Abstract: A camera module is provided with: an imaging element which is formed in a rectangular shape and has a plurality of pads provided to a back surface opposite from an imaging surface; a substrate where, on the same plane, a plurality of linear conductors are lined up in parallel and have an insulating coating in a rectangular shape such that the side of one end and the other end in the direction of extension of the conductors is shorter than one side of the imaging element, the conductors at the one end and the other end being exposed at a plate surface front and/or back; and a low-melting-point electroconductive material for connecting, to each of the pads, the conductors of the one end that are exposed due to one end surface of the substrate being abutted against the back surface.

Abstract: This camera module comprises: an imaging element which is formed in a rectangular shape and to which is provided a plurality of pads on the rear, which is the reverse side from the image capture surface; a wire positioning/fixing body which fixes together a plurality of parallel wires extending in a direction approximately perpendicular to the rear surface, and has each of the conductors of the wires protrude from the opposing end surface which is parallel to the rear surface in accordance with to each of the pads; and electro-conductive materials which conduct electricity from the tip of the conductors to each of the plurality of pads.

Abstract: A camera module is provided with: an imaging element which is formed in a rectangular shape and has a plurality of pads provided to a back surface opposite from an imaging surface; a substrate where, on the same plane, a plurality of linear conductors are lined up in parallel and have an insulating coating in a rectangular shape such that the side of one end and the other end in the direction of extension of the conductors is shorter than one side of the imaging element, the conductors at the one end and the other end being exposed at a plate surface front and/or back; and a low-melting-point electroconductive material for connecting, to each of the pads, the conductors of the one end that are exposed due to one end surface of the substrate being abutted against the back surface.

Abstract: A three-dimensional image communication terminal can make communication in which there are a sense of being engaged on a place and a sense of reality by use of a three-dimensional image with naturalness and a high robust characteristic. A three-dimensional image communication terminal includes a three-dimensional image input section, a transmitting section that transmits an input image to a communication partner after image processing, a three-dimension image display section which monitor-displays a human image or an object image which was shot, and a telephone calling section which receives three-dimensional image information from a partner and communicates with the other end by voice. The three-dimensional image display section includes an integral photography type horizontal/vertical parallax display device.

Abstract: A projection-type three-dimensional image display apparatus includes a projector, a screen and an image former. The projector projects a plurality of element images containing parallax information to a two-dimensional plane. An image is formed on the screen, of a light transmittance that is electrically controlled by the projector. An image former forms a three-dimensional image having a vertical parallax and a horizontal parallax in a space in front of the screen from the projection image.

Abstract: A projection-type three-dimensional image display apparatus includes a projector, a screen and an image former. The projector projects a plurality of element images containing parallax information to a two-dimensional plane. An image is formed on the screen, of a light transmittance that is electrically controlled by the projector. An image former forms a three-dimensional image having a vertical parallax and a horizontal parallax in a space in front of the screen from the projection image.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a three-dimensional image display apparatus which can reproduce a three-dimensional image having an appearance of solidity with a simple configuration. The three-dimensional image reproduction apparatus includes: a display device 2 for displaying two-dimensional element images having a plurality of horizontal and vertical parallax images 1 containing information on a parallax and an image at the time of reproducing a three-dimensional solid image 7; and a lens 3 for forming the three-dimensional solid image 7 at a predetermined spatial intersection from the element images displayed by the display device 2. Here, the lens 3 diffracts the element images and forms the three-dimensional image by the use of a diffraction effect when the element images are emitted from the display device 2.

Abstract: A three-dimensional image communication terminal can make communication in which there are a sense of being engaged on a place and a sense of reality by use of a three-dimensional image with naturalness and a high robust characteristic. A three-dimensional image communication terminal includes a three-dimensional image input section, a transmitting section that transmits an input image to a communication partner after image processing, a three-dimension image display section which monitor-displays a human image or an object image which was shot, and a telephone calling section which receives three-dimensional image information from a partner and communicates with the other end by voice. The three-dimensional image display section includes an integral photography type horizontal/vertical parallax display device.

Abstract: The invention provides a three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus that enables stable provision of a three-dimensional image display by preventing occurrence of crosstalk between adjacent lenses or adjacent hologram optical elements and eliminating shift of a three-dimensional image. The three-dimensional image reproduce apparatus of the invention includes an array of adjacent optical elements, which is an array of lenticular lens, an fly-eye lens array and an array of hologram optical elements, and a cross-talk prevent part preventing cross-talk between the adjacent optical elements and having an image source providing a plurality of images each of which has a different parallax information.

Abstract: The present invention provides a projection-type three-dimensional image reproducing apparatus that enables stable provision of a three-dimensional image display by preventing occurrence of crosstalk between adjacent lenses or adjacent hologram optical elements and eliminating shift of a three-dimensional image when a steroscopic image is reproduced by use of a lenticular lens array, a fly-eye lens array, or a hologram optical element. The three-dimension image reproduce apparatus includes an array of adjoining optical elements, which is an array of lenticular lens, a fly-eye lens array or an array of hologram optical elements, and a cross-talk prevent part preventing cross-talk between the adjoining optical elements.

