Abstract: Disclosed is an optical-electrical wiring board, comprising an electrical wiring board having a through-hole formed therein and an optical wiring layer laminated on the board and including a core and a clad surrounding the core. The electrical wiring board includes an electrical wiring formed on one surface of the board and pads on which optical parts are mounted. The pads are electrically connected to the electrical wiring and arranged on one surface of the electrical wiring board in the vicinity of a through-hole. The core includes a horizontal waveguide for propagating the light beam in a horizontal direction along the electrical wiring board and a vertical waveguide having a part arranged inside the through-hole and crossing the horizontal waveguide. The vertical waveguide propagates the light beam in a direction perpendicular to the electrical wiring board.

Abstract: An optical-electric printed wiring board includes an electric wiring substrate having electric interconnects, and an optical wiring layer stacked on the electric wiring substrate and having a surface on which an optical part is mounted. The optical wiring layer includes a core for propagating light, a clad for sandwiching the core, and a mirror for reflecting light propagating in the core toward an optical part mounted on the optical wiring layer, or reflecting light from an optical part into the core. The electric wiring substrate includes conductive setting portions each of which extends through the optical wiring layer in the direction of stacking and has an end face on which an optical part is set. These conductive setting portions obtain electrical conduction between the optical part and the electric interconnects.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a plasma display panel, which comprises the steps of filling a barrier rib-forming paste containing glass frit in a barrier ribs-forming intaglio and concurrently forming a paste layer having a constant thickness on the intaglio, superimposing a substrate on the barrier ribs-forming intaglio filled with the barrier rib-forming paste containing glass frit to thereby transfer the barrier rib-forming paste onto the substrate, and heating the barrier rib-forming paste that has been transferred to the substrate, thereby burning out existing organic components and concurrently sintering the glass frit to thereby form the barrier ribs and dielectric layer. The plasma display panel manufactured by this method is featured in that the barrier ribs and the dielectric layer are formed using the same barrier rib-forming material containing a low melting point glass frit.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a plasma display panel, which comprises the steps of filling a barrier rib-forming paste containing glass frit in a barrier ribs-forming intaglio and concurrently forming a paste layer having a constant thickness on the intaglio, superimposing a substrate on the barrier ribs-forming intaglio filled with the barrier rib-forming paste containing glass frit to thereby transfer the barrier rib-forming paste onto the substrate, and heating the barrier rib-forming paste that has been transferred to the substrate, thereby burning out existing organic components and concurrently sintering the glass frit to thereby form the barrier ribs and dielectric layer. The plasma display panel manufactured by this method is featured in that the barrier ribs and the dielectric layer are formed using the same barrier rib-forming material containing a low melting point glass frit.

Abstract: A first clad layer is formed on a smooth support substrate via a release layer. On the first clad layer, a core through which light propagates and alignment marks are simultaneously formed. Further, these layers are covered with a second clad to obtain an optical wiring layer. Then, the optical wiring layer is released from the support substrate and stuck to a substrate having an electric wiring. Subsequently, on the resulting substrate are formed a mirror for reflecting light propagating through the core, pads for installing optical parts or the like, and via holes for electrically connecting the electric wiring on the substrate to the pads. For this formation, the alignment marks are used as references.

