Abstract: A microscope stage of this invention includes an upper stage, a handle shaft rotatably supported on the upper stage, a pulley rotatably supported on the upper stage in a position different from the handle shaft, a lower stage directly driven and guided with respect to the upper stage and a transmission member for interlocking the handle shaft, pulley and lower stage.

Abstract: While a plurality of cellular mobile communication systems have their respective service areas regionally overlapping each other in part, a mobile station is configured to perform a standby for calling or communication while selecting one of the plural systems in the overlapping areas, and is arranged as follows: the mobile station preliminarily stores cell information notified of by a base station and indicating whether the mobile station is transferable to each surrounding cell while maintaining the current system; when the arrival of transfer timing to a surrounding cell is detected, the mobile station extracts the information about the pertinent cell and judges whether the surrounding cell is a transferable cell, based on the cell information; when the surrounding cell is a transferable cell, the mobile station transfers to the surrounding cell; when the surrounding cell is not a transferable cell, the mobile station directly transfers to a cell of a different system.

Abstract: An optical disc recording method, comprises the steps of:a) forming a record signal in accordance with input information; b) generating a recording laser beam modulated with the record signal; c) controlling a laser radiation time at a record power for a 16x or higher write-speed to be (n+K)T for a pit length nT, where n=three to eleven, K is a constant (0≦K≦1.6), and T is a unit time corresponding to a pit length or a land length at a write-speed; and d) radiating the recording laser beam alternately at the recording power for the controlled radiating time to form pits and at a non-recording power to form lands toward a record surface of a recordable optical disc.

Abstract: A strategy process used for recording data on an optical disk is also used during DC erase is performed. Effects similar to those obtained in the case, in which a high frequency signal is superposed on a laser diode output current during the DC erase, can be obtained by performing the strategy process on the laser diode output current during the DC erase. This eliminates the necessity for generating high-level and high-frequency signals. Consequently, an apparatus can be constructed at low cost.

Abstract: A microscope stage of this invention includes an upper stage, a handle shaft rotatably supported on the upper stage, a pulley rotatably supported on the upper stage in a position different from the handle shaft, a lower stage directly driven and guided with respect to the upper stage and a transmission member for interlocking the handle shaft, pulley and lower stage.

Abstract: A microscope stage of this invention includes an upper stage, a handle shaft rotatably supported on the upper stage, a pulley rotatably supported on the upper stage in a position different from the handle shaft, a lower stage directly driven and guided with respect to the upper stage and a transmission member for interlocking the handle shaft, pulley and lower stage.

Abstract: A fluorescent microscope to observe a specimen dyed with a plurality of fluorescent dyes comprises a first filter which selectively transmitting light from a light source, a dichroic mirror which leads an light transmitting the first filter to the specimen and transmits fluorescence from the specimen, a second filter which selectively transmitting fluorescence from the specimen, a changing section to change at least one transmitting wavelength bands of the first filter and the second filter, a detection section to detect the wavelength selected by the changing section, an imaging element which images an image of the specimen, and an identification section to identify a kind and the position of the fluorescent dyes with which the specimen is dyed based on a wavelength data obtained from the detection section before and after a change in the transmitting wavelength band by the wavelength change section and a change in the image according to a change in the transmitting wavelength band.

Abstract: The present invention is an automatic focal point detection device. In a broad visual field and high resolution observation, when focusing is impossible in a splitting visual field obtained by splitting a specimen in a visual field in plural number, a stage is moved to an in-focus position stored in advance and focusing is executed. Besides the device is provided with an excitation light shutter for intercepting an excitation light with which a specimen is irradiated and when stray light corresponding to a difference detected by closing and opening the shutter in fluorescence observation is smaller than a specific value, specimen search is performed and focusing is executed at a level exceeding stray light, while the difference is equal to or larger than the specific value, focusing is executed with nothing more done.

Abstract: In an optical disk recording device for irradiating a recording light beam onto an optical disk to form pits having lengths ranging from 3Ts to 11Ts (where T represents a length of a unit time period in a longitudinal direction of a pit track), a sample and hold circuit samples and holds levels of a reflection signal, representative of a reflection of the recording light beam from the optical disk, for a predetermined time period between points of 1T and 3Ts after the start of a rising edge of the reflection signal. Comparator circuit makes a comparison between the sampled and held levels of the reflection signal and a predetermined reference level. Automatic laser power control circuit controls the power of the recording light beam on the basis of a result of the comparison by the comparator circuit. With such an arrangement, the recording power of the light beam can be controlled promptly with increased accuracy.

Abstract: A microscope includes a stage on which a specimen is placed, a light source for illuminating the specimen, an objective lens for passing an illumination light from the specimen, an image formation system for forming an optical image of the specimen, a monitor for displaying as a visible picture the optical image of the specimen obtained from the image formation system, and an observation condition switch for switching the observation condition for the specimen from one to another. In particular, the optical axis extending from the light source to the image formation system is horizontal over the floor and various controls constituting the observation condition switch are mounted intensively on one side of a main body of the microscope.

