to an output terminal of the output circuit. Based on the constant current, the output circuit converts an input signal to an output signal having a voltage within a voltage range specified by upper and lower clamp voltages. The output signal is feedback to the constant current circuit. The constant current circuit changes the amount of the constant current in accordance with the output signal in such a manner that the constant current increases with an increase in the output signal and becomes zero when the output signal decreases to or below a threshold voltage. Thus, the upper clamp voltage is made as close to a power supply voltage as possible and the lower clamp voltage is made as close to a ground voltage as possible.

Abstract: A blind rivet (1) includes a rivet body (3) having a rivet body flange (2) integrally formed therewith, and a mandrel (5) passing through the rivet body and protrudes from the rivet body flange. The mandrel (5) has a large diameter head (6) at the end of the rivet body on the opposite side of the rivet body flange. An external thread portion (13) is provided in a region of the mandrel adjacent to the rivet body flange (2). A sleeve (14) is formed separately from the mandrel (5) and the rivet body (3), and is disposed adjacent to the rivet body flange (2). The sleeve (14) includes a sleeve flange (15) for sandwiching a second attachment member (22) between the sleeve flange and a first attachment member (21), and a deformable swageable portion (17) to be deformed radially in a region of the external thread portion, so as to form an internal thread portion (33) in the inner surface thereof. The rivet body (3) and the mandrel (5) are retained as attached to the first attachment member.

Abstract: A low-pass filter configured as a switched capacitor circuit in which capacitor charge switching is performed by 2-phase clock signals that control respective sets of switching elements, wherein an interval between a first-phase clock signal pulse and a succeeding second-phase clock signal pulse, during which no charging/discharging of capacitors should occur, is made as short as possible while ensuring that the two sets of switching elements cannot enter the ON state simultaneously. A low cut-off frequency can thereby be achieved, while using very small capacitor values.

Abstract: An analog switch used in a switched capacitor filter has N-channel and P-channel MOS FETs connected in parallel between input and output switch terminals, with capacitor charge currents being periodically produced from the output terminal. The filter derives an output signal with respect to a reference voltage and maintains the switch input and output terminal at the reference voltage, while respective substrate potentials of the N-channel and P-channel MOS FETs are fixed at the reference voltage, so that the analog switch does not produce an external flow of leakage current that can affect the output signal of the filter during each interval when the switch is open.

Abstract: A blind nut (1) is formed as a single-piece component of plastically deformable material such as metal. The blind nut (1) comprises a hollow internally threaded portion (2), a hollow tubular portion (3) extending continuously from the internally threaded portion (2), and a flange (5) provided at the end of the tubular portion (3) and formed with an opening in communication with the cavity of the tubular portion (3). The internally threaded portion (2) is fixed to a workpiece by inserting the tubular portion (2) into a mounting hole (13) of the workpiece and causing a buckling deformation in a portion of the tubular portion (2) to clamp the workpiece between the deformed portion (17) and the flange (5). The internally threaded portion (2) includes a thin-walled segment (7) having a certain axial length which extends from the end of the internally threaded portion (2) toward the tubular portion (3).

Abstract: A temperature dependent sensitivity compensating circuit structure of a sensor is provided. The sensor includes a sensing element which has a TCS (Temperature Coefficient of Sensitivity). The circuit structure is designed to provide a temperature characteristic to current supplied to the sensing element, thereby compensating for a change in TCS of the sensing element.

Abstract: A low-pass filter configured as a switched capacitor circuit in which capacitor charge switching is performed by 2-phase clock signals that control respective sets of switching elements, wherein an interval between a first-phase clock signal pulse and a succeeding second-phase clock signal pulse, during which no charging/discharging of capacitors should occur, is made as short as possible while ensuring that the two sets of switching elements cannot enter the ON state simultaneously. A low cut-off frequency can thereby be achieved, while using very small capacitor values.

Abstract: A blind rivet (1) includes a rivet body (3) having a rivet body flange (2) integrally formed therewith, and a mandrel (5) passing through the rivet body and protrudes from the rivet body flange. The mandrel (5) has a large diameter head (6) at the end of the rivet body on the opposite side of the rivet body flange. An external thread portion (13) is provided in a region of the mandrel adjacent to the rivet body flange (2). A sleeve (14) is formed separately from the mandrel (5) and the rivet body (3), and is disposed adjacent to the rivet body flange (2). The sleeve (14) includes a sleeve flange (15) for sandwiching a second attachment member (22) between the sleeve flange and a first attachment member (21), and a deformable swageable portion (17) to be deformed radially in a region of the external thread portion, so as to form an internal thread portion (33) in the inner surface thereof. The rivet body (3) and the mandrel (5) are retained as attached to the first attachment member.

Abstract: A temperature dependent sensitivity compensating circuit structure of a sensor is provided. The sensor includes a sensing element which has a TCS (Temperature Coefficient of Sensitivity). The circuit structure is designed to provide a temperature characteristic to current supplied to the sensing element, thereby compensating for a change in TCS of the sensing element.