Abstract: An optical-electric printed wiring board includes an electric wiring substrate having electric interconnects, and an optical wiring layer stacked on the electric wiring substrate and having a surface on which an optical part is mounted. The optical wiring layer includes a core for propagating light, a clad for sandwiching the core, and a mirror for reflecting light propagating in the core toward an optical part mounted on the optical wiring layer, or reflecting light from an optical part into the core. The electric wiring substrate includes conductive setting portions each of which extends through the optical wiring layer in the direction of stacking and has an end face on which an optical part is set. These conductive setting portions obtain electrical conduction between the optical part and the electric interconnects.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical-electrical wiring board, comprising an electrical wiring board having a through-hole formed therein and an optical wiring layer laminated on the board and including a core and a clad surrounding the core. The electrical wiring board includes an electrical wiring formed on one surface of the board and pads on which optical parts are mounted. The pads are electrically connected to the electrical wiring and arranged on one surface of the electrical wiring board in the vicinity of a through-hole. The core includes a horizontal waveguide for propagating the light beam in a horizontal direction along the electrical wiring board and a vertical waveguide having a part arranged inside the through-hole and crossing the horizontal waveguide. The vertical waveguide propagates the light beam in a direction perpendicular to the electrical wiring board.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a plasma display panel, which comprises the steps of filling a barrier rib-forming paste containing glass frit in a barrier ribs-forming intaglio and concurrently forming a paste layer having a constant thickness on the intaglio, superimposing a substrate on the barrier ribs-forming intaglio filled with the barrier rib-forming paste containing glass frit to thereby transfer the barrier rib-forming paste onto the substrate, and heating the barrier rib-forming paste that has been transferred to the substrate, thereby burning out existing organic components and concurrently sintering the glass frit to thereby form the barrier ribs and dielectric layer. The plasma display panel manufactured by this method is featured in that the barrier ribs and the dielectric layer are formed using the same barrier rib-forming material containing a low melting point glass frit.

Abstract: A substrate for an organic electroluminescence display element comprises a support (11), a plurality of first electrode lines (12) arranged apart from each other on the support (11), and a plurality of partition walls (13) arranged apart from each other and extending in a direction to cross the first electrode lines (12). Each of the partition walls (13) has eaves in an upper portion and flared side surfaces in a lower portion.

Abstract: Striped electrodes are formed on upper and lower substrates respectively, and a plurality of partition members are formed in a striped fashion so that a plurality of parallel sealed linear interstices R, each having a rectangular section, are formed between the substrates. A upper-side rubbing direction crosses a lower-side rubbing direction at a predetermined angle, and the direction of extension of each of the partition members is caused to fall within the above cross angle. An antiferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed in the linear interstices, and the liquid crystal panel is cooled while proceeding from one end of the linear interstices to the other end thereof. The layer normal direction of liquid crystal molecular layer becoming irregular between the upper and lower substrates is prevented by the employment of the cross rubbing method to thereby avoid the occurrence of defects in the liquid crystal.

Abstract: In an organic electroluminescent device including a substrate and formed thereon a multilayered structure successively having at least an anode layer, an organic electroluminescent layer and a cathode layer, a sealing layer having at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a metal fluoride and a metal sulfide is further provided on the electrode layer formed later. A hole injecting and transporting layer is preferably provided between the anode layer and the organic electroluminescent layer. An electron injecting and transporting layer may also be provided between the organic electroluminescent layer and the cathode layer. At least one layer of the hole injecting and transporting layer, organic electroluminescent layer and electron injecting and transporting layer may be formed of a polyphosphazene compound or a polyether compound or a polyphosphate compound having an aromatic tertiary amine group in its main chain.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal panel frame used for a liquid crystal display which comprises a pair of opposed substrates, a pair of electrodes formed on each of those substrates, a plurality of rectilinear barrier members provided at predetermined intervals between both substrates and an orientation film formed on said substrates and being subjected to a rubbing process. Each barrier member extends in substantially parallel to the rubbing direction. By adhering each barrier member to the substrate opposed thereto, a plurality of narrowly partitioned rectilinear spaces in which portions other than an aperture formed at the end portion thereof through which the liquid crystal passes are sealed against liquid. Ferroelectric or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystals are encapsulated into each of those rectilinear spaces to form a liquid crystal panel assembly.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color display system characterized in that polarized surface control means comprises a ferro-electric liquid crystal cell, and a spacer and adhesive layer is interposed between a first panel and a second panel, the spacer and adhesive layer substantially setting a gap d between the first and second panels holding the ferroelectric liquid crystal therebetween to electrically drive the same to: ##EQU1## wherein: .lambda.: specific wavelength.DELTA.n: refractive index anisotropyd: gap (thickness of a liquid crystal layer).