Abstract: A toner, particularly a color toner suitable for full-color image formation through a substantially oil-less heat-pressure fixing device, is formed from at least a binder resin, a colorant and a wax. The toner has viscoelasticity including: a storage modulus at 80° C. (G′80) in a range of 1×106-1×1010 dN/m2, storage moduli at temperatures of 120-180 ° C. (G′120-180) in a range of 5×103-1×106 dN/m2, and loss tangents (tan &dgr;=G″/G′ as a ratio between G″ (loss modulus) and G′ (storage molecules)) including a loss tangent at 180° C. (tan &dgr;180) and a minimum of loss tangents over a temperature range of 120-180 ° C. (tan &dgr;min) satisfying 1≦tan &dgr;180/tan &dgr;min. The toner further exhibits a thermal behavior providing a heat-absorption curve according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showing a maximum heat-absorption peak temperature in a range of 50-110 ° C. in a temperature range of 30-200° C.

Abstract: A magenta toner containing at least a binder resin and a colorant; the magenta toner having a storage elastic modulus at a temperature of 80° C., G′80, in the range of from 1×106 dN/m2 to 1×108 dN/m2 and a storage elastic modulus at a temperature of from 120° C. to 180° C., G′120-180, in the range of from 2×103 dN/m2 to 1×106 dN/m2, and containing at least a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following Formulas (1) and (2) and a compound represented by the following Formula (3).

Abstract: A toner includes at least a polyester resin having a carboxyl group, a coloring agent, 0.1-10 mass % of a metal salicylate compound with respect to a mass of the toner and 20-400 ppm of a hindered phenol with respect to the mass of the toner.

Abstract: A toner for making an ink printed-like image, which causes less eyestrain resulting from continuously reading the toner image for a long time, is provided. The toner has main particles and each main particle includes 100 parts by weight of binder resin and 1 to 3 parts by weight of black coloring agent dispersed in the binder resin. A developer using the toner and printed matter obtained by using the toner are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a positive charging color toner comprising a coloring agent and a positive charging electric charge controlling material in a fixing resin, wherein the fixing rein is an urethane-modified polyester resin having an acid value of not more than 5 KOHmg/g, a hydroxyl value of not more than 9 KOHmg/g, a weight-average molecular weight of 8,000 to 120,000 and a number-average molecular weight of 2,000 to 70,000, and the positive charging electric charge controlling material is (a) a quaternary ammonium salt having a melting point of not less than 200° C., or (b) a styrene-acrylate copolymer having a trisubstituted amminio group and a glass transition temperature Tg of not less than 55° C.

Abstract: A method of blending a light-transmittable powder coating which is colored in at least one color and a colorless light-transmittable powder coating which is not colored, and dryblending the powder coatings, to color-match the powder coatings, capable of reproducing colors which could not be reproduced in conventional powder coatings, for example, light colors, transparent colors, or brilliant colors.

Abstract: Disclosed are a positive charging color toner comprising a coloring agent and a positive charging electric charge controlling material in a fixing resin, wherein the fixing rein is an urethane-modified polyester resin having an acid value of not more than 5 KOHmg/g, a hydroxyl value of not more than 9 KOHmg/g, a weight-average molecular weight of 8,000 to 120,000 and a number-average molecular weight of 2,000 to 70,000, and the positive charging electric charge controlling material is (a) a quaternary ammonium salt having a melting point of not less than 200.degree. C., or (b) a styrene-acrylate copolymer having a trisubstituted amminio group and a glass transition temperature Tg of not less than 55.degree. C.

Abstract: A toner and a carrier are so combined together as to substantially satisfy the following formula (1), ##EQU1## wherein Qmax is a maximum amount of electric charge (.mu.C/g) of the toner, V.sub.T/C is a contact potential difference (V) of the toner to the carrier, .tau.r is a relaxation time constant (sec) of the toner, .tau.g is a charging time constant (sec) of the toner, and k is a coefficient (F) determined depending upon the kinds of the toner and the carrier. This method makes it possible to so combine the toner and the carrier together that the amount of electric charge of the two-component developing agent becomes a maximum based on the contact potential difference (V.sub.T/C) of the toner to the carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic highly photosensitive material used for copying machines based on electrophotographic method. The photosensitive material has a high developing sensitivity even using the same developing agent and the same developing system, and makes it possible to form images having high density and high contrast. The organic highly photosensitive material comprises an aluminum substrate having a surface-treated layer and an organic photosensitive layer formed thereon, wherein the surface-treated layer of the aluminum substrate has an impedance Z that lies within a predetermined range.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner composition comprising a toner and a hydrophobic silica composed of a fine powder of silica treated with a compound having a polymethylsilyl group in the molecule.

Abstract: A quantity converting and indicating apparatus for use in automatic remote systems for inspecting consumed amounts of gas, city water, electric power or the like, by which a detected value in the decimal system displayed on such a counter as a gas meter is converted to a binary system value convenient for transmission by a channel such as a telephone circuit. The apparatus is provided with plural cams (2) cooperative with a figure wheel (4) of the counter for converting the detected value to the binary system value, plural vibrators (6a) placed facing each cam and fixed each at one end, flexible vibrator controlling members (5) placed adjacent to the concaves and convexes (2a, 2b) of each cam and facing the respective vibrators at their other ends for controlling the vibrators, means (10) for activating the vibrators, and means (7, 8) for converting the vibration to an A.C. signal having a frequency in a band adopted for transmission by means such as a telephone circuit.