Abstract: A cylindrical member having a center bore is disposed in a vacuum vessel provided with a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port, and an auxiliary electrode is inserted into the center bore of the cylindrical member along the central axis thereof so as to extend to substantially an entire length of the center bore, thereby permitting the auxiliary electrode to be grounded or having a positive DC voltage applied to the auxiliary electrode. A gas containing carbon is supplied into the vacuum vessel through the gas inlet port after the vacuum vessel is evacuated and a voltage is applied to the cylindrical member to produce a plasma in the vacuum vessel including an inside of the center bore of the cylindrical member, thereby forming a hard carbon film over the inner surface of the cylindrical member by a plasma CVD process.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thin film diode incorporated in a liquid crystal display, comprising a lower electrode connected with a signal electrode, an anodic oxidation film formed on the surface of the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed so as to overlie the lower electrode via the anodic oxidation film and connected with a pixel electrode.

Abstract: A heating roller device including a center shaft, a heat roller rotatably supported on the center shaft, and heating means provided inside the heat roller has the wear resistance of the outer surface of its heat roller outer surface increased and its availability factor enhanced by forming the outer surface of the heat roller with a hard carbon film of hydrogenated amorphous carbon. The hard carbon film is preferably formed on an intermediate layer formed on the outer surface of the heat roller beforehand so and to increase its adhesion to the outer surface. Wear resistance can be further enhanced by forming the outer surface of the heat roller with a hard layer, forming an intermediate layer on the hard layer and forming the hard carbon film on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: On a semiconductor substrate (1) is provided an insulator film, on which is formed a lower gate electrode including a first lower gate electrode (5a) and a second lower gate electrode (5b), on which lower gate electrode is formed a lower gate insulator film. On the lower gate insulator film is disposed a device region (9), on which is disposed an upper gate electrode (13) by way of an upper gate insulator film. The device region (9) has island-shaped patterns. The first lower gate electrode (5a) is placed in substantially the middle part of the device region (9), while the second lower gate electrode (5b) is provided in parallel with the first lower gate electrode (5a) and at a boundary between the device region (9) and the insulator film. The upper gate electrode (13) is positioned orthogonal to the lower gate electrodes (5a, 5b). This configuration will make it possible to inhibit the occurrence of current leakage due to parasitic transistors.

Abstract: A covering member (4), a solar battery (3) and a hand-operating mechanism-containing movement (2) are housed inside a case (1) which has a front side opening (1a), a glass (5) which is provided in the front side opening (1a), in the order of these constituents from the face side of the case (1). The solar battery (3) is disposed opposite to the glass (5) at a light receiving surface thereof which is covered with the covering member (4). The covering member (4) can also serve as a dial. If the covering member (4) is molded out of ceramic, it can provide the dial with a white appearance, so that light can sufficiently be transmitted to the receiving surface of the solar battery (3) owing to the light transmittance of the ceramic.

Abstract: A device for semiconductor integrated circuits having a silicon single crystal film formed on a sapphire substrate by hetero epitaxy and isolated islands having side planes. One of the side planes makes an angle of 65.degree. or more with the surface of the sapphire substrate at a part at least more than half thickness from the surface of the silicon single crystal film and makes an angle of 55.degree. or less at a residual thickness.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel planographic printing plate suitable for dry planographic printing without supply of dampening water and a method for the preparation thereof. The inventive printing plate has, on one surface of a base plate, a layer of an organopolysiloxane composed of the areas where fresh surface of the organopolysiloxane is exposed bare as the ink-repellent non-image areas and the areas where the surface of the organopolysiloxane layer has been subjected to the treatment with low temperature plasma to be oleophilic or ink-receptive as the image areas of the printing plate. According to the inventive method, the pattern-wise exposure of the organopolysiloxane layer to the plasma atmosphere is performed by first providing a pattern-wise layer of a plasma resistant protective resist layer on the organopolysiloxane layer followed by the plasma treatment and removal of the resist layer.

Abstract: A pulse motor for clockworks and the like in which the rotor comprises two spaced-apart permanent magnetic disks mounted upon a common shaft and rotatable with respect to a stator. The stator comprises a respective pair of magnetic poles in the plane of each disk, the poles of the pair being interconnected by a shank and a coil wound upon the respective shanks, the coils lying on opposite sides of the rotor. The coils can be excited independently to cause the respective pair of poles to magnetically cooperate with the respective disk and rotate the motor in the forward or the reverse sense.

Abstract: An electro-optical cell for field-effect type liquid crystal display comprises:A pair of electrode base plates each comprising a transparent base plate and an electrode film adhering to one surface thereof;A pair of inorganic electrode-protecting layers respectively provided at least on the peripheral portion of the surface having the electrode film of each electrode base plate, said pair of electrode base plates being assembled with their surfaces having the electrode films facing each other by means of an inorganic sealing agent applied at the peripheral portions of the electrode base plates through the respective inorganic electrode-protecting layers so as to form a cell containing therein a nematic liquid crystal material having a positive dielectric anisotropy, and the cell being to be placed on an optical path so that light passes through the pair of the electrode base plates; andA pair of polyimide resin films respectively orientated in one direction and provided within the cell over each of the electr

Abstract: An electro-optical cell comprises, on an optical path, a pair of electrode base plates and a nematic liquid crystal material having a positive dielectric anisotropy and sandwiched between the electrode base plates, each of which comprises a transparent base plate having an inner surface, an electrode film provided on the inner surface, and a polyimide resin film orientated in one direction and provided on the inner surface over the electrode film, the electrode base plates being mutually disposed on opposite sides of the liquid crystal material with their respective polyimide resin films on their inner sides in mutually facing state with the orientated direction of one polyimide resin film intersecting that of the other as viewed along the optical path. An advantageous feature of this electro-optical cell is that the electrode base plates thereof has durable and heat-resistant orientation which can impart a uniform, initial alignment of ample strength to the liquid crystal.

Abstract: An electro-optical cell comprises, on an optical path: front and back electrode base plates each comprising a transparent base plate having an inner surface, an electrode film provided on said inner surface, and an optically active poly-.alpha.-amino acid film provided on said inner surface over the electrode film and orientated in one direction intersecting the orientated direction of the poly-.alpha.-amino acid film of the other electrode base plate, the electrode base plates being disposed with the inner surfaces of their base plates in mutually facing state; and a nematic liquid crystal substance having a positive dielectric anisotropy and interposed between the front and back electrode base plates. Electro-optical devices can be fabricated by combining this electro-optical cell with front and back polarizers with polarization directions at specific angles relative to the orientation processed directions of the electrode base plates and by further adding a reflecting plate.

Abstract: A reversible pulse-motor driving circuit comprising a steady driving circuit composed of an oscillator circuit, a frequency divider circuit, a waveform conversion circuit, and a driving circuit, and a fast correction driving-circuit composed of a fast correction set-circuit, a first gate circuit, a detector circuit, a normal and reverse discrimination circuit, a conversion change-over circuit, a pulse selector circuit, a first memory circuit, a second gate circuit and a second memory circuit, whereby a user can hear a time signal delivered from a calculation circuit and only push a pushbutton to rotate the pulse motor in a reverse direction when the second hand is ahead of the correct time, and rotate the pulse motor in a forward direction when the second hand is lagging with respect to the correct time, and the use of a frequency higher than the steady driving frequency permits a fast setting of the second, minute or hour hand to the correct time.