Abstract: A device for measuring a physical value, such as a vibratory gyroscope, is provided. The device comprises a vibrator; a driving means for exciting a driving vibration in the vibrator; a detecting means for obtaining an output signal based on a detection vibration excited in the vibrator in response with the physical value; and a detection circuit for processing the output signal to provide a detection signal corresponding with the physical value. The vibrator has at least one bending vibration arms 1A and 1B vibrating in bending mode along a specified plane (X-Y plane). The bending vibration arm comprises at least a pair of base parts 2A, 2B and a connecting part 3 connecting the base parts 2A, 2B. The connecting and base parts define a pair of recesses 8A, 8B.

Abstract: A device for measuring a physical value, such as a vibratory gyroscope, is provided. The device comprises a vibrator; a driving means for exciting a driving vibration in the vibrator; a detecting means for obtaining an output signal based on a detection vibration excited in the vibrator in response with the physical value; and a detection circuit for processing the output signal to provide a detection signal corresponding with the physical value. The vibrator has at least one bending vibration arms 1A and 1B vibrating in bending mode along a specified plane (X-Y plane). The bending vibration arm comprises at least a pair of base parts 2A, 2B and a connecting part 3 connecting the base parts 2A, 2B. The connecting and base parts define a pair of recesses 8A, 8B.

Abstract: A vibrator for a vibratory gyroscope including a base part and at least one bending-vibration piece extending from the base part in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the base part and a fixing part for fixing one end of the base part. The base part and bending-vibration piece are formed to extend substantially in a specified plane. At the opposite side to one end of the base part, a projection projecting from the bending-vibration piece is provided, or at least a pair of resonant arms resonating with vibration of the base part, wherein the resonant arms project from the fixing part. With this arrangement, it is possible to detect a turning angular rate with high accuracy.

Abstract: A vibrator for a vibratory gyroscope including a base part and at least one bending-vibration piece extending from the base part in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the base part and a fixing part for fixing one end of the base part. The base part and bending-vibration piece are formed to extend substantially in a specified plane. At the opposite side to one end of the base part, a projection projecting from the bending-vibration piece is provided, or at least a pair of resonant arms resonating with vibration of the base part, wherein the resonant arms project from the fixing part. With this arrangement, it is possible to detect a turning angular rate with high accuracy.

Abstract: A vibrator for a vibratory gyroscope including a base part and at least one bending-vibration piece extending from the base part in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the base part and a fixing part for fixing one end of the base part. The base part and bending-vibration piece are formed to extend substantially in a specified plane. At the opposite side to one end of the base part, a projection projecting from the bending-vibration piece is provided, or at least a pair of resonant arms resonating with vibration of the base part, wherein the resonant arms project from the fixing part. With this arrangement, it is possible to detect a turning angular rate with high accuracy.

Abstract: A vibratory gyroscope for detecting a turning angular rate of rotation applied to a vibrator in a predetermined temperature range is disclosed. The vibratory gyroscope has a vibrator, a supporting member for supporting the vibrator and an adhesive portion made of an adhesive provided between the supporting member and the vibrator for bonding the vibrator to the supporting member. The vibratory gyroscope detects a turning angular rate based on a detecting vibration excited in the vibrator according to rotation when a driving vibration is excited in the vibrator. The adhesive has a tan &dgr; not higher than 0.1 within the temperature range.

Abstract: The use of a Nd-YAG laser or excimer laser enables easy formation of protrusions on a protecting layer and a portion of an opposite surface near the trailing side end thereof and a thin film element. It is thus possible to avoid direct contact between the thin film element and the disk surface, and thus prevent damage to the thin film element and wearing thereof even if a slider and the disk surface repeatedly slide on each other.

Abstract: A vibrator for a vibratory gyroscope including a base part and at least one bending-vibration piece extending from the base part in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the base part and a fixing part for fixing one end of the base part. The base part and bending-vibration piece are formed to extend substantially in a specified plane. At the opposite side to one end of the base part, a projection projecting from the bending-vibration piece is provided, or at least a pair of resonant arms resonating with vibration of the base part, wherein the resonant arms project from the fixing part. With this arrangement, it is possible to detect a turning angular rate with high accuracy.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member which has a charge-generating layer and a charge-transporting layer on a substrate, has steps of applying a solution containing a charge-transporting material, binder resin, dimethoxymethane, and an aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvent having a boiling point of 130° C. or higher, and drying the solution, to form the charge-transporting layer.

Abstract: A vibratory gyroscope for detecting a turning angular rate in a turning system is provided. The gyroscope comprises a vibrator, an exciting means for exciting driving vibration in the vibrator, and a detecting means for detecting vibration induced in the vibrator. The vibrator comprises a plurality of vibration systems 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B, which are formed within a specified plane intersecting the turning axis Z. Vibration systems comprises first vibration systems 1A and 1B whose vibrations include radial vibration components, in which the center of gravity of first vibration system vibrates in a radial direction in the specified plane with respect to the center of gravity GO of the vibrator. The vibration systems also comprises second vibration systems 2A and 2B whose vibrations include circumferential vibration components, in which the center of gravity of vibration of the second vibration system vibrates in the specified plane along a circle with the center of gravity GO as its center.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member has a layer. The process has the step of forming the layer by the use of a dispersion obtained by ejecting a pressurized fluid from an orifice into a hollow member having a diameter larger than the diameter of the orifice, to disperse a material to be dispersed. The fluid is ejected in substantially an unatomized state.

