Abstract: A vehicle power supply system includes a power source control device that executes a process of switching a connection state of a driving circuit to the main power source and an auxiliary power source including; a process of switching the connection state so as to transition to a backup state as a voltage decrease of the main power source occurs, and a process of switching the connection state so as to transition to a normal state as the voltage decrease of the main power source is resolved. After a voltage decrease of the main power source occurs, a turning-side control device of a steering control unit sets an output-limited state for a turning-side motor. The output-limited state is canceled upon the power source control device completing switching of the connection state so as to transition.

Abstract: A scanning microscope unit includes: a light source for outputting irradiation light; a photodetector; a MEMS mirror for scanning an irradiation light over an observation object, and for guiding an observation light toward the photodetector; a scanning lens for guiding the irradiation light scanned by the MEMS mirror, to a microscope optical system, and for guiding the observation light imaged by the microscope optical system, to the MEMS mirror; and a frame member formed in a frame shape to define an opening, and disposed on a side of the microscope optical system with respect to the scanning lens such that the irradiation light and the observation light pass through the opening. The frame member includes a calibration portion provided in a side portion defining the opening, and for generating calibration light including a sensitivity wavelength of the photodetector in response to an incidence of the irradiation light.

Abstract: The coil component includes a coil, a first core having a first magnetic permeability, and a second core having a second magnetic permeability lower than the first magnetic permeability. The first core and the second core form a magnetic path. The coil forms two or more winding windows. The first core contacts with an entirety of one side line extending in a second direction of each of the winding windows, and protrudes from both ends of one side line of at least one of the winding windows. The second core contacts with three side lines other than the one side line of each of the winding windows. A surface resistance of the first core between two points that are 20 mm away from each other is not less than 5 ? after a high-temperature storage test. A drive frequency of the coil component is not less than 20 kHz.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus of an embodiment is an apparatus for redundantly transmitting a multiplexed signal obtained by multiplexing N (N is an integer of 2 or greater) optical signals having different wavelengths, the apparatus including: a first demultiplexing unit to which a first multiplexed signal is input, the first demultiplexing unit configured to demultiplex the input first multiplexed signal into the N optical signals; N first detection units to which the N optical signals demultiplexed by the first demultiplexing unit are respectively input, each of the N first detection units configured to detect presence or absence of deterioration of a corresponding input optical signals of the input optical signals based on a signal level of the corresponding input optical signal; a second demultiplexing unit to which a second multiplexed signal is input, the second demultiplexing unit configured to demultiplex the input second multiplexed signal into the N optical signals; N second detection units to

Abstract: A lower link (6) is provided with an oil hole (30) in a crank pin bearing portion (11) in order to supply a jet of oil to a connecting portion between an upper pin (4) and an upper link (3). Oil hole (30) is composed of a first oil hole (31) linearly extending from the inner peripheral surface of crank pin bearing portion (11) outwardly in the radial direction, and a second oil hole (32) linearly extending from the outer surface of lower link (6) so as to intersect a distal end portion of first oil hole (31). An inclination angle (?) of first oil hole (31) with a divided surface (14) set as a reference becomes relatively small, and hence the position of an oil inlet (31b) involving a problem of stress concentration becomes closer to divided surface (14) exhibiting a relatively low stress. Consequently, the stress concentration at oil inlet (31b) is alleviated.

Abstract: A mask device which can appropriately detect exhalation of a patient is provided with a mask body installed on the patient, an exhalation tube having an exhalation flow path through which the exhalation of the patient runs and used for detecting the exhalation, and an oxygen tube used for supplying oxygen to the patient; the mask body is provided with an oxygen supply port to which the oxygen tube is connected and an exhalation tube support part which can support the exhalation tube; and the exhalation tube support part is structured so as to support the exhalation tube with changing at least one distance of a distance between a tip end of the exhalation tube and a nose part of the patient or a distance between the tip end of the exhalation tube and the mouth part of the patient.

Abstract: A lower link (7) is formed of two components by being divided at a dividing surface (14) including the central axis of a crank pin bearing portion (11), the two components including a lower link upper (15) with an upper pin bearing portion (12) and a lower link lower (16) with a control pin bearing portion (13). The dividing surface (14) includes a first dividing surface (14a) located more on the upper link side than the crank pin bearing portion (11) and a second dividing surface (14b) located more on the control link side than the crank pin bearing portion (11). In the lower link (7), the first dividing surface (14a) has a surface roughness larger than a surface roughness of the second dividing surface (14b).

