Abstract: This invention provides a semi-finished pipe used for forming a finished pipe by cutting performed by a lathe. The semi-finished pipe includes: a first layer for forming the finished pipe that remains even after cutting is performed by the lathe; and a second layer for a dummy use that does not remain after being cut by the lathe. According to the semi-finished pipe of the present invention, it is possible to provide the semi-finished pipe that is served for manufacturing a pipe having a small diameter (the finished pipe) using a lathe even when it is difficult for the lathe to perform cutting because of difficulty in grasping a pipe which is a target to be cut by a chucking jig due to a small outer diameter of the pipe.

Abstract: A photographing device includes a pressure sensor that detects a pressure received by the photographing device; a detection unit that detects whether the photographing device is placed in the water or in the air; and a storage unit that stores image information. A controller of the photographing device starts an operation of generating time-series pressure data on the basis of an output of the pressure sensor when a first state, in which the photographing device is placed from the air into the water, is detected. The controller stops the operation of generating the time-series pressure data when a second state, in which the photographing device is placed from the water into the air, is detected, associate the image file stored in the storage unit from the first state to the second state with the time-series pressure data, and store again the image file in the storage unit.

Abstract: A photographing device includes a pressure sensor that detects a pressure received by the photographing device; a detection unit that detects whether the photographing device is placed in the water or in the air; and a storage unit that stores image information. A controller of the photographing device starts an operation of generating time-series pressure data on the basis of an output of the pressure sensor when a first state, in which the photographing device is placed from the air into the water, is detected. The controller stops the operation of generating the time-series pressure data when a second state, in which the photographing device is placed from the water into the air, is detected, associate the image file stored in the storage unit from the first state to the second state with the time-series pressure data, and store again the image file in the storage unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal panel wherein an opposite substrate includes a plurality of pillar-shaped spacers opposing scanning lines provided on an array substrate. The spacers have distal ends which contact the scanning lines with an opposite electrode of the opposing substrate being interposed between the distal ends and the scanning lines. Each of the distal ends of the spacers has a width smaller than the width of each scanning line. Pixel electrodes have notches which are formed in those of their side edges which are opposite to the scanning lines, such that the notches are located opposite to the distal ends of the spacers. The distance between the side edges of the pixel electrode and the scanning line opposing the side edges is larger at regions around the distal ends of the spacers than other regions.

Abstract: On the surface of an array substrate 60, a sealing material 64 is provided so as to surround a display region, and a plurality of spacers 66 are provided in the display region. The array substrate 60 and a counter substrate 62 are vacuum held to stages 20 and 18, respectively, so that the array substrate 60 and the counter substrate 62 face each other. In one of the stages, a recessed portion 26 facing the effective region of the counter substrate 62 is formed. By evacuating the recessed portion, the effective region of the counter substrate 62 is deflected so as to go away from the effective region of the array substrate 60. In this state, the peripheral portions of the array substrate 60 and the counter substrate 62 are panel aligned with each other via the sealing material 64. Subsequently, the counter substrate 62 is positioned with respect to the array substrate 60 by means of an X-Y-.theta. stage.

Abstract: Spacers are studded in line like islands at substantially regular intervals on an opposing substrate mother glass. The spacers are brought into contact with a scribe line, i.e., a crack, formed on an array substrate mother glass. When a shock is applied uniformly to the opposing substrate mother glass in a position just above the scribe line, the shock is concentrated on the spacers and transmitted to the array substrate mother glass via the spacers. As a result, the crack forming the scribe line is extended substantially perpendicular to the glass surface, so that the array substrate mother glass can be cut without generating cut defects.