Abstract: A vehicle speed control system includes a first electronic control unit for transmitting a difference between actual and target vehicle speeds and control constants that vary depending on the vehicle speed difference when it determines fulfillment of vehicle speed control conditions, and a second electronic control unit for performing the vehicle speed control based on the vehicle speed difference and control constants received through a communication line. Change of the control constants for adjustment of a vehicle speed control function of the system can be easily carried out by changing the control constants stored in the first electronic control unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an active matrix type liquid crystal display employing the line inversion driving. At the time of the wide mode display, in which specific area (black frame area) of the pixel unit (11) consisting of such as upper two rows and lower two rows are displayed in black, the liquid crystal display drives the gate lines (24−1, 24−y−1) of odd number rows and the gate lines (24−2, 24−y) of even number rows of the black frame area using driving pulses (1) and (2) of different lines which are generated by the driving pulse generating circuit (135), while sequentially outputs image signals whose polarity is inverted every 1H period to the signal lines (25−1˜25−x) via the horizontal switches (122−1˜122−x) to perform line inversion driving in the black frame area.

Abstract: The hard disk apparatus has first and second skew adjust members 21 and 22 for adjusting inclinations or an inclination of a main guide shaft 16 and/or a sub-guide shaft 17. The first and second skew adjust members comprise: bearing parts 41 or a bearing part 41 provided such that the centers or center of shaft holes 43 or a shaft hole 43 in which ends or an end of a main guide shaft 16 and/or a sub-guide shaft 17 is inserted and supported is deviated from the centers or center of end surfaces or an end surface of the main guide shaft 16 and/or a sub-guide shaft 17, the end surfaces or end surface being substantially perpendicular to the axial directions or axial direction of the main guide shaft 16 and/or the sub-guide shaft 17; and first, second, and third contact surfaces A, B, and C that are brought into contact with a support base 8, the first, second, and third contact surfaces forming a substantially rectangular outer circumference.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an ultimate analyzer which can display an element distribution image of an object to be analyzed with high contrast to determine the positions of the element distribution with high accuracy, and a scanning transmission electron microscope and a method of analyzing elements using the ultimate analyzer. The present invention exists in an ultimate analyzer comprising a scattered electron beam detector for detecting an electron beam scattered by an object to be analyzed; an electron spectrometer for energy dispersing an electron beam transmitted through the object to be analyzed; an electron beam detector for detecting said dispersed electron beam; and a control unit for analyzing elements of the object to be analyzed based on an output signal of the electron beam detected by the electron beam detector and an output signal of the electron beam detected by the scattered electron beam detector.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an ultimate analyzer which can display an element distribution image of an object to be analyzed with high contrast to determine the positions of the element distribution with high accuracy, and a scanning transmission electron microscope and a method of analyzing elements using the ultimate analyzer.

Abstract: An electron beam detector detects a peak of a spectrum, and when a peak position is deviated from a reference position on the electron beam detector, a controller for controlling an electron beam position on the electron beam detector is used to correct a deviation. An electron energy loss spectrum is measured while controlling correction a deviation between an electron beam position on a specimen, and a peak position of the spectrum, and a spectrum measuring with the electron beam detector.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification apparatus and method is applied to an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine generates an exhaust gas to be introduced to an exhaust system thereof. There is provided a reformer and controller. The reformer introduces a fuel and a part of the exhaust gas and generates a reformed gas including at least hydrogen and the controller is programmed to control a fuel supply amount of the fuel introduced to the reformer and an exhaust gas introduction amount of the exhaust gas introduced to the reformer in accordance with a demanded hydrogen amount of the reformer and operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas is purified while controlling the fuel supply amount and the exhaust gas introduction amount.

Abstract: A switch is controlled by a charging control unit. An inductor is provided between the switch and a secondary battery. An offset generation unit generates voltage V2 by adding an offset voltage Vos to voltage V1, where the voltage V1 corresponds to an inductor current. A current detection unit detects the inductor current based on the voltage V2. A voltage detection unit detects output voltage Vout. A charging control unit controls the switch based on the inductor current detected by the current detection unit and the output voltage Vout detected by the voltage detection unit.

Abstract: The hard disk apparatus has first and second skew adjust members 21 and 22 for adjusting inclinations or an inclination of a main guide shaft 16 and/or a sub guide shaft 17. The first and second skew adjust members comprise: bearing parts 41 or a bearing part 41 provided such that the centers or center of shaft holes 43 or a shaft hole 43 in which ends or an end of a main guide shaft 16 and/or a sub guide shaft 17 is inserted and supported is deviated from the centers or center of end surfaces or an end surface of the main guide shaft 16 and/or a sub guide shaft 17, the end surfaces or end surface being substantially perpendicular to the axial directions or axial direction of the main guide shaft 16 and/or the sub guide shaft 17; and first, second, and third contact surfaces A, B, and C which are brought into contact with a support base 8, the first, second, and third contact surfaces forming a substantially rectangular outer circumference.

Abstract: An in-cylinder direct-injection spark-ignition engine using at least a homogeneous combustion mode and a stratified combustion mode and equipped with a pentroof combustion chamber head having first and second shallow-angled surfaces, comprises intake valves disposed in the first shallow-angled surface, exhaust valves disposed in the second shallow-angled surface. A pair of substantially straight intake ports are formed in the cylinder head. A tumble-and-swirl control valve is disposed in a first intake port of the substantially straight intake ports for adjusting the amount of intake air passing through the first intake port.

