Abstract: A starting pitch for carbon fibers, obtained by (A) mixing (1) a heavy fraction oil boiling at not lower than 200.degree. C. obtained at the time of steam cracking of petroleum with (2) a hydrogenated oil selected from aromatic hydrocarbons of 2-10 rings in which the nuclei have been hydrogenated and specific fractions boiling at 160.degree.-650.degree. C. and containing such nuclei-hydrogenated hydrocarbons and then (B) heat treating the resulting mixed oil at 370.degree.-480.degree. C. and 2-50 Kg/cm.sup.2.G to obtain the starting pitch for carbon fibers.

Abstract: A starting pitch for carbon fibers, produced by heat treating at 400.degree.-500.degree. C. under a hydrogen pressure of at least 20 Kg/cm.sup.2.G (1) a heavy fraction oil boiling at not lower than 200.degree. C. obtained at the time of fluidized catalytic cracking of petroleum or (3) a mixture of the heavy fraction oil (1) with (2) a heavy fraction oil boiling at not lower than 200.degree. C. obtained at the time of steam cracking of petroleum, the pitch so produced being heat treated to make precursor pitch therein, melt spun, infusibilized and carbonized or further graphitized to obtain the carbon fibers.

Abstract: A detergent composition possessing low toxicity and excellent washing power which comprises an anionic and/or nonionic surfactant having incorporated thereinto an imido-bis-sulfate and an aluminosilicate.

Abstract: A tap hole mix for blocking the pig iron or steel tap hole of furnaces, comprising refractory material and a binder comprising a petroleum-derived heavy oil having at least 25% Conradson carbon and an aromatic petroleum resin.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of petroleum-derived binder pitch, comprising heat treating a mixture of both (1) a heavy fraction boiling at not lower than 200.degree. C. and being obtained by the steam cracking of petroleum such as naphtha and (2) a heavy fraction boiling at not lower than 200.degree. C. and being obtained by the catalytic cracking of petroleum such as gas oil.

Abstract: A method for producing refractories which comprises the steps: continuously feeding as a raw material a heavy oil having a boiling point higher than 150.degree. C. obtained by thermal cracking or steam cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons in a first state stirring vessel maintained at a pressure of higher than 2 Kg/cm.sup.2 G and a temperature within the range of from 300.degree. to 360.degree. C.; maintaining said raw material oil at an average residence time of longer than 15 minutes; continuously withdrawing a first stage treated oil from said first stage stirring vessel; supplying said first stage treated oil in a second stage stirring vessel maintained at a temperature within the range of from 370.degree. to 450.degree. C.

Abstract: An amorphous refractory composition comprising a petroleum-derived binder prepared by feeding a fraction boiling at not lower than 150.degree. C. obtained by thermal or steam cracking of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons, into a first-step agitating vessel where the fraction is heat treated under specific conditions, feeding the thus heat treated fraction into a second-step agitating vessel where it is heat treated under specific conditions and then removing the light fraction from the further heat treated fraction thereby to obtain the petroleum-derived binder.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of petroleum-derived pitch comprising the steps of subjecting a heavy fraction boiling at not lower than 150.degree. C., the heavy fraction being obtained by the steam cracking of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons, to a specified first-step heat treatment, subjecting the first-step treated fraction to a specified second-step heat treatment and then removing the light fraction from the second-step treated fraction thereby to obtain the petroleum-derived pitch.

Abstract: A process for producing unburned basic refractories wherein a binder is added and kneaded with a basic refractory material and the kneaded mixture is press-formed. The binder is a thermoplastic resinous material which is obtained by removing a light fraction having a boiling point of less than 200.degree. C under a reduced pressure of 100 mmHg and having a benzene-insoluble fraction content of less than 10% by weight from at least one member selected from the group consisting of a heavy oil obtained by a steam cracking of petroleum and a polymerization product of said heavy oil. The slag penetration resistance, slag erosion resistance and slaking resistance of the given unburned basic refractories are substantially improved.

Abstract: Polychloroprene type adhesive compositions comprising (1) an acid-modified hydrocarbon resin, (2) polychloroprene, and (3) suitable additives such as metal oxides and anti-aging agents, together with, if desired, (4) known resins for polychloroprene type adhesives, such as alkylphenol resins and petroleum resins, and (5) a volatile organic solvent.

Abstract: A polychloroprene-base adhesive composition having a long retention time of tackiness without lowering of adhesive strength, which consists of:(1) resinous material having a softening point of 145.degree.C or higher being obtained by polymerization of a cracked oil fraction; (2) polychloroprene; (3) additives such as metallic oxides and antioxidants; (4) conventional additive resins, if necessary; and (5) volatile organic solvent.