Abstract: A vibrator of a vibratory gyroscope comprises a main arm having a base part and at least one bending-vibration piece extending from the base part in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the base part and a fixing part for fixing one end of the base part, and the base part and the bending-vibration piece are formed so as to extend substantially in a specified plane. Preferably, at the opposite side to one end of the base part, a projection projecting from the bending-vibration piece is provided, or at least a pair of resonant arms resonating with vibration of the base part, said pair of resonant arms projecting from the fixing part are provided. Thanks to this, it has been possible to detect a turning angular rate in a sufficiently high accuracy without providing a projection which has a certain weight and extends from the vibrator toward the axis of turning even in case of arranging the vibrator so that the vibration arm of the vibrator extends perpendicularly to the axis of turning.

Abstract: The use of a Nd-YAG laser or excimer laser enables easy formation of protrusions on a protecting layer and a portion of an opposite surface near the trailing side end thereof and a thin film element. It is thus possible to avoid direct contact between the thin film element and the disk surface, and thus prevent damage to the thin film element and wearing thereof even if a slider and the disk surface repeatedly slide on each other.

Abstract: A vibrator of a vibratory gyroscope comprises a main arm having a base part and at least one bending-vibration piece extending from the base part in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the base part and a fixing part for fixing one end of the base part, and the base part and the bending-vibration piece are formed so as to extend substantially in a specified plane. Preferably, at the opposite side to one end of the base part, a projection projecting from the bending-vibration piece is provided, or at least a pair of resonant arms resonating with vibration of the base part, said pair of resonant arms projecting from the fixing part are provided. Thanks to this, it has been possible to detect a turning angular rate in a sufficiently high accuracy without providing a projection which has a certain weight and extends from the vibrator toward the axis of turning even in case of arranging the vibrator so that the vibration arm of the vibrator extends perpendicularly to the axis of turning.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member which has a charge-generating layer and a charge-transporting layer on a substrate, has steps of applying a solution containing a charge-transporting material, binder resin, dimethoxymethane, and an aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvent having a boiling point of 130° C. or higher, and drying the solution, to form the charge-transporting layer.

Abstract: A vibrator of a vibratory gyroscope comprises a main arm having a base part and at least one bending-vibration piece extending from the base part in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the base part and a fixing part for fixing one end of the base part, and the base part and the bending-vibration piece are formed so as to extend substantially in a specified plane. Preferably, at the opposite side to one end of the base part, a projection projecting from the bending-vibration piece is provided, or at least a pair of resonant arms resonating with vibration of the base part, said pair of resonant arms projecting from the fixing part are provided. Thanks to this, it has been possible to detect a turning angular rate in a sufficiently high accuracy without providing a projection which has a certain weight and extends from the vibrator toward the axis of turning even in case of arranging the vibrator so that the vibration arm of the vibrator extends perpendicularly to the axis of turning.

Abstract: A vibratory gyroscope for detecting a turning angular rate in a turning system is provided. The gyroscope comprises a vibrator, an exciting means for exciting driving vibration in the vibrator, and a detecting means for detecting vibration induced in the vibrator. The vibrator comprises a plurality of vibration systems 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B, which are formed within a specified plane intersecting the turning axis Z. Vibration systems comprises first vibration systems 1A and 1B whose vibrations include radial vibration components, in which the center of gravity of first vibration system vibrates in a radial direction in the specified plane with respect to the center of gravity GO of the vibrator. The vibration systems also comprises second vibration systems 2A and 2B whose vibrations include circumferential vibration components, in which the center of gravity of vibration of the second vibration system vibrates in the specified plane along a circle with the center of gravity GO as its center.

Abstract: A vibratory gyroscope for detecting a turning angular rate in a turning system is provided. The gyroscope comprises a vibrator, an exciting means for exciting driving vibration in the vibrator, and a detecting means for detecting vibration induced in the vibrator. The vibrator comprises a plurality of vibration systems 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B, which are formed within a specified plane intersecting the turning axis Z. Vibration systems comprises first vibration systems 1A and 1B whose vibrations include radial vibration components, in which the center of gravity of first vibration system vibrates in a radial direction in the specified plane with respect to the center of gravity GO of the vibrator. The vibration systems also comprises second vibration systems 2A and 2B whose vibrations include circumferential vibration components, in which the center of gravity of vibration of the second vibration system vibrates in the specified plane along a circle with the center of gravity GO as its center.

Abstract: A vibrator including a loop-shaped vibration system 2, another vibration system 3A, 5A and 5B vibrating independently from the system 2, and connecting portions 4A and 4B. Exciting means for exciting driving vibration in the vibrator is provided in one of the loop-shaped vibration system and another vibration system, and detecting means for detecting detection vibration induced in the vibrator, when it is turned, is provided in the other of the systems, to provide a vibratory gyroscope.

Abstract: A vibratory gyroscope for detecting a turning angular rate of rotation applied to a vibrator, which vibratory gyroscope has the vibrator provided with a plurality of vibration pieces and a base part having the plurality of vibration pieces connected with it and is composed so as to obtain the turning angular rate on the basis of a detecting vibration excited in the vibrator according to the turning angular rate when giving a driving vibration to at least one of the vibration pieces, and makes the vibrator being supported in a domain where the detecting vibration is smallest in said vibrator, said domain being in the vicinity of the center of gravity of the vibrator.