Abstract: A parking lock device comprises a parking lock mechanism (12) which locks an output shaft (1A) of a vehicle automatic transmission (1) when a shift lever (18) is changed over to a parking range, and an automatic brake device (14) which brakes the vehicle. When the shift lever (18) is changed over to the parking range at a vehicle speed is not less than a predetermined vehicle speed VSP1, a control unit (15) first operates the automatic brake device (14) to decelerate the vehicle and then operates the parking lock mechanism (12) after the vehicle speed has dropped to less than the predetermined vehicle speed VSP1. By this deceleration, the shock given to the vehicle by locking the output shaft (1A) while the vehicle is running is suppressed. The load of the parking lock mechanism due to the locking of the output shaft (1A) is also alleviated.

Abstract: Provided is a free ink type writing instrument having an ink tank part for storing an ink, in which an amount of the ink can visually be observed. The free ink type writing instrument is characterized by that the whole or a part of an internal surface part in contact with the ink in the ink tank part has a smaller critical surface tension than a surface tension of the ink, and a contact angle between the ink and the whole or a part of the internal surface part in contact with the ink in the ink tank part is 30° or more at a temperature of 25° C.

Abstract: A ball point pen filled with an erasable ink which comprises a resin or rubber having a filming temperature of 0.degree. C. or lower or a glass transition temperature of 0.degree. C. or lower, pigment particles and water. The erasability and the writing feeling are improved by further blending the ink with a gelatinizer and a lubricant.

Abstract: A free ink type writing instrument using an ink containing an organic solvent as a main solvent, wherein a temporary ink reservoir member has a larger critical surface tension than a surface tension of the ink, and an absolute value of a difference between values of solubility parameters of a material constituting the temporary ink reservoir member and a solvent contained in the ink is 1 or more.

Abstract: A transmission data sequence including a plurality of continuous data portions each formed on a byte unit basis and including predetermined code data is transmitted from a transmission station to a receiving station as serial data. At the receiving station, the transmission data sequence is received and converted to parallel data, and the parallel data is processed byte by byte. At the transmission station, out-of-synchronization detection code data sequence derived by shifting the first predetermined code data by from one bit to a predetermined number of bits at one bit pitch is inserted into the transmission data sequence and it is transmitted.

Abstract: A pump has inner and outer gears, suction and discharge passages, and a reinforcing member arranged in at least one of openings of the suction and discharge passages, the reinforcing member reinforcing a wall between the at least one opening and an inner peripheral surface of a gear pocket formed in a housing.

Abstract: Provided is a non-erasable pencil lead for a natural pencil and a mechanical pencil, characterized in that the pores of a baked pencil lead are impregnated with an unsaturated compound containing an unsaturated group having an iodine value of at least 130 or more, wherein an antioxidant, an oxidative polymerization catalyst and/or a photosensitizer can be added in addition to the unsaturated compound.

Abstract: A cutter body for counter sink drilling fiber reinforced plastic materials, such cutter body having a pilot portion at a distal end of the cutter body and a countersinking section formed adjacent to the pilot portion in a region on the base end side of the cutter body. The countersinking section comprises three unit machining sections disposed with equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutter body. Each unit machining section comprises an abrasive layer formed by electrodepositing diamond abrasive grains on a conical surface in turn provided on the cutter body with a chip discharge groove and a finishing edge overhanging from the abrasive layer by an amount t and disposed in order successively rearward in the direction of rotation of a drill or cutter. The finishing edge is formed on a hard sinter, which contains diamond grains as a main ingredient, on a laminar sinter.

Abstract: A process for coating a carbonized material with metal is disclosed, wherein a chlorine-containing resin mixture is coated with Cr or Fe-Cr alloy to a thickness of substantially several microns. The coated product is then heated in an inactive atmosphere to carbonize the resin mixture. The process sufficiently coats a metal onto a carbonized material using relatively simple steps.

Abstract: A lockup torque converter has a turbine splined to a turbine shaft, and a stator mounted on a stator shaft. Axial hole, radial hole and annular groove of the turbine shaft, and a first radial hole of the stator shaft form a first fluid passage for connecting a first fluid chamber on one side of a lockup clutch piston, with a pressure control unit whereas a second fluid passage for a second fluid chamber on the other side of the lockup clutch piston is formed by an outer annular clearance around the stator shaft inside a hub of an impeller. In order to prevent fluid leakage, the stator shaft is further formed with a second radial hole extending from the outer annular clearance to an inner annular clearance which is formed around the turbine shaft inside the stator shaft, and which is bounded between a bushing for supporting the turbine shaft and a sealing ring.

Abstract: An automatic transmission for use in an automotive vehicle is comprised of an oil pump assembly adapted to discharge hydraulic oil as operating oil for the automatic transmission. The oil pump assembly is disposed around a stator shaft connected to the stator of a torque converter. The oil pump assembly includes a pump element drivably disposed in a pump housing and covered with a pump cover secured to the pump housing. The pump cover is made of light alloy and integrally formed with a boss inside which the stator shaft is fitted. The boss protrudes in a direction opposite to the pump housing. Additionally, a rigid ring is fitted on the outer periphery of the boss, thereby increasing the rigidity of the boss and preventing the outer peripheral section of the boss from being worn.

Abstract: An oil pump of an automatic transmission, which comprises a casing having an oil pump gear chamber formed therein, the casing having first and second bores exposed to the oil pump gear chamber, the first and second bores being coaxially spaced from each other with an interposal of the oil pump gear chamber therebetween; gears operatively disposed in the oil pump gear chamber of the casing; a first splined portion formed on a leading end portion of a stator shaft of a torque converter; and a second splined portion formed on an inner surface of the second bore, wherein the stator shaft is thrusted through the first and second bores in this order into a fixed position wherein the first and second splined portions are operatively engaged.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon heat generator is disclosed including the steps of uniformly dispersing one or more types of metal compounds capable of forming a vitreous film upon oxidation in a moldable composition, molding the resultant dispersed composition, precarbonizing the molded composition, and then carbonizing the composition in a nonoxidative atmosphere to form a carbon heat generator having an oxidation preventive glass film. The oxidation of the metal compound exposed on the surface of the molded composition by the use of an oxidative atmosphere forms a vitreous film which prevents oxygen from diffusing in the interior thereof. The film so produced can form a new glass film on a damaged portion by a self-recovery effect if a pinhole or a crack occurs in the glass film. Thus, the process does not cause external appearance and weight differences before and after heat generating.