Abstract: Disclosed is a living body measuring apparatus with a built-in weight meter, comprising: a measuring platform; and electrodes, whereby said measuring platform being constructed in two-layered configuration having inner and outer boards, said electrodes being arranged on said outer board to measure a living body impedance, and said outer board of the measuring platform being formed from a transparent plate. Therefore a paper bearing the caution notice or the description of operation can be affixed to the lower surface of the outer board because they are still visible through the transparent outer board. This obviates the tendency for a person to be measured to inevitably tread the paper with his soles for measurement. Furthermore, if the person mounts the outer board with his feet as wetted after taking a bath, there is no possibility to wet the paper, thereby preventing the paper from peeling off.

Abstract: A gradient index-type optical device produced by the ion exchange process, comprising: a transparent dielectric body having a refractive index distribution, and a refractive index distribution-adjusting portion disposed on at least a part of the transparent dielectric body. Because of the presence of the refractive-index distribution, the ion-exchange speed therethrough is controlled to provide a controlled refractive index distribution in the transparent dielectric body. As a result, a gradient index-type optical device having a large refractive index factor (g value) without substantial increase in aberration.

Abstract: A gradient index-type optical device is produced by the ion exchange process. First, a transparent dielectric body contacting an ion to be exchanged is provided with a light-absorbing portion containing also an ion to be exchanged and a coloring component at at least a part of the surface thereof. The transparent dielectric is soaked in or caused to contact a molten salt containing an ion providing a refracted index distribution for ion exchange. In the gradient index-transparent dielectric thus produced, the light-absorbing portion can have a refractive index continuous with that of the transparent dielectric body and a thermal expansion coefficient equal to or smaller than that of the transparent dielectric body, so that flare at the boundary and the stress fragility are alleviated. The optical device can also have a good size accuracy.

Abstract: An optical device having a variable optical surface is given by the combination of an elastic body and a relatively rigid member having an opening and disposed to contact the elastic body to expose a part of the surface of the elastic body. The exposed surface part forms a variable optical surface, the shape of which is changed by deforming the elastic body to vary the focal length.

Abstract: An array lens comprises a member having a plurality of arranged openings, an elastic member provided in intimate contact with the member and having its surface shape deformable by an extraneous pressure, and means for imparting a force to the elastic member to deform the surface shape of the elastic member in the openings of the member.

Abstract: An optical device having an elastic body sandwiched between typically two optical surfaces, which are capable of changing relative positions through deformation of the elastic body. The two optical surfaces may be given by, for example, parallel flat plate glasses or lenses. By changing the distnace or relative positions between the two optical surfaces, focusing or correction of chromatic aberration of photographic lenses, etc. can be effected.

Abstract: A process for producing optical elements comprises the steps of (a) causing a porous transparent base material to hold a photo-decomposable compound which will be decomposed by light irradiation and can make a change in an optical property of the base material in response to the concentration of the photolysis product or compound originated therefrom, and (b) irradiating the resulting base material with rays of light, thereby decomposing the compound in proportion to the exposure quantity decreasing in the light transmission direction, to form a distribution of the concentration of the photolysis product or compound originated therefrom changing in that direction, in the base material.

Abstract: Optical modulation is carried out by providing a transparent member having a surface, providing an elastomeric body disposed spaced apart from the surface, irradiating the surface with a light beam, and causing the elastomeric body to contact the surface so that the proportion of the light beam transmitted through the surface is changed.

Abstract: A variable focal length lens in which a lens comprising a transparent elastic member having a non-uniform distribution of refractive index is adapted to be deformed by an extraneous force.