Abstract: A novel ionic liquid is provided. A highly safe secondary battery with high charge and discharge capacity is provided. The ionic liquid includes a cation represented by General Formula (G1) and an anion represented by Structural Formula (200). In the formula, X1 to X3 each independently represent any one of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. One of X1 to X3 may be hydrogen. In addition, n and m each independently represent 0 to 5. Furthermore, a secondary battery including the above-described ionic liquid is provided.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light to generate an electric charge; a first output unit that outputs a first signal based on the electric charge generated by the first photoelectric conversion unit; a plurality of second photoelectric conversion units that photoelectrically convert light to generate electric charges; a plurality of second output units that output second signals based on the electric charges generated by the second photoelectric conversion units; an output line to which the first output unit and the plurality of second output units are connected, and from which at least one of the first signal and the second signals is output; a first control line for controlling the output of the first signal from the first output unit; and second control lines for controlling the outputs of the second signals from the plurality of second output units.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first and a second pixel, each of which includes a first photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through a micro lens and generates a first charge, a second photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through the micro lens and generates a second charge, an accumulation unit that accumulates at least one of the first charge and the second charge, a first transfer unit that transfers the first charge to the accumulation unit, and a second transfer unit that transfers the second charge to the accumulation unit; and a control unit that outputs, to the first transfer unit of the first pixel and to the second transfer unit of the second pixel, a signal that causes the first charge of the first pixel and the second charge of the second pixel to be transferred to their accumulation units.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first and a second pixel, each of which includes a first photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through a micro lens and generates a first charge, a second photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through the micro lens and generates a second charge, an accumulation unit that accumulates at least one of the first charge and the second charge, a first transfer unit that transfers the first charge to the accumulation unit, and a second transfer unit that transfers the second charge to the accumulation unit; and a control unit that outputs, to the first transfer unit of the first pixel and to the second transfer unit of the second pixel, a signal that causes the first charge of the first pixel and the second charge of the second pixel to be transferred to their accumulation units.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first and a second pixel, each of which includes a first photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through a micro lens and generates a first charge, a second photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through the micro lens and generates a second charge, an accumulation unit that accumulates at least one of the first charge and the second charge, a first transfer unit that transfers the first charge to the accumulation unit, and a second transfer unit that transfers the second charge to the accumulation unit; and a control unit that outputs, to the first transfer unit of the first pixel and to the second transfer unit of the second pixel, a signal that causes the first charge of the first pixel and the second charge of the second pixel to be transferred to their accumulation units.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first pixel and a second pixel, each of which comprises a first photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through a micro lens and generates a first charge, a second photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through the micro lens and generates a second charge, an accumulation unit that accumulates at least one of the first charge and the second charge, a first transfer unit that transfers the first charge to the accumulation unit, and a second transfer unit that transfers the second charge to the accumulation unit; and a control unit that outputs, to the first transfer unit of the first pixel and to the second transfer unit of the second pixel, a signal that causes the first charge of the first pixel and the second charge of the second pixel to be transferred to their accumulation units.

Abstract: An in-vehicle control apparatus is configured to execute a collision degree calculation process of, when it is determined that gear rattle occurs, calculating a collision degree that indicates a magnitude of a collision between a sleeve chamfer and a gear chamfer based on a rotation speed difference between a sleeve and an idler gear, execute an index value calculation process of calculating an index value that correlates with wear and tear of the sleeve chamfer and the gear chamfer based on the collision degree that is calculated each time it is determined that gear rattle occurs, and execute a wear and tear degree calculation process of calculating a degree of wear and tear of the sleeve chamfer and the gear chamfer by integrating the index value that is calculated each time it is determined that gear rattle occurs.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light to generate an electric charge; a first output unit that outputs a first signal based on the electric charge generated by the first photoelectric conversion unit; a plurality of second photoelectric conversion units that photoelectrically convert light to generate electric charges; a plurality of second output units that output second signals based on the electric charges generated by the second photoelectric conversion units; an output line to which the first output unit and the plurality of second output units are connected, and from which at least one of the first signal and the second signals is output; a first control line for controlling the output of the first signal from the first output unit; and second control lines for controlling the outputs of the second signals from the plurality of second output units.

