Abstract: A thin film laminate comprises a metal layer consisting of a metal, and a thin film laminated on the surface of the metal layer, wherein a first direction is defined as one direction parallel to the surface of the metal layer, and a second direction is defined as one direction parallel to the surface of the metal layer and crossing the first direction; and the metal layer contains a plurality of first metal grains consisting of the metal and extending in the first direction on the surface of the metal layer, and a plurality of second metal grains consisting of the metal and extending in the second direction on the surface of the metal layer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide ferrite particles having a high magnetic permeability in a frequency band of 1 MHz to 1 GHz. Another object is to provide a resin composition containing the ferrite particles and an electromagnetic wave shielding material composed of the resin composition. The ferrite particles are composed of a single crystalline body having an average particle size of 1 to 2000 nm and has a spherical particle shape, wherein the ferrite particles contain substantially no Zn, 3 to 25 wt % of Mn, and 43 to 65 wt % of Fe, and a real part ?? of a complex magnetic permeability measured using a molding composed of the ferrite particles and a binder resin has a maximal value in a frequency band of 100 MHz to 1 GHz.

Abstract: The ferrite powder of the present invention is a ferrite powder containing a plurality of ferrite particles, wherein the ferrite particles each are a single crystal body having an average particle diameter of 1-2,000 nm, and have a polyhedron shape, and wherein the ferrite particles each contain 2.0-10.0 mass % of Sr, and 55.0-70.0 mass % of Fe.

Abstract: Provided is a technique that can produce a hot dip Zn—Al—Mg-based alloy coated steel product with a good plating appearance, without the need for heating of a steel product prior to immersion in a hot dip plating bath. Flux (11) for hot dip Zn—Al—Mg-based alloy plating contains: ZnCl2; and a low-reactive chloride which has low reactivity with respect to Mg in a plating bath and contains at least two chlorides selected from the compound group consisting of alkali metal chlorides and alkaline-earth metal chlorides, and a composition of the ZnCl2 and the low-reactive chloride is adjusted so that a liquidus temperature of the flux is 450° C. or lower.

Abstract: A short-wavelength infrared imaging lens includes first and second lens groups arranged in order from an object side. The first lens group has a negative refractive power as a whole. The second lens group has a positive refractive power as a whole and includes at least one positive lens that satisfies following conditional expressions (1) and (2): V2p>40??(1) N2p>1.7??(2) Here, N2p is a refractive index N [1.53] of the positive lens at a wavelength of 1.53 ?m, and the Abbe number V2p is an Abbe number of the positive lens in a short-wavelength infrared range and is defined as (N [1.53]?1)/(N [0.9]?N [2.325]) when refractive indexes of the at least one positive lens at wavelengths of 0.9 ?m, 1.53 ?m, and 2.325 ?m are represented by N [0.9], N [1.53], and N [2.325], respectively.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus includes a shape memory alloy (SMA) motor, an image sensor, a lens, and a controller. The SMA motor includes an SMA wire. The SMA wire is configured to deform to drive the lens to move. The controller is configured to output a pulse signal. The pulse signal includes a drive signal and a detection signal. The drive signal is used to cause the SMA wire to deform. The detection signal is used to detect deformation of the SMA wire. N times a pulse signal cycle is equal to a time difference between the first time of sampling and the second time of sampling in correlated double sampling of the image sensor.

Abstract: An image sensor including: a pixel array having a plurality of pixels connected to a plurality of row lines and a plurality of column lines; a plurality of ramp buffers configured to output a ramp voltage generated by a ramp voltage generator; a sampling circuit including a plurality of samplers, each of the plurality of samplers having a first input terminal for receiving the ramp voltage and a second input terminal connected to one of the plurality of column lines; and a switching circuit configured to connect the first input terminals of the samplers to each other or disconnect the first input terminals of the samplers from each other.

Abstract: An image sensor including: a pixel array having a plurality of pixels connected to a plurality of row lines and a plurality of column lines; a plurality of ramp buffers configured to output a ramp voltage generated by a ramp voltage generator; a sampling circuit including a plurality of samplers, each of the plurality of samplers having a first input terminal for receiving the ramp voltage and a second input terminal connected to one of the plurality of column lines; and a switching circuit configured to connect the first input terminals of the samplers to each other or disconnect the first input terminals of the samplers from each other.

