Abstract: An ink contains water, a coloring material, a resin, and an organic solvent, wherein the dried layer of the ink has a surface free energy ?S having a polar component ?Sp of from 3.5 to 20 J/m2 at 25 degrees C.

Abstract: A spool for a fastener strip includes a cylinder comprising a substantially U-shaped recess or protrusion for accommodating a turn in the fastener strip such that an upstream portion and a downstream portion of the fastener strip can point in the same direction. The recess or protrusion allows the strip to be wound onto the spool in such a manner that when the strip is unwound, there is a sufficiently long lead of fastener strip to allow an operator to replace the emptied spool with a new spool and to splice an upstream end of the strip from the emptied spool with a downstream end of the strip from the new spool.

Abstract: According to the process for producing a heat-shrinkable film of the present invention, a roll-like product 10 of a heat-shrinkable film is produced by winding a heat-shrinkable film 12 while maintaining the controlled water content of a paper-pipe core 11 at not more than 8.5% around the paper-pipe core 11 which has a coefficient of friction ? on the surface of the paper-pipe core 11 of not less than 0.3, and the water content (A) of not more than 8.0% after it is dried at 105° C. for 20 hours and then allowed to stand in an environment of 20° C. and a relative humidity of 65% for 168 hours.

Abstract: A polymer composition useful for controlling the formation, growth and/or agglomeration of clathrate hydrate comprising two different polymers, designated Polymer x and Polymer y respectively, characterized in that Polymer x is a material whose In(WBF) is greater than that of Polymer y, which satisfy the following conditions: a) In(WBF) of x-In(WBF) of y is greater than 3 and b) the Synergism Index is greater than 0.05.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are clathrate hydrate inhibitors and the method of inhibiting the formation, agglomeration, and deposition of clathrate hydrate using the inhibitors. The clathrate hydrate inhibitor comprises a macromolecular compound in which 3-15 membered ring pendant is connected to the polymer main chain via a specific spacer group such as homo- or co-polymer of (meth)acryloyl pyrrolidine, pyrrolidinocarbonylethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-oxo-pyrrolidino-ethyl (meth)acrylate, glyoxyloyl pyrrolidine, pyrrolidinocarbonyl aspartate.

Abstract: The invention provides a production process of a water-absorbent resin, by which process the polymerization temperature can be controlled in static aqueous solution polymerization. The production process of a water-absorbent resin comprises the step of polymerizing statically an aqueous solution with a thickness of 10˜50 mm including a hydrophilic monomer, and is characterized in that the polymerization heat is removed using both cooling due to heat conduction transfer and cooling due to the latent heat of vaporization, thereby controlling the maximum attained temperature of the polymerization system in the range of 60˜95°C. or controlling the increase in solid content in the range of 0.2 to 10 weight %.

Abstract: A process for producing water-absorbent resins having an average particle diameter of 100 to 600 .mu.m and a particle diameter distribution of 0.35 or less by polymerizing an aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, pulverizing and sieving the polymer so obtained, and crosslinking the surface of the polymer powder.

Abstract: Inexpensive absorbing agent and method for readily and satisfactorily collecting and removing a surfactant from a solution, such as a surfactant-containing liquid waste, are provided. The absorbing agent includes, for example, a crosslinked polymer having a polyoxyalkylene chain. The surfactant is absorbed by bringing the above-arranged absorbing agent into contact with the solution. A particularly preferable crosslinked polymer is produced by crosslinking polyalkylene glycol or polymerizing a monomeric component including a monomer based on (meta)acrylic ester expressed by General Formula below:CH.sub.2 .dbd.CR--CO--(X.sup.1).sub.n --Y.sup.1where R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, X.sup.1 is an oxyalkylene group having up to 5 carbon atoms, Y.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group having up to 5 carbon atoms, a phenoxy group, or an oxyalkylphenyl group having up to 3 alkyl groups each having up to 9 carbon atoms as a substitutional group, and n is a positive number ranging from 3-100 in average.

Abstract: A process for producing a 2-fluorocyclopropane-carboxylic acid of formula ?I! ##STR1## by reducing a 2-halo-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid of formula ?II! ##STR2## the reduction being carried out by developing a Raney nickel alloy in the presence of the 2-halo-2-fluorocyclo-propanecarboxylic acid of formula ?II!, or by contacting the 2-halo-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid of formula ?II! with hydrogen in an aqueous solvent using a Raney nickel catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing a high-molecular-weight polydioxolane, which includes the steps of: polymerizing 1,3-dioxolane using a polymerization catalyst comprising a heteropolyacid and a ketone; and neutralizing the resulting polymerization reaction product using an organic amine and/or ammonia. A hydrophilic film, which includes a resin including a polydioxolane and having a particular molecular weight and has a particular crystallinity and a particular spherulite's size. A film crumbly in cold water is produced by forming a film under particular forming conditions from a resin including a polydioxolane and having a particular molecular weight, or by subjecting an already formed film to particular thermal hysteresis.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing with industrially good efficiency a polyester having a high melting point and biodegradability. In this process, ring-opening copolymerization of a cyclic acid anhydride containing succinic anhydride as a main component with a cyclic ether containing ethylene oxide as a main component is carried out in the presence of a catalyst by introducing successively the cyclic ether into a reaction vessel containing the cyclic acid anhydride in a melting state or solution state. The rate per hour of introducing the cyclic ether is within the range of 3 to 90 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the cyclic acid anhydride, and the reaction vessel has an inside pressure within the range of atmospheric pressure to 50 kgf/cm.sup.2 as a gauge pressure.

Abstract: Water-absorbent resins having an average particle diameter of 100 to 600 .mu.m and a particle diameter distribution of 0.35 or less are prepared by polymerizing an aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, pulverizing and sieving the gel-like polymer so obtained, and crosslinking the surface of the polymer powder. In an alternative process, an aqueous solution of the monomer having a viscosity greater than 15 cps is dispersed in a hydrophobic organic solvent and polymerized to obtain a polymer powder, and the surface of the polymer powder is crosslinked.

Abstract: Water-absorbent resins having an average particle diameter of 100 to 600 .mu.m and a particle diameter distribution of 0.35 or less are prepared by polymerizing an aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, pulverizing and sieving the gel-like polymer so obtained, and crosslinking the surface of the polymer powder. In an alternative process, an aqueous solution of the monomer having a viscosity greater than 15 cps is dispersed in a hydrophobic organic solvent and polymerized to obtain a polymer powder, and the surface of the polymer powder is crosslinked.

Abstract: This invention relates to a water-absorbent resin of a new, novel type obtained from polymerization of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a process for producing this resin.The water-absorbent resin in this invention has average particle diameter in a specially defined range and a narrow range of particle distribution, being superior in water-absorption capacity, and also, being superior in handling properties in a point of that, when being mixed with liquid, formation of a fish-eye is absent. The water-absorbent resin shows an angle-lacking, non-sphere shape and, in a case of shape like this, is superior in handling properties in a point that being hard in falling off from an basis material.