Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane including: a support membrane; and a separation functional layer provided on the support membrane, in which the separation functional layer comprises a plurality of protrusions formed of a thin membrane, and at least a part of the plurality of protrusions has a ratio (Wa/Wb) of larger than 1.3 in cross sections at arbitrary ten positions each having a length of 2.0 ?m in a membrane surface direction of the support membrane, provided that Wa is a maximum width of the protrusion and Wb is a root width of the protrusion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane including: a support membrane; and a separation functional layer provided on the support membrane, in which the separation functional layer includes a thin membrane, the thin membrane has a fold structure including a plurality of protrusions, an actual length L of the thin membrane per 1 ?m length of the support membrane in a cross-sectional direction perpendicular to a membrane surface is 3.0 ?m or more, and a thickness of the thin membrane in the protrusion is 15 nm or more.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus capable of generating a depth synthetic image with a wide dynamic range efficiently. The image capturing apparatus including a changing unit that changes a focus position, an image capturing unit that obtains images with different exposures by one exposure at each focus position, and a synthesis unit that generates a depth synthetic image having a wider dynamic range and a deeper depth of field than the images obtained by the image capturing unit using the images obtained by the image capturing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one memory configured to store instructions, and at least one processor in communication with the at least one memory and configured to execute the instructions to detect a feature amount from each of a plurality of images different in in-focus position in an optical axis direction, and align the plurality of images by using the feature amount. The at least one processor further executes instructions to detect the feature amount by preferentially using a focusing area of each of the plurality of images.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus comprises an image sensor configured to be capable of outputting a plurality of images with different gains with a single exposure; an acquisition unit configured to acquire, by performing a plurality of times of image capturing with different exposure times using the image sensor, a plurality of images with different gains in each of the plurality of times of image capturing; and a combining unit configured to combine the images acquired by the acquisition unit, wherein the combining unit uses an image obtained by image capturing with a longer exposure time among the plurality of times of image capturing with the different exposure times for combining for a region of a flicker light source.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one memory configured to store instructions, and at least one processor in communication with the at least one memory and configured to execute the instructions to detect a feature amount from each of a plurality of images different in in-focus position in an optical axis direction, and align the plurality of images by using the feature amount. The at least one processor further executes instructions to detect the feature amount by preferentially using a focusing area of each of the plurality of images.

Abstract: Provided is a gas separation membrane that can be used continuously. The gas separation membrane comprises: a porous support membrane that contains an aromatic polyamide in which an aromatic ring has been replaced with a chloro group; and a separation functional layer that is disposed on the surface of the porous support membrane and contains a cross-linked polyamide obtained by polycondensation of a polyfunctional amine and a polyfunctional acid halide.

Abstract: The method extracts an extract containing sea cucumber saponins. The extract is separated from sea cucumber meat exclusively by a specific heat treatment without conducting any chemical treatment with the use of an enzyme, ethanol, etc. The method includes: a step for heating sea cumbers from a starting temperature to a target heating temperature by a first temperature gradient; and a step for decreasing the temperature by a second temperature gradient that is gentler than the first temperature gradient to thereby extract the sea cucumber extract. The sea cucumber extract is stored as a sea cucumber extract material in the form of a liquid concentrate, etc. Then an appropriate amount of the sea cucumber extract material is added to, for example, another sea cucumber extract material having been separated and extracted from sea cucumbers with a lower saponin content.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one memory configured to store instructions, and at least one processor in communication with the at least one memory and configured to execute the instructions to detect a feature amount from each of a plurality of images different in in-focus position in an optical axis direction, and align the plurality of images by using the feature amount. The at least one processor further executes instructions to detect the feature amount by preferentially using a focusing area of each of the plurality of images.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas separation membrane including: a supporting membrane; and a separation functional layer which is provided on the supporting membrane and includes a crosslinked polyamide obtained by polycondensation of a polyfunctional amine and a polyfunctional acid halide, in which, in the crosslinked polyamide, the number A of terminal amino groups, the number B of terminal carboxy groups, and the number C of amide groups satisfy (A+B)/C?0.66.

