Abstract: A gas sensor is constructed as follows. A protector (4) covering around a gas sensing element (2) has an inner hollow-cylindrical portion (6) and an outer hollow-cylindrical portion (7) that is provided coaxially with the inner hollow-cylindrical portion (6) with an air space (8) in between. Outer-wall gas inlet openings (13) are formed in the outer hollow-cylindrical portion (7), and guiding bodies (10) extending inward are attached to the outer-wall gas inlet openings (13). Inner-wall gas inlet openings (11) are formed in the inner hollow-cylindrical portion (6) at positions nearer to the gas sensing element (2) than the outer-wall gas inlet openings (13). A side wall (9) face of the inner hollow-cylindrical portion (6) opposite the outer-wall gas inlet openings (13) is formed so as to be parallel to a side wall (12) of the outer-hollow cylindrical portion (7) or so as to have a slop-like shape with a diameter enlarging in the axial direction toward a bottom wall (17) of the protector (4).

Abstract: A glow plug includes a ceramic heater having a resistance-heating element embedded at its end portion. In order to supply electricity to the resistance-heating element, first and second heater terminals are exposed on the surface of the ceramic heater. First and second terminal rings, which serve as metallic fitting members, are shrink-fitted to the surface of the ceramic heater in such a manner as to cover and be electrically connected to the exposed first and second heater terminals. A metal layer not higher than Ni in ionization tendency is formed on the inner circumferential surface of each of the first and second terminal rings.

Abstract: In a glow plug configured such that a metallic, tubular member having a heater fixedly provided therein is joined to a metallic shell, an external-thread portion is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the metallic shell so as to allow the glow plug to be screwed into a plug-mounting hole formed in an engine head. An annular protrusion is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the metallic, tubular member in such a manner as to protrude radially outward, to annularly extend in the circumferential direction, and to be located in the vicinity of a distal end of the metallic shell. A distally-facing end face of the annular protrusion abuts an annular seat face in the mounting hole, and the metallic, tubular member and the metallic shell are joined such that a distal end face of the metallic shell abuts a rearward-facing end face of the annular protrusion.

Abstract: A heater comprising: a rod-shaped ceramic heater including: a ceramic heater body extending in an axial direction and having a heating element at its leading end portion for generating heat when energized; and first and second energizing lead terminals extending from said heating element and exposed to an outer circumference of a trailing end side of said ceramic heater body; a cylindrical outer cylinder for holding said ceramic heater while protruding a leading end portion and a trailing end portion of said ceramic heater; and a core rod arranged on said trailing end side of said ceramic heater in an axial direction and connected electrically with said first lead terminal, wherein said heater further comprises: a ring member including: a ring leading end portion fixed by a tight fitting on an outer circumference of a trailing end side of said ceramic heater and connected electrically with said first lead terminal; and a ring trailing end portion protruding backward from a trailing end of said ceramic heater;

Abstract: A glow plug includes a ceramic heater having a resistance-heating element embedded at its end portion. In order to supply electricity to the resistance-heating element, first and second heater terminals are exposed on the surface of the ceramic heater. First and second terminal rings, which serve as metallic fitting members, are shrink-fitted to the surface of the ceramic heater in such a manner as to cover and be electrically connected to the exposed first and second heater terminals. A metal layer not higher than Ni in ionization tendency is formed on the inner circumferential surface of each of the first and second terminal rings.

Abstract: In a glow plug configured such that a metallic, tubular member having a heater fixedly provided therein is joined to a metallic shell, an external-thread portion is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the metallic shell so as to allow the glow plug to be screwed into a plug-mounting hole formed in an engine head. An annular protrusion is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the metallic, tubular member in such a manner as to protrude radially outward, to annularly extend in the circumferential direction, and to be located in the vicinity of a distal end of the metallic shell. A distally-facing end face of the annular protrusion abuts an annular seat face in the mounting hole, and the metallic, tubular member and the metallic shell are joined such that a distal end face of the metallic shell abuts a rearward-facing end face of the annular protrusion.

Abstract: To provide a ceramic heater which is better in the durability of an ion current detecting electrode portion and which can be manufactured at a low cost. A ceramic heater 1 is provided with: an insulating ceramic substrate 13; a resistance heating element 10 buried in the insulating ceramic substrate; and an ion current detecting electrode portion 14 formed integrally with the resistance heating element in the insulating ceramic substrate and having its own surface portion exposed as an ion current detecting face to the surface of the insulating ceramic substrate. The ion current detecting electrode portion 14 is constructed, at its portion including at least a portion of the ion current detecting face 15, of a conductive ceramic phase which is composed mainly of non-metallic conductive ceramic having a cation component made of a nonmetallic element, such as silicon carbide.