Abstract: A refractory metal film such as a cobalt (Co) film of 10 nm in thickness is formed on a silicon substrate. Ion implantation of silicon ions is then performed through the cobalt film with energy of 10 keV and a dose of 3.times.10.sup.16 /cm.sup.2. Through the silicon ion implantation, silicon atoms are implanted in the cobalt film while crystal damage is produced in silicon crystal at a cobalt/silicon interface. The crystal damage allows silicon atoms consumed for a silicidation reaction for forming a cobalt silicide film to exist as atoms not forming a crystal. Activation energy for the silicidation reaction is thus reduced. The reaction for silicidation is completed in a short time. As a result, a reduction in thickness of the cobalt film due to surface oxidation is suppressed. A thick cobalt silicide film is formed as well without reducing the amount of cobalt consumed for silicidation. Sheet resistance of the cobalt silicide film is thus reduced.

Abstract: A focal point adjustment apparatus applied to an optical apparatus with a projection optical system, comprises, an object lens, a stage on which a plate member on which a subject is put for measurement is placed, provision unit for providing the thickness of the plate member for measurement, determining unit for determining data on the distance between the object lens and the stage on the basis of the thickness of the plate member for measurement provided by the provision unit, and focusing unit for adjusting the distance between the object lens and the stage on the basis of the data on the distance between the object lens and the stage determined by the determining unit.

Abstract: An incident-light fluorescence microscope including: (i) a transmission illuminating optical system which has a first optical member for receiving light emitted from a light source and extracting transmitted light and which irradiates the transmitted light onto a sample, and (ii) an observation optical system which has an objective lens and a second optical member and which is positioned closer to the objective lens than the sample. An incident-light fluorescence illuminating optical system is provided in the observation optical system, wherein the first optical member has a peak of transmittance at a wavelength longer than the fluorescent wavelength, and the second optical member selectively modulates only a wavelength transmitted through the first optical member.

Abstract: An alignment error measurement pattern includes a plurality of wiring patterns and a plurality of opening patterns formed in an insulating film covering the wiring patterns. The edges of the wiring patterns and the opening patterns correspond to each other to constitute sets, and distances between them are all different from one set to another. Corresponding wiring pattern and opening pattern in the same set are or are not in contact with each other depending on the alignment error between them. Therefore, the alignment error between the wiring pattern and the opening pattern can be electrically measured by checking the conduction state between them. Hence, an alignment error of a semiconductor device can be measured at high precision, and easily even after the manufacture.

Abstract: A microscope includes an observation optical system having at least an optical axis, an eyepiece unit, and an objective lens unit, and a frame for arranging the observation optical system thereon. The frame has a Y-shaped body, constituted by forming a first foot extending along the optical axis, a second foot extending along the optical axis, and a base located immediately under the optical axis to substantially form a Y shape within an installation surface, and an arm member connected to the Y-shaped body and having at least the eyepiece unit and the objective lens unit mounted thereon.

Abstract: A reflected fluorescence microscope is used to observe a fluorescent image of a stained specimen by reflected illumination, and includes a light source, an excitation filter for converting light from the light source into a plurality of narrow-band excitation lights, a dichroic mirror for reflecting the narrow-band excitation lights emerging from the excitation filter toward the specimen and transmitting therethrough the light emerging from the specimen, an absorption filter for absorbing an extra wavelength component from light emerging from the dichroic mirror and transmitting therethrough a wavelength component of the fluorescent image, an optical system for forming the fluorescent image of the specimen from the wavelength component transmitted through the absorption filter, and a transmission wavelength shifting filter for adjusting the ratio of the quantities of light in units of fluorochromes.

Abstract: A microscope illuminating apparatus includes a light-shielding tube surrounding an objective lens, detachably mounted on a revolver of a system microscope in order to guide illumination light to irradiate an observation field, thus separating an illumination optical path and an observation optical path. An annular illuminating section serving as a light source of the illumination light is provided at a position to oppose an end portion aperture of the illumination optical path in the revolver.

Abstract: An apparatus for photographing an image of a sample observed through a microscope comprises a photometry region designating unit, an optical member for superimposing an image of an indicator light beam on an image of an object light beam, an area sensor, a reflecting member for reflecting the object light beam and the indicator light beam and guiding them to the area sensor, a photometry region determining unit, a photometry unit, and a photographing unit. The photometry region designating unit generates an indicator light beam which is movable in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the object light beam output from an objective lens. The photometry region determining unit stores a photometry signal supplied from the area sensor in correspondence with a position of a light receiving plane, detects the position of the light receiving plane, on which the indicator light is projected, by using the photometry signal, and determines a photometry region based on the detected position.

Abstract: A microscope has a plural number of objective lenses switchable from one to another, a memory circuit for storing parfocality data for the individual objective lenses, and a correcting device for correcting imaging conditions on the basis of the parfocality data for an objective lens currently used and another objective lens to be selected for microscopy. The microscope is capable of always providing favorably focused condition even when the objective lenses are switched from one to another for changing observation magnification levels.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus for microscopes is constructed so that a simultaneous observation is made by overlapping an image of a sample formed by transmitted illumination with that formed by reflected fluorescence, in which signals for designating the simultaneous observation at once cause a second shutter for the transmitted illumination to be closed and a first shutter for the reflected fluorescence to be opened, the brightness of the sample image formed by the reflected fluorescence is measured by a light-detecting element disposed in an optical path for observation, and after a light-adjusting member for the transmitted illumination is controlled so that, based on data outputted from a memory device corresponding to a measured value, the brightness of the sample image by the transmitted illumination in the simultaneous observation is balanced with that of the sample image by the reflected fluorescence, the second shutter is opened.