Abstract: An energy filter has a plurality of deflection means and is constructed by using the plural deflection means so that an average track of an electron beam is symmetric and the normal line to a symmetric plane is inclined against an incident direction of the electron beam.

Abstract: A comparator compares a control voltage obtained by amplifying the difference between an output voltage of a DC voltage outputting circuit and a reference voltage, with the voltage between both ends of a sense resistor. The result of this comparison is input to the reset terminal "R" of a flip-flop circuit as a reset signal. For example, if a light load is connected to the DC voltage outputting circuit, the control voltage to be output to the comparators via an amplifier will drop and the output voltage of the DC outputting circuit will rise. Therefore, a threshold voltage is provided to another comparator to which the control voltage is input, and a set pulse signal is not output to the set terminal "S" of the flip-flop circuit if the control voltage is not equal to or higher than the threshold voltage.

Abstract: A chemically inducible promoter is described which may be used to transform plants with genes which are easily regulatable by adding plants or plant cells to a medium containing an inducer of the promoter or by removing the plants or plant cells from such medium. The promoter described is one which is inducible by a glucocorticoid which is not endogenous to plants. Such promoters may be used with a variety of genes such as ipt or knotted1 to induce shoot formation in the presence of a glucocorticoid. The promoter may also be used with antibiotic or herbicide resistance genes which are then regulatable by the presence or absence of inducer rather than being constitutive. Other examples of genes which may be placed under the control of the inducible promoter are also presented.

Abstract: A method of operating an electron microscope under a high temperature and the electron microscope are provided. The electron microscope can stably set and efficiently heat a sample to observe and measure high temperature physical properties such as phase transformation, phase transition and the like required for development of a heat resistant material. In the method of operating the electron microscope and the electron microscope, a sample to be observed is set so as to position at a central hole of a double spiral flat filament, the detachable heating stage is fixed to the heating holder using screws of a pivot, and the heating stage is tilted by vertical movement of a crank-shaped arm. The heating stage and the arm are insulated from each other by an insulating body, and current from a power source is conducted by a conductor wire to heat the filament.

Abstract: In a network management system in which a management application performs management operations on respective managed objects in a communication network, a template management portion stores a processing sequence described by the user into a database, and when a start request is given from a management application, a processing sequence execution portion issues a table generating request to an internal table generating portion. The internal table generating portion generates tables and then delivers an end report and the generated tables to the processing sequence execution portion, so that the processing sequence execution portion executes management operations for managed objects on the basis of the set of tables. The aforementioned processing is repeated whenever a start-up request arises from the management application. Thus, a user not only can describe behavior of management services without consciousness of a program language but also can execute management operations by describing the behavior.

Abstract: To restore the efficiency of a platinum catalyst used for engine exhaust purification that has temporarily deteriorated through oxidation, the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, or an air-fuel ratio set to a richer value than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine, is applied. The engine running condition and a decrease of catalyst oxidation are detected, and a recovery treatment temperature depending on the degree of oxidation is set. An engine running condition range suited to performing recovery treatment is set based on this recovery treatment temperature. By determining whether or not the running condition is within this range and applying a recovery treatment air-fuel ratio, recovery treatment is performed only under conditions satisfying the recovery treatment temperature. Recovery treatment is therefore performed efficiently, while increase of fuel costs and worsening of exhaust gas composition due to recovery treatment at low temperature are kept to a minimum.

Abstract: A disk loading mechanism includes disk cartridge positioning pins integrally formed in the base of a chassis portion thereof. In addition, at one side of the base of the chassis, a hooked portion is provided for securing a printed ciruit board to a lower side of the chassis. In addition, the base plate of the chassis mounts a damper fox smoothly controlling slider movement in a recess such that an overall height of the unit is reduced. According to such construction, reliable operation is assured with a reduced number of parts, such that manufacturing complexity and costs can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: A specimen cartridge fashioned of a good thermal conductor, with an outer frame being fashioned of heat insulating material, and with a connecting rod being fashioned of a poor thermal conductor. A temperature distribution of the specimen is uniform and a temperature drift is reduced, with a thermal expansion of a specimen cartridge tilting rod not affecting the tilting angle, thereby making it possible to perform various highly accurate observations and measurements with an electron microscope.

Abstract: An analytical electron microscope automatically identifies objects in a sample on the basis of shape of the object, change of thickness of the object and/or change of element (such as change of element type or concentration). Therefore, the operator of the analytical electron microscope can specify a desired object, and an example or examples of that object in a sample can be identified automatically. The characteristics need to identify the object are determined by detecting the effect of the sample on the electron beam of the analytical electron microscope, using, for example, an energy dispersive type X-ray analyzer and an electron energy loss spectrometer. Once an example of the object has been identified, it may be analyzed further. The analytical electron microscope may also analyze a sample to identify and classify the objects present.

Abstract: TFTs with an inverted stagger structure are fabricated according to the invention as follows; a glass substrate after depositing amorphous silicon (a-Si) thereupon is transferred to a laser annealing chamber which is kept in non-oxidation ambient and provided with a sample holder and a substrate heating mechanism. The substrate is fixed on the sample holder, then subjected to laser annealing while being heated from the glass substrate side, thereby growing polycrystalline silicon having substantially improved crystallinity, on which a-Si is further deposited. According to this process of the invention, it is capable of forming TFTs having a higher mobility and a smaller leakage current in the periphery of the substrate, with addition of almost no changes to the process and device structures of conventional TFTs which constitute pixels, and even more the peripheral drive circuitry is capable of being integrated in the display substrate.