Abstract: A determination device includes an irradiator, an extractor, an imager, and a determiner, The irradiator irradiates an object including a food or a plant with a light. The extractor extracts a predetermined fluorescence emission having a predetermined wavelength out of fluorescence emissions generated from a surface of the object irradiated with the light. The imager captures a fluorescence image indicating the predetermined fluorescence emission. The determiner determines a state of the object based on an index indicating a fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence image.

Abstract: A film forming method is a method of forming a film on a substrate top face including a first region in which a metal or a semiconductor is exposed and a second region in which an insulator is exposed. The method includes a SAM forming process of forming a self-assembled monolayer film of a perfluoropolyether group-containing compound on the first region and a film growth process of forming a predetermined film on the second region after execution of SAM forming process.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing a fluorinated organic compound, the method being capable of removing a sulfur-containing substance to a high degree, or provide a composition containing a fluorinated organic compound with a low content of a sulfur-containing substance. The present disclosure relates to a method for producing a fluorinated organic compound (pf), the method comprising: [A] reaction step A of fluorinating an organic sulfur compound (ss) with a fluorinating agent to obtain a composition (?) containing a fluorinated organic compound (pf); and [B] post-treatment step B of reacting the composition (?) with a nucleophile at a temperature of 40° C. or higher.

Abstract: Provided is a novel production method for a fluorinated organic compound (1), the method comprising step A of fluorinating a hydrogen atom-containing organic compound (2) using IF5 in a liquid composition comprising an organic solvent, the amount of the hydrogen atom-containing organic compound (2) being 1.8 mol or more per liter of the organic solvent.

Abstract: A film forming method is a method of forming a film on a substrate top face including a first region in which a metal or a semiconductor is exposed and a second region in which an insulator is exposed. The method includes a SAM forming process of forming a self-assembled monolayer film of a perfluoropolyether group-containing compound on the first region and a film growth process of forming a predetermined film on the second region after execution of SAM forming process.

Abstract: A perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of formula (1a) or (1b): (Rf-PFPE)?-X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1a) (RcmRblRakC)?—X-PFPE-X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1b) wherein the symbols are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of the formula (1): XRa?Rb?Rc???(1) wherein each symbols are as defined in the description.

Abstract: A surface-treating agent including at least one perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of the formula (1): wherein each of symbols is as defined herein, wherein a number average molecular weight of the perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound is 3000 or more and 6000 or less, and wherein 80 mol % or more of the perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound contained in the surface-treating agent is a compound wherein g is 2 or more.

Abstract: A surface-treating agent including at least one perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of the formula (1): wherein Rf, PFPE, Z, Q, R1, R2, X, Y, e, f, g, h and n are as defined herein. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the compound of formula (1).

Abstract: A perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of formula (1a) or (1b): (Rf-PFPE)?-X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1a) (RcmRblRakC)?—X-PFPE-X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1b) wherein the symbols are as defined herein.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel substance that has a high reactivity as a fluorinating agent, is effectively used in various fluorination reactions, and is safely handled even in air. As the solution for achieving this object, the present invention provides a complex obtained by reacting bromine trifluoride with at least one metal halide selected from the group consisting of halogenated metals and halogenated hydrogen metals in a nonpolar solvent. This complex serves as a fluorinating agent that provides excellent fluorination performance and that is stable in air.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of (Rf-PFPE)?-X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1a) (RcmRblRakC)?—X-PFPE-X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1b) wherein the symbols are as defined in the description.

Abstract: An article including a base material and a layer formed from a compound represented by the following formula (1) or from a surface-treating agent comprising the compound: wherein each of symbols is as defined in the description.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel substance that has a high reactivity as a fluorinating agent, is effectively used in various fluorination reactions, and is safely handled even in air. As the solution for achieving this object, the present invention provides a complex obtained by reacting bromine trifluoride with at least one metal halide selected from the group consisting of halogenated metals and halogenated hydrogen metals in a nonpolar solvent. This complex serves as a fluorinating agent that provides excellent fluorination performance and that is stable in air.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel substance that has a high reactivity as a fluorinating agent, is effectively used in various fluorination reactions, and is safely handled even in air. As the solution for achieving this object, the present invention provides a complex obtained by reacting bromine trifluoride with at least one metal halide selected from the group consisting of halogenated metals and halogenated hydrogen metals in a nonpolar solvent. This complex serves as a fluorinating agent that provides excellent fluorination performance and that is stable in air.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of (Rf-PFPE)?—X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1a) (RcmRblRakC)?—X—PFPE-X—(CRakRblRcm)???(1b) wherein the symbols are as defined in the description.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of the formula (1): XRa?Rb?Rc???(1) wherein each symbols are as defined in the description.

Abstract: A surface-treating agent including at least one perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of the formula (1): wherein each of symbols is as defined herein, wherein a number average molecular weight of the perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound is 3000 or more and 6000 or less, and wherein 80 mol % or more of the perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound contained in the surface-treating agent is a compound wherein g is 2 or more.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing ?-fluoroacrylic acid esters at a high starting material conversion and a high yield. The present invention provides, as a means to achieve the object, a process for producing a compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each represent alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl optionally substituted with at least one substituent, halogen, or hydrogen; and R3 represents alkyl, fluoroalkyl, or aryl optionally substituted with at least one substituent, the process comprising step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2): wherein the symbols are as defined above, with carbon monoxide and an alcohol represented by formula (3): R3—OH??(3) wherein the symbol is as defined above, in the presence of a transition metal complex catalyst containing at least one bidentate phosphine ligand and a base to thereby obtain the compound represented by formula (1).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing ?-fluoroacrylic acid esters at a high starting material conversion and a high yield. The present invention provides, as a means to achieve the object, a process for producing a compound represented by formula (1): wherein R2 and R2 are the same or different and each represent alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl optionally substituted with at least one substituent, halogen, or hydrogen; and R3 represents alkyl, fluoroalkyl, or aryl optionally substituted with at least one substituent, the process comprising step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2): wherein the symbols are as defined above, with carbon monoxide and an alcohol represented by formula (3): R3—OH??(3) wherein the symbol is as defined above, in the presence of a transition metal complex catalyst containing at least one bidentate phosphine ligand and a base to thereby obtain the compound represented by formula (1).