Abstract: A carbonaceous material has a plane space d002 of a (002) plane less than 0.337 nm in an X-ray wide angle diffraction method, a crystallite size (Lc) of 90 nm or higher, an R value, as a peak intensity ratio of a peak intensity of 1360 cm−1 to a peak intensity of 1580 cm−1 in a Raman spectrum in use of an argon ion laser, of 0.20 or higher, and a tap density of 0.75 g/cm3 or higher. Also disclosed is a multilayer structure carbonaceous material for electrode, which is manufactured by carbonizing some organic compounds where the carbonaceous material for electrode is mixed with the organic compounds. The battery using the carbonaceous material for electrode or the multilayer structure carbonaceous material for electrode has a large capacity, a small irreversible capacity admitted in the initial cycle, excellent capacity maintaining rate of the cycle, and particularly, largely improved quick charging and discharging characteristics.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of treating medical wastes composed mainly of plastics materials, in which microwaves are applied to the medical wastes, and also circulating hot air is applied to the medical wastes, and preferably the microwaves are applied to the medical wastes in a concentrated manner during an initial stage of the treatment at which water contained in the medical wastes is heated and mostly evaporated. Apparatus for performing this treatment method includes a sealed apparatus body having a medical waste introduction door and hot air outlet and inlet and, a medical waste receiving vessel for being received in the sealed apparatus body, and a hot air circulating line interconnecting the hot air outlet and inlet and the circulating line has a hot air heater and a hot air circulating blower.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of treating medical wastes composed mainly of plastic materials, in which microwaves are applied to the medical wastes, and also circulating hot air is applied to the medical wastes, and preferably the microwaves are applied to the medical wastes in a concentrated manner during an initial stage of the treatment at which water contained in the medical wastes is heated and mostly evaporated. Apparatus for performing this treatment method includes a sealed apparatus body having a medical waste introduction door and hot air outlet and inlet and, a medical waste receiving vessel for being received in the sealed apparatus body, and a hot air circulating line interconnecting the hot air outlet and inlet and the circulating line has a hot air heater and a hot air circulating blower.

Abstract: Medical wastes are placed in a medical waste container which is then placed in a closed apparatus body. The container is heated by a heater so that the medical wastes are sterilized and melted or softened. The container containing the medical wastes is then compressed and molded by a compression device. The compression-molded product containing the medical wastes and the container is then discharged from a door of the apparatus body. Alternatively, medical wastes are heat-sterilized by operating a microwave generator. The microwave generator is controlled by detecting the concentration of the combustible gases contained in the exhaust gases discharged from a closed apparatus body, the concentration of hydrogen chloride gas and/or a ratio of reflected power to incident power by using a power monitor connected to a waveguide of the microwave generator. At the same time, hot air can also be circulated.

Abstract: A boiling type cooling device for cooling power semiconductors includes an evaporator containing an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol as a cooling medium, a condenser; and a vapor and liquid return pipe. According to a first aspect, the lowest portion of the condensor is at a level higher than the top surface of the cooling medium in the evaporator, the bottom surfaces of the condensor being tilted downward toward the top end of the liquid return pipe. According to another aspect, a pump is provided in the liquid return pipe for driving cooling medium to the evaporator. According to still other aspects, the liquid return pipe is covered with a heat insulating material, or a rubber string extends centrally therewithin. A deaeration device for the aqueous solution of ethylene glycol includes two separate deaeration baths and a mixing bath.

Abstract: Manufacture of granulated self-sintering carbonaceous pulverulent body suitable for precise complicated molding in high speed productivity is conducted in the presence of a wetting agent and a binding agent in the water-pulverulent mixture by using spray drying machine in the atmosphere of the hot air kept at a temperature up to 200.degree. C. optionally in admixture with superheated steam kept at a temperature up to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A graphitic or carbonaceous molding comprising graphite powder and a mesophase-containing pitch is obtained by suspending graphite powder in a tar, heating the suspension while blowing an inert gas therein to form the mesophase-containing pitch on the graphite particles to obtain carbonaceous precursors and molding/carbonizing or graphitizing the carbonaceous precursors.

Abstract: Mesophase pitch containing quinoline soluble mesophase is produced from a pitch having a specific aromatic hydrogen content with a short heat treatment time without conducting any special treatment such as extraction.

Abstract: A polycyclic diol is produced by a hydroformylation of a polycyclic bridged ring olefinic compound having another double bond, formyl or methylol group, in the presence of a cobalt compound and a phosphine as a catalyst in the presence of a saturated hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon.Polycyclic diols such as tricyclodecanedimethylol are useful for hardeners for non-solvent type lacquers polyurethanes having heat resistant and chemical resistance or epoxy resins.