Abstract: A lower link (7) is formed of two components by being divided at a dividing surface (14) including the central axis of a crank pin bearing portion (11), the two components including a lower link upper (15) with an upper pin bearing portion (12) and a lower link lower (16) with a control pin bearing portion (13). The dividing surface (14) includes a first dividing surface (14a) located more on the upper link side than the crank pin bearing portion (11) and a second dividing surface (14b) located more on the control link side than the crank pin bearing portion (11). In the lower link (7), the first dividing surface (14a) has a surface roughness larger than a surface roughness of the second dividing surface (14b).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a lower link rotatably mounted to a crankpin of a crankshaft, an upper link having a first upper link end rotatably connected to a piston pin of a piston and a second upper link end rotatably connected to a first lower link end side of the lower link through a first connecting pin, and a control link having a first control link end supported on a cylinder block and a second control link end rotatably connected to a second lower link end side of the lower link through a second connecting pin. When viewed in an axial direction of the crankshaft, the second connecting pin is arranged to swing along a lateral direction substantially perpendicular to a center axis of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A lower link (13) is formed such that outer circumferential sides of both end portions of a crankpin through-hole (21) are stiffer than a center portion of the crankpin through-hole (21), i.e. a bifurcation portion of a bifurcated shape thereof. The both end portions of the crankpin through-hole (21) are formed such that inner circumferential surfaces (22a) of the both end portions are curved at a predetermined curvature in an axial direction of a crankshaft with no load input on the lower link (13). Moreover, the center portion of the crankpin through-hole (21) is formed such that an inner circumferential surface (22b) thereof is located inward of the inner circumferential surfaces (22a) of the both end portions and is straight in the axial direction of the crankshaft with no load input on the lower link (13).

Abstract: A multi-link piston crank mechanism includes a crank pin bearing portion including a crank pin bearing central portion that is disposed at a center thereof in an axial direction of a crank shaft. The crank pin bearing central portion at a portion positioned on the first end side of the lower link is thicker in a radial direction of the crank pin than a portion positioned on the second end side of the lower link. The second control link end portion is thicker along a radial direction of the second through hole than the second upper link end portion along a radial direction of the first through hole.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a lower link rotatably mounted to a crankpin of a crankshaft, an upper link having a first upper link end rotatably connected to a piston pin of a piston and a second upper link end rotatably connected to a first lower link end side of the lower link through a first connecting pin, and a control link having a first control link end supported on a cylinder block and a second control link end rotatably connected to a second lower link end side of the lower link through a second connecting pin. When viewed in an axial direction of the crankshaft, the second connecting pin is arranged to swing along a lateral direction substantially perpendicular to a center axis of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: When the compression ratio of a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine (10) is set at a low compression ratio, a lubricating oil ejected from a lower link oil passage (25) is reflected by an upper link (11) at the piston top dead center, and supplied to a cylinder inside wall surface on the side on which a control link (15) is located in a view as viewed in the axial direction of the crank shaft. When the compression ratio of the variable compression ratio internal combustion engine (10) is set at a high compression ratio, the lubricating oil ejected from lower link oil passage (25) is reflected by upper link (11) at the piston top dead center, and supplied to the back side of the piston crown.

Abstract: A multi-link piston crank mechanism includes a crank pin bearing portion including a crank pin bearing central portion that is disposed at a center thereof in an axial direction of a crank shaft. The crank pin bearing central portion at a portion positioned on the first end side of the lower link is thicker in a radial direction of the crank pin than a portion positioned on the second end side of the lower link. The second control link end portion is thicker along a radial direction of the second through hole than the second upper link end portion along a radial direction of the first through hole.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing carrier includes magnetic particles and a resin coating layer which covers the magnetic particles, wherein a sulfate ion concentration of the resin coating layer is 0.05% by weight or less with respect to a total weight of the resin coating layer, and when a total value of a molar amount of sulfate ions contained and a molar amount of sulfo groups contained per 1 g of the resin coating layer is A mol and a molar amount of sodium ions contained per 1 g of the resin coating layer is B mol, a relationship of 0.1<B/A<1.2 is satisfied.

Abstract: An opening on one end side of a pin-boss oil passage opens to the inner circumferential surface of a pin boss part of an upper link, while an opening on the other end side thereof opens to the outer circumferential surface of the pin boss part of the upper link. A lower-link oil passage has a one-end-side opening structured to open to a pin-boss-facing surface of the lower link facing the outer circumferential surface of the pin boss part of the upper link and its other-end-side opening structured to open to a crankpin bearing surface. The lower-link oil passage is configured to point, at a prescribed crankangle, to a specified end edge of end edges of the other-end-side opening of the pin-boss oil passage, the specified end edge facing one end side of the upper link.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing carrier includes magnetic particles and a resin coating layer which covers the magnetic particles, wherein a sulfate ion concentration of the resin coating layer is 0.05% by weight or less with respect to a total weight of the resin coating layer, and when a total value of a molar amount of sulfate ions contained and a molar amount of sulfo groups contained per 1 g of the resin coating layer is A mol and a molar amount of sodium ions contained per 1 g of the resin coating layer is B mol, a relationship of 0.1<B/A<1.2 is satisfied.

Abstract: When the compression ratio of a variable compression ratio internal combustion engine (10) is set at a low compression ratio, a lubricating oil ejected from a lower link oil passage (25) is reflected by an upper link (11) at the piston top dead center, and supplied to a cylinder inside wall surface on the side on which a control link (15) is located in a view as viewed in the axial direction of the crank shaft. When the compression ratio of the variable compression ratio internal combustion engine (10) is set at a high compression ratio, the lubricating oil ejected from lower link oil passage (25) is reflected by upper link (11) at the piston top dead center, and supplied to the back side of the piston crown.