Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition containing a cell population with enriched M2 macrophage and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is provided. The composition is not trapped in the lungs when administered systemically, and accumulates at a disorder/inflammation site. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is useful as an anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: Described herein are enzymes, such as for example, methanol dehydrogenase (MDH), 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase (PHI), 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase (HPS), ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPI), ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase (RPE), transketolase (TKT), transaldolase (TAL) enzymes, phosphofructokinase (PFK), Sedoheptulose 1,7-Bisphosphatase (GLPX), fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (GND), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ZWF); recombinant host cells expressing the enzymes; methods of producing methylotrophic cells; and methods of producing amino acids (e.g., lysine).

Abstract: Provided are a neutrophil activation regulator and a therapeutic agent against diseases caused by neutrophil activation. A thrombin-like enzyme is used as an active ingredient of the neutrophil activation regulator and the therapeutic agent against diseases caused by neutrophil activation.

Abstract: Simplification of a preparation step of a cell population used for the treatment of ischemic diseases, and provision of a cell population that shows more effective treatment are shown. A method of producing a cell population wherein a vascular endothelial progenitor cell and/or an anti-inflammatory macrophage are/is enriched, including cultivating a mononuclear cell derived from bone marrow, cord blood or peripheral blood in a serum-free medium containing stem cell factor, interleukin-6, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, thrombopoietin and vascular endothelial cell growth factor, and proliferating vascular endothelial progenitor cell from the cell; and a cell population obtained by the method are shown.

Abstract: 5?-guanylic acid (GMP) is produced efficiently by allowing a microorganism to react with xanthylic acid (XMP), wherein said microorganism is able to convert xanthylic acid into 5?-guanylic acid and has been modified so that the nagD gene does not function normally and 5?-guanylic acid synthetase activity is enhanced.

Abstract: Simplification of a preparation step of a cell population used for the treatment of ischemic diseases, and provision of a cell population that shows more effect by the treatment. A method of producing a cell population wherein a vascular endothelial progenitor cell and/or an anti-inflammatory macrophage are/is enriched, including cultivating a mononuclear cell derived from bone marrow, cord blood or peripheral blood in a serum-free medium containing stem cell factor, interleukin-6, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, thrombopoietin and vascular endothelial cell growth factor, and proliferating vascular endothelial progenitor cell from the cell; and a cell population obtained by the method, etc.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, EC progenitors can be used in a method for regulating angiogenesis, i.e., enhancing or inhibiting blood vessel formation, in a selected patient and in some preferred embodiments for targeting specific locations. For example, the EC progenitors can be used to enhance angiogenesis or to deliver an angiogenesis modulator, e.g. anti- or pro-angiogenic agents, respectively to sites of pathologic or utilitarian angiogenesis. Additionally, in another embodiment, EC progenitors can be used to induce reendothelialization of an injured blood vessel, and thus reduce restenosis by indirectly inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for expanding an endothelial progenitor cell in vitro. More particularly, the present invention provides a method for culturing a hemangioblast comprising incubating a hemangioblast in a serum-free culture medium containing one or more factors selected from the group consisting of stem cell growth factor, interleukin-6, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 and thrombopoietin, and a vascular endothelial cell produced by the method; and a serum-free culture medium containing one or more factors selected from the group consisting of stem cell growth factor, interleukin-6, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand and thrombopoietin, and a kit for the preparation of the serum-free culture medium and the like.

Abstract: A purine-derived substance is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus which is able to produce purine-derived substance and has been modified so that enzymatic activity of fructose bisphosphatase is decreased, and collecting the purine-derived substance from the medium or cells.

Abstract: By reacting inosinic acid (IMP) with a bacterium which has been modified so that IMP dehydrogenase activity and 5?-guanylic acid (GMP) synthetase activity are enhanced, GMP is produced.

Abstract: A purine-derived substance is produced by culturing a Bacillus bacterium which has an ability to produce a purine-derived substance and has enhanced activity of an enzyme of the oxidative pentosephosphate pathway. The purine-derived substance is produced in the medium or the bacterial cells, and can be collected from the medium or the bacterial cells.

Abstract: A purine-derived substance is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus which has an ability to produce a purine-derived substance and has been modified so that enzymatic activity of transaldolase is decreased in a medium to cause accumulation of a purine-derived substance in the medium or cells, and collecting the purine-derived substance from the medium or cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for expanding and improving functional capacity of human adult-derived progenitor cells in vitro using a closed culture system. The present invention provides a favorable condition for cell therapy to promote tissue repair and organogenesis via vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in clinical settings. The proposed closed bag culture system for culturing hemangioblast comprises of, in one embodiment, a serum-free culture medium containing one or more factors selected from the group consisting of stem cell growth factor, interleukin-6, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3, thrombopoietin, and vascular endothelial growth factor and a kit for the preparation of the serum-free culture medium and the like.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, EC progenitors can be used in a method for regulating angiogenesis, i.e., enhancing or inhibiting blood vessel formation, in a selected patient and in some preferred embodiments for targeting specific locations. For example, the EC progenitors can be used to enhance angiogenesis or to deliver an angiogenesis modulator, e.g. anti- or pro-angiogenic agents, respectively to sites of pathologic or utilitarian angiogenesis. Additionally, in another embodiment, EC progenitors can be used to induce reendothelialization of an injured blood vessel, and thus reduce restenosis by indirectly inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Abstract: By reacting inosinic acid (IMP) with a bacterium which has been modified so that IMP dehydrogenase activity and 5?-guanylic acid (GMP) synthetase activity are enhanced, GMP is produced.

Abstract: 5?-guanylic acid (GMP) is produced efficiently by allowing a microorganism to react with xanthylic acid (XMP), wherein said microorganism is able to convert xanthylic acid into 5?-guanylic acid and has been modified so that the nagD gene does not function normally and 5?-guanylic acid synthetase activity is enhanced.

Abstract: A purine-derived substance is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus which has an ability to produce a purine-derived substance and has been modified so that enzymatic activity of transaldolase is decreased in a medium to cause accumulation of a purine-derived substance in the medium or cells, and collecting the purine-derived substance from the medium or cells.

Abstract: A purine-derived substance is produced by culturing a Bacillus bacterium which has an ability to produce a purine-derived substance and has enhanced activity of an enzyme of the oxidative pentosephosphate pathway. The purine-derived substance is produced in the medium or the bacterial cells, and can be collected from the medium or the bacterial cells.

Abstract: A purine-derived substance is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus which is able to produce purine-derived substance and has been modified so that enzymatic activity of fructose bisphosphatase is decreased, and collecting the purine-derived substance from the medium or cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming an EPC colony with good reproducibility, and a method of analyzing the dynamics of EPC differentiation in the body of patient. More specifically, the present invention provides a method of analyzing the dynamics of differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells, which includes culturing hemangioblasts in a semisolid medium containing a vascular endothelial growth factor and a basic fibroblast growth factor, and evaluating the mode of endothelial progenitor cell colony formation; a method of forming an endothelial progenitor cell colony which includes culturing hemangioblasts in a semisolid medium containing a vascular endothelial growth factor and a basic fibroblast growth factor; a semisolid medium containing a vascular endothelial growth factor and a basic fibroblast growth factor; and a kit for preparing the semisolid medium and the like.