Abstract: A composite semipermeable membrane includes a porous supporting membrane and a separation functional layer, in which, in cross-sections having a length of 2.0 ?m in a membrane surface direction, the average number density of projections in the separation functional layer which have a height of one-fifth or more of the 10-point average surface roughness is 10.0-30.0 projections/?m and the projections have an average height less than 100 nm, and in which a water production rate and a salt rejection are predetermined values or more after an aqueous solution is passed through under certain conditions.

Abstract: In order to provide a composite semipermeable membrane which combines strength and water permeability, the present invention provides a composite semipermeable membrane including: a supporting membrane including a substrate and a porous support; and a separation functional layer disposed on the porous support, in which the substrate has a weight A per unit area, a portion of the porous support which is located within the substrate has a weight B per unit area, and a sum of the weight A and the weight B, (A+B), is 30 to 100 g/m2, and a ratio between the weight A and the weight B, B/A, is 0.10 to 0.60.

Abstract: The method extracts an extract containing sea cucumber saponins. The extract is separated from sea cucumber meat exclusively by a specific heat treatment without conducting any chemical treatment with the use of an enzyme, ethanol, etc. The method includes: a step for heating sea cumbers from a starting temperature to a target heating temperature by a first temperature gradient; and a step for decreasing the temperature by a second temperature gradient that is gentler than the first temperature gradient to thereby extract the sea cucumber extract. The sea cucumber extract is stored as a sea cucumber extract material in the form of a liquid concentrate, etc. Then an appropriate amount of the sea cucumber extract material is added to, for example, another sea cucumber extract material having been separated and extracted from sea cucumbers with a lower saponin content.

Abstract: Provided is a gas separation membrane that can be used continuously. The gas separation membrane comprises: a porous support membrane that contains an aromatic polyamide in which an aromatic ring has been replaced with a chloro group; and a separation functional layer that is disposed on the surface of the porous support membrane and contains a cross-linked polyamide obtained by polycondensation of a polyfunctional amine and a polyfunctional acid halide.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus detects motion vectors from a first area and a second area smaller than the first area of a processing target image in a plurality of images and uses the processing target image in combination of a panoramic image in a case where a difference between the motion vector detected from the first area and the motion vector detected from the second area is within a predetermined range.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite semipermeable membrane having achieved both strength and water-permeable properties. This composite semipermeable membrane is provided with a substrate, a porous support body disposed on the substrate, and a separation function layer provided on the porous support body. The substrate has a structure provided with a crimped portion and a non-crimped portion. The porous support body is impregnated inside a crimped portion and inside a non-crimped portion of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a gas separation membrane comprising: a porous supporting layer; and a separation function layer disposed on the porous supporting layer and including a crosslinked aromatic polyamide obtained by polycondensation of a multifunctional aromatic amine and a multifunctional aromatic acid halide, wherein the crosslinked aromatic polyamide includes at least one of a fluorine atom bonded to an aromatic ring and a fluorine atom bonded to a nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite semipermeable membrane having achieved both strength and water-permeable properties. This composite semipermeable membrane is provided with a substrate, a porous support body disposed on the substrate, and a separation function layer provided on the porous support body. The substrate has a structure provided with a crimped portion and a non-crimped portion. The porous support body is impregnated inside a crimped portion and inside a non-crimped portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A composite semipermeable membrane including: a substrate; a porous supporting layer formed on the substrate; and a separation functional layer formed on the porous supporting layer, in which the separation functional layer contains crosslinked wholly aromatic polyamide as a main component and contains a carboxy group, a ratio of (molar equivalent of the carboxy group)/(molar equivalent of an amide group) in functional groups contained in the separation functional layer is 0.40 or more, and an average ratio of oxygen atoms/nitrogen atoms in front and rear sides of the separation functional layer is 0.95 or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas separation membrane including: a supporting membrane; and a separation functional layer which is provided on the supporting membrane and includes a crosslinked polyamide obtained by polycondensation of a polyfunctional amine and a polyfunctional acid halide, in which, in the crosslinked polyamide, the number A of terminal amino groups, the number B of terminal carboxy groups, and the number C of amide groups satisfy (A+B)/C?0.66.