Abstract: A screen for imaging a group picture of view point pictures is arranged and a screen shake detecting means and a means for correcting and controlling the group picture of the view point pictures projected on a screen to a proper position are provided.

Abstract: The invention displays a lattice fringe on a spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal panel or a digital mirror device panel, irradiates it with laser beams in three primary colors red, green and blue, and uses a primary diffracted beam created by the lattice fringe as an image recording reference beam. On moving the lattice fringe on the spatial light modulator on the modulator, a phase of the diffracted beam shifts due to a movement of a fringe, a phase shift amount of the beam is proportionate to an amount of movement of the fringe, and becomes unconnected to a wavelength of the beam. By this method, as an optical phase can be accurately shifted rendering unnecessary a device for detecting or regulating the optical phase, a system configuration of an image recording apparatus becomes simple.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a three-dimensional image display apparatus which can reproduce a three-dimensional image having an appearance of solidity with a simple configuration. The three-dimensional image reproduction apparatus includes: a display device 2 for displaying two-dimensional element images having a plurality of horizontal and vertical parallax images 1 containing information on a parallax and an image at the time of reproducing a three-dimensional solid image 7; and a lens 3 for forming the three-dimensional solid image 7 at a predetermined spatial intersection from the element images displayed by the display device 2. Here, the lens 3 diffracts the element images and forms the three-dimensional image by the use of a diffraction effect when the element images are emitted from the display device 2.

Abstract: Having an object of providing a three-dimensional image communication terminal which can make communication in which there are sense of being engaged on a place and sense of reality by use of a three-dimensional image with naturalness and a high robust characteristic, in a three-dimensional image communication terminal of the present invention, disposed are a three-dimensional image input section, means of transmitting an input image to a communication partner after image processing, a three-dimension image display section which monitor-displays a human image or an object image which was shot, and a telephone calling section which receives three-dimensional image information from a partner and communicates with the other end by voice, and the three-dimensional image display section is composed of an integral photography type horizontal/vertical parallax display device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lead frame for semiconductor devices having an outer lead part improved in solder wettability which comprises i. a substrate comprising an alloy comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, iron and (nickel and copper and iron), ii. an inner lead part having a surface treated layer A, the surface treated layer A comprising silver or an alloy comprising silver, and iii. an outer lead part having a surface treated layer B, the surface treated layer B comprising silver and tin, or copper and tin, wherein the surface treated layer B has on its surface an oxidized layer comprising tin and oxygen, the atomic ratio of oxygen to tin in the oxidized layer is 0.5-1.8 and the thickness of the layer is not more than 20 nm.

Abstract: A lead frame made from Ni, a Ni alloy, Cu, a Cu alloy, Fe or an Fe alloy, comprising an inner lead part with a surface treatment layer of Ag or a Ag-containing alloy and an outer lead part with a surface treatment layer of an alloy containing Ag and Sn, wherein the latter surface treatment layer has a brightness of not less than 0.6 and Sn has the body-centered tetragonal lattice with the crystal orientation indices of from 1.5 to 5 at the (220) plane, not more than 0.9 at the (211) plane and not less than 0.5 at the (200) plane. The surface treatment layer is plated with utilization of a plating solution which contains one or more selected from alkane sulfonic acid, alkanol sulfonic acid and sulfamine acid as the acid component, one or more of tin methane-sulfonate and SnO as a tin salt, and one or more slected from silver methane-sulfonate, Ag2O and AgO as a silver salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lead frame for semiconductor devices having an outer lead part improved in solder wettability which comprises

Abstract: In a lead frame formed out of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of nickel and nickel alloys, copper and copper alloys and iron and iron alloys, the inner lead part is provided with a surface treatment layer of Ag or an alloy containing silver and the outer lead part is provided at least with a surface treatment layer of an alloy containing silver and tin of the body-centered cubic structure preferentially oriented in the (101) plane and/or the (211) plane. According to the above-mentioned structure, a semiconductor device that uses a lead frame for electronic parts which does not contain lead, one of the environmentally harmful pollutants, has good characteristics including solder wettability and bonding strength and is of low cost and a process for producing the device are provided.

Abstract: An ink-jet head for injecting ink into a work piece, has an ink passage in which the ink is received, and a pair of electrodes in the ink passage for heating electrically and vaporizing thermally the ink to generate an ink-jet toward the work piece, wherein a crystal grain diameter of the electrodes is not less than 0.1 .mu.m, a total orientation deviation of (002) or (011) crystal orientation face of the electrodes with respect to a direction perpendicular to an electrode layer thickness direction is decreased, and/or a surface roughness of the electrodes is not less than 0.005 .mu.m, so that oxidation and corrosion of the electrodes are restrained.