Abstract: To provide a ceramic heater which is better in the durability of an ion current detecting electrode portion and which can be manufactured at a low cost.

Abstract: A connection device for a ceramic gas sensor element includes a sensor assembly and a ring member. The sensor assembly has a ceramic element with a thickness t, an electrical connection portion formed on a side of the ceramic element, and at least one electrical lead in contact with the electrical connection portion, wherein the sensor assembly defines an outer dimension at a position corresponding to the electrical connection portion. The ring member is disposed around the sensor assembly to hold the at least one electrical lead in contact with the electrical connection portion such that the ring member has an inner dimension at a position corresponding to the connection portion that is smaller than the outer dimension of the sensor element. The ring member defines an axial length L that contacts the sensor assembly such that the thickness t and the axial length L satisfy the relation 0.23≦L/t≦13.

Abstract: This discloses an electronic component of a miniature size to be used as e.g. automobile engine peripheral components, such as an exhaust gas oxygen sensor, a heat sensor, and a heater. More specifically, the invention provides an electronic component integral with a heat resistant terminal that is pressure-fitting or shrink-fitted on a ceramic element of the electronic component. This electronic components shows great mechanical and electrical performance, withstanding the high temperature environment over 400 and up to 800.degree. C. to which the ceramic element of the component required expose.The terminal incorporated in this high temperature electronic component comprises a plurality of metal wire leads that electrically connect to a surface of a bar-like ceramic element, at least two ceramic insulators that surround the leads, and a thermal resistant metal ring that shrink-fits or pressure-fits around the ceramic insulators so that the metal leads press in a radial direction holding the element firmly.

Abstract: A ceramic-metal composite assembly includes an intermediate member made of a material having a thermal expansion efficiency between those of the materials forming a ceramic member and a metallic shaft member. The intermediate member is metallurgically joined to the ceramic member whilst being mechanically joined to the metallic member to constitute a single unit.

Abstract: A ceramic-metal composite assembly includes an intermediate member made of a material having a thermal expansion efficiency between those of the materials forming a ceramic member and a metallic shaft member. The intermediate member is metallurgically joined to the ceramic member while being mechanically joined to the metallic member to constitute a single unit.

Abstract: A ceramic-metal composite assembly includes a ceramic member having a stab shaft and a metallic member having a recess. The ceramic member and the metallic member are joined together by press fit, i.e., by fitting the stab shaft into the recess. The stab shaft and the recess after extraction of the stab shaft from the recess has a set relationship of 50 .mu.m.ltoreq.X-Y.ltoreq.150 .mu.m where X is an outer diameter of the stab shaft and Y is an inner diameter of the recess whilst a surface roughness Rz of the recess in the circumferential direction thereof after extraction of the stab shaft from the recess is 1.5 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved combined body of ceramics and metal which maintains high anti-torsional strength and anti-slip off strength while stress concentration is relaxed and deterioration of the ceramics is well prevented. The combined body includes a ceramic member inserted into and firmly engaged with a recess or an opening of a metal member. The combined body has a treated surface region in the vicinity of an engagement end of a contact surface of either the ceramic member or the metal member, and an untreated surface region at a location other than the vicinity of the engagement end.

Abstract: A turbocharger for an automotive vehicle includes a rotatable shaft having a cup-shaped section to which an axial projection of a turbine wheel is fitted under a shrinkage fit. The rotatable shaft is rotatably supported by ball bearings. A nut is screwed on the rotatable shaft in a manner to clamp the ball bearings together with a compressor wheel between the nut and the cup-shaped section. The inner race of the ball bearing on the turbine wheel side is in axially tight contact with an abutting surface formed in the rotatable shaft. In this arrangement, a setting is made to satisfy the following formula. l/P.gtoreq.0.002 where l is a distance (mm) in the rotatable shaft, between a bottom inner surface of the cup-shaped section and the abutting surface; and P is an axial tensile force developed by screwing up the nut in the direction of the cup-shaped section.

Abstract: In a ceramic rotor and metal shaft assembly, a ceramic rotor has a protruded portion and is joined at the protruded portion to a recessed portion of a metal shaft by shrinkage fit or the like fitting method of fixedly holding the protruded and recessed portions relative to each other by making the mating circumferential surfaces of the protruded and recessed portions pressed against each other. The recessed portion has a minimum thickness wall between a circumferential wall and a bottom wall. The protruded and recessed portions have a set relationship of0.05.ltoreq.t/d.ltoreq.0.2where t is a thickness of the minimum wall portion of the recessed portion and D is an outer diameter of the protruded portion.