Abstract: In a reciprocating high-pressure fuel pump that operates a plunger while facing a cam ridge of a plunger driving cam provided on a camshaft to which power of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is transmitted, the cam ridge includes a cam curved surface including two apexes at a cam angle interval of 180° and two valley bottoms at a cam angle interval of 180° and alternately connecting the apexes and the valley bottoms, and a crossing angle between a first virtual line connecting the two apexes and a second virtual line connecting the two valley bottoms is not a right angle as viewed in a direction of a camshaft axis.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel pipe is a pipe disposed between an injector and a high-pressure fuel pump, the high-pressure fuel pump is provided on a downstream side of a low-pressure fuel pump, an engine is a single cylinder or a two-cylinder, the high-pressure fuel pump is a plunger type that performs pressurization once or twice per rotation in synchronization with a camshaft of