Abstract: An in-vehicle control apparatus is configured to execute a collision degree calculation process of, when it is determined that gear rattle occurs, calculating a collision degree that indicates a magnitude of a collision between a sleeve chamfer and a gear chamfer based on a rotation speed difference between a sleeve and an idler gear, execute an index value calculation process of calculating an index value that correlates with wear and tear of the sleeve chamfer and the gear chamfer based on the collision degree that is calculated each time it is determined that gear rattle occurs, and execute a wear and tear degree calculation process of calculating a degree of wear and tear of the sleeve chamfer and the gear chamfer by integrating the index value that is calculated each time it is determined that gear rattle occurs.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a synchronous meshing mechanism that is equipped with a gear, a sleeve, a synchronizer ring, and a hydraulic actuator is provided. When it is determined that the sleeve and the gear have been rotationally synchronized with each other in an engagement transition period of the synchronous meshing mechanism, an electronic control unit with which the control apparatus is equipped sets a command pressure for the hydraulic actuator to an intermediate pressure that is lower than a meshing completion pressure. Besides, when meshing has not been completed even after the lapse of a predetermined time from a timing when the command pressure for the hydraulic actuator is set to the intermediate pressure, the electronic control unit sets the command pressure for the hydraulic actuator to the meshing completion pressure.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicle drive-force transmitting apparatus including a dog clutch that is operated by an actuator to selectively connect and disconnect a drive-force transmitting path. In process of switching of the dog clutch from released state to engaged state, the control apparatus determines whether a rotational speed difference of the dog clutch is equal to or larger than a given difference value when a sleeve of the dog clutch is positioned on an engaging side of a synchronizing position for placing the dog clutch into the engaged state, and stops the switching of the dog clutch to the engaged state and causes the actuator to place the dog clutch back into the released state, when determining that the rotational speed difference is equal to or larger than the given difference value with the sleeve being positioned on the engaging side of the synchronizing position.

Abstract: In a control device of a vehicle including a first power transmission path transmitting a power through a belt-type continuously variable transmission and a second power transmission path transmitting a power through a reduction gear mechanism in parallel between an input shaft and an output shaft and including a dog clutch in series with the reduction gear mechanism in the second power transmission path, when the dog clutch is in an engagement transition state and a rotational speed change of the output shaft is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the engagement transition state of the dog clutch is canceled to release the dog clutch.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a synchronous meshing mechanism that is equipped with a gear, a sleeve, a synchronizer ring, and a hydraulic actuator is provided. When it is determined that the sleeve and the gear have been rotationally synchronized with each other in an engagement transition period of the synchronous meshing mechanism, an electronic control unit with which the control apparatus is equipped sets a command pressure for the hydraulic actuator to an intermediate pressure that is lower than a meshing completion pressure. Besides, when meshing has not been completed even after the lapse of a predetermined time from a timing when the command pressure for the hydraulic actuator is set to the intermediate pressure, the electronic control unit sets the command pressure for the hydraulic actuator to the meshing completion pressure.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through a microlens to generate electric charge; an accumulation unit that accumulates the electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit; and a transfer unit that transfers the electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit to the accumulation unit, wherein: the photoelectric conversion unit, the transfer unit, and the accumulation unit are provided along a direction of an optical axis of the microlens.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light and generates electric charge; a reflecting portion that reflects a portion of light passing through the photoelectric conversion unit toward the photoelectric conversion unit; a first output unit that outputs electric charge generated due to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric conversion unit of light reflected by the reflecting portion; and a second output unit that outputs electric charge generated due to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric conversion unit of light other than the light reflected by the reflecting portion.

Abstract: An image sensor having a plurality of pixels along a first direction includes: a first pixel having a first photoelectric conversion unit that generates an electric charge through photoelectric conversion and a reflecting portion disposed at least in a part of an area located in the first direction relative to a center of the first photoelectric conversion unit, which reflects part of light having been transmitted through the first photoelectric conversion unit toward the first photoelectric conversion unit; and a second pixel having a second photoelectric conversion unit that generates an electric charge through photoelectric conversion and a second reflecting portion disposed at least in a part of an area located in a direction opposite from the first direction relative to a center of the second photoelectric conversion unit, which reflects part of light having been transmitted through the second photoelectric conversion unit toward the second photoelectric conversion unit.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through a microlens to generate electric charge; an accumulation unit that accumulates the electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit; and a transfer unit that transfers the electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit to the accumulation unit, wherein: the photoelectric conversion unit, the transfer unit, and the accumulation unit are provided along a direction of an optical axis of the microlens.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first pixel and a second pixel, each of which comprises a first photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through a micro lens and generates a first charge, a second photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light that has passed through the micro lens and generates a second charge, an accumulation unit that accumulates at least one of the first charge and the second charge, a first transfer unit that transfers the first charge to the accumulation unit, and a second transfer unit that transfers the second charge to the accumulation unit; and a control unit that outputs, to the first transfer unit of the first pixel and to the second transfer unit of the second pixel, a signal that causes the first charge of the first pixel and the second charge of the second pixel to be transferred to their accumulation units.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a micro lens; a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts light passing through the micro lens and generates electric charge; and a reflecting portion that reflects a portion of light passing through the photoelectric conversion unit in a direction parallel to an optical axis of the micro lens and passing through the photoelectric conversion unit, and in a direction toward the photoelectric conversion unit.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light and generates electric charge; a reflection prevention portion that prevents reflection of at least a portion of light passing through the photoelectric conversion unit; and a reflecting portion that reflects a portion of light passing through the photoelectric conversion unit toward the photoelectric conversion unit.