Abstract: To enable to use a lip type seal at installation positions where shaft diameters are same but shaft hole diameters are different, an installation structure is made such that a lip type seal (1) is installed to an inner periphery of a shaft hole (72) via a cartridge (51) arranged at an outer peripheral side of the lip type seal, the cartridge (51) has a large-diameter tube portion (54) and a small-diameter tube portion (52) via a step portion (53), and is fitted to the inner periphery of the shaft hole (72) by an outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter tube portion (54), while the lip type seal (1) is fitted to an inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter tube portion (52), and only a diameter of the large-diameter tube portion (54) is set in conformity to a diameter of a shaft hole to be installed.

Abstract: For easier separation and sorting by material of constructing parts and better assembly retainability among the constructing parts and installing workability, a lip type seal has a elastic material-made first lip seal member (11) including a cylinder portion (12) fitted into a shaft hole (72) and a first seal lip (14) arranged at a sealed fluid side (A) and contacted with a shaft (73), a resin-made second lip seal member (21) including a second seal lip (23) arranged at an atmospheric air side (B) and contacted with the shaft (73), a metal-made spacer ring (31) arranged at the sealed fluid side (A) of the second lip seal member (21), and a metal-made retaining ring (41) retaining the spacer ring (31) and the second lip seal member (21), and these parts are assembled without bonding, so that the retaining ring (41) is fitted to the first lip seal member (11).

Abstract: To enable to use a lip type seal at installation positions where shaft diameters are same but shaft hole diameters are different, an installation structure is made such that a lip type seal (1) is installed to an inner periphery of a shaft hole (72) via a cartridge (51) arranged at an outer peripheral side of the lip type seal, the cartridge (51) has a large-diameter tube portion (54) and a small-diameter tube portion (52) via a step portion (53), and is fitted to the inner periphery of the shaft hole (72) by an outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter tube portion (54), while the lip type seal (1) is fitted to an inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter tube portion (52), and only a diameter of the large-diameter tube portion (54) is set in conformity to a diameter of a shaft hole to be installed.

Abstract: For easier separation and sorting by material of constructing parts and better assembly retainability among the constructing parts and installing workability, a lip type seal has a elastic material-made first lip seal member (11) including a cylinder portion (12) fitted into a shaft hole (72) and a first seal lip (14) arranged at a sealed fluid side (A) and contacted with a shaft (73), a resin-made second lip seal member (21) including a second seal lip (23) arranged at an atmospheric air side (B) and contacted with the shaft (73), a metal-made spacer ring (31) arranged at the sealed fluid side (A) of the second lip seal member (21), and a metal-made retaining ring (41) retaining the spacer ring (31) and the second lip seal member (21), and these parts are assembled without bonding, so that the retaining ring (41) is fitted to the first lip seal member (11).

Abstract: A program is rerun up to an abnormal point. In this situation, a control flow at a division point between a normal point and the abnormal point is derived while a variable influencing the error and the value of the variable at the division point are derived on the basis of four dependences. A programmer determines an error of the control flow, an error of the value of the variable influencing the error, and an error of a value of a variable used in a conditional instruction/loop instruction. Such processing is repeated, so that an instruction finally remaining between the normal and abnormal points is determined to be a bug. If no instruction having a dependence on the abnormal point is present between the normal and abnormal points, a determination is made that a bug related to omission of an instruction is present between the normal and abnormal points.

Abstract: A mechanical seal has a predetermined number of fine grooves formed on a sliding surface thereof, both ends of the fine grooves respectively reaching the outer peripheral end and the inner peripheral end of the sliding surface, part of the fine grooves being inclined forwardly and the remainder inclined rearwardly with respect to the relative rotational direction of the sliding surface. With those fine grooves it is intended to improve the sealing effect and the lubricating effect of the sliding surface. Also provided is a method of forming such a sliding surface.

Abstract: A mechanical seal has a predetermined number of fine grooves formed on a sliding surface thereof, both ends of the fine grooves respectively reaching the outer peripheral end and the inner peripheral end of the sliding surface, part of the fine grooves being inclined forwardly and the remainder inclined rearwardly with respect to the relative rotational direction of the sliding surface. With those fine grooves it is intended to improve the sealing effect and the lubricating effect of the sliding surface. Also provided is a method of forming such a sliding surface.

Abstract: A flow rate measuring instrument comprising an oscillation assembly causing self-oscillation responsive to the flow condition of a fluid and a mechanism for adjusting the moment of inertia of the oscillation assembly in response to the variations in the flow condition and other conditions of the fluid, being capable of carrying out required corrections responsive to the changes in the density, level and the like of the fluid for obtaining the true flow rate of the fluid from a detected flow rate on the basis of the detection of the frequency of the oscillation assembly.