Abstract: In order to enable a highly-sensitive certifying test by detecting a signal with a high S/N ratio while controlling the glide height of a magnetic head to be optimized at the time of the certifying test, a method for inspecting a magnetic disk by conducting the certifying test for the magnetic disk using the magnetic head incorporating a heater includes: writing data into the magnetic disk using the magnetic head; and reading the data written into the magnetic disk using the magnetic head. Electric power applied to the heater incorporated in the magnetic head is switched between when writing the data and when reading the data.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a deterioration detection method of a head and a magnetic disk inspection apparatus in which the number of times of exchanging the head due to deterioration is decreased to improve the throughput of an inspection. In the present invention, a resistance value detecting circuit that is directly coupled to both terminals of an MR head is provided to measure the resistance value of the MR head, and the measured value is compared with the initial value of the exchanged head, so that it is possible to recognize a deterioration state of each head irrespective of a magnetic disk as a measurement target.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a deterioration detection method of a head and a magnetic disk inspection apparatus in which the number of times of exchanging the head due to deterioration is decreased to improve the throughput of an inspection. In the present invention, a resistance value detecting circuit that is directly coupled to both terminals of an MR head is provided to measure the resistance value of the MR head, and the measured value is compared with the initial value of the exchanged head, so that it is possible to recognize a deterioration state of each head irrespective of a magnetic disk as a measurement target.

Abstract: Acceptability of a disk is determined by passing a detection signal from a head through a low-pass filter to obtain a detection signal component corresponding to side runout of the disk due to rotation of the disk and by comparing the maximum level of the signal with a predetermined reference value. Thus, it is possible to extract unacceptable disk which causes erroneous write and/or read or clash due to surface undulation of disk, even when the disk has no protrusion having bad influence upon the disk.

Abstract: An LiGaO.sub.2 single crystal manufactured by the Czochralski method has a crystallographic axis as a pulling direction set within an angle range of 30.degree. from a b- or a-axis direction. An LiGaO.sub.2 single-crystal substrate and a method of manufacturing the single crystal and the substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: An LiGaO.sub.2 single crystal manufactured by the Czochralski method has a crystallographic axis as a pulling direction set within an angle range of 30.degree. from a b- or a-axis direction. An LiGaO.sub.2 single-crystal substrate and a method of manufacturing the single crystal and the substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: A tester apparatus comprising a loader/unloader unit including a loader section for carrying a device, which have been carried to a carry-in section to a device-charging and -aligning section, and an unloader section for carrying device, which have been tested, from a device-discharging and -aligning section to a carry-out section, and a tester unit including carrier for carrying devices, which have been aligned at the device-charging and -aligning section, to a test position while carrying device, which have been tested, from the test position to a device-discharging and -aligning section, and a test section for electrically testing device at the test position to find whether the device is good or fault ones, wherein the tester unit is detachably connected to the loader/unloader unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oxygen ion conductor consisting of a composition consisting of (1-x-y)ZrO.sub.2 --xSc.sub.2 O.sub.3 --yAl.sub.2 O.sub.3, and to solid fuel cells employing this ion conductor as the solid electrolyte. In order to obtain more desireable characteristics in the aforementioned composition, it is preferrable to apply limits to the composition such that: 0.05<x+y.ltoreq.0.16 and x>0, y>0, or, alternatively, such that: 0.07.ltoreq.x+.ltoreq.0.13 and 0.005.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.02. In the present invention phase transitions occuring during temperature change from room temperature to high temperatures are eliminated and mechanical strength with respect to the heat cycle is increased by adding as a secondary dopant a specific quantity of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to a specific ZrO.sub.2 --Sc.sub.2 O.sub.3 system composition which has a high degree of ion conductivity.

Abstract: A light source device including an elongated box-shaped house, a gutter-shaped reflex mirror having a slit at its bottom and an elongated tubular light source positioned in the vicinity of said slit to effectively cool the bulb wall portion of said light source on the downstream side of a cooling flow generated by the cooling means disposed on the back wall of said house.

Abstract: In welding iron, steel, and nonferrous alloys, the wire feed is changed periodically and in synchronism with periodic changes of the electric welding current to establish a previously defined relation between the welding current value and the arc length. The welding current is varied between one producing a spray transfer arc and a current just maintaining the arc.