Abstract: In program retrieval using a magnetic tape in which programs are classified by index signals recorded on the tape, an image at the beginning of each program is displayed in a list on a multi-screen, and a desired program is directly selected using a count value of index signals. In recording, an index signal is recorded at a starting point of recording. When preparing a multi-screen at the time of reproducing, an image reproduced a predetermined time after detection of an index signal is reduced and stored in a memory.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus which structures a band-divided digital image signal into three-dimensional blocks each having a plurality of pixels, discriminates each three-dimensional block between a moving image block and a static image block, and, in the case of a static image block, encodes only the three-dimensional blocks in the lower frequency bands while dropping the three-dimensional blocks in the higher frequency bands. However, of moving image blocks, blocks having a large pixel variance value are encoded as effective image blocks. Also, different size weightings are performed to transform coefficients depending on whether the block is discriminated as a moving image block or a static image block. Furthermore, shuffling is performed on a group of moving image blocks and a group of static image blocks independently of each other, and the transform coefficients for the static image blocks are quantized after quantizing all transform coefficients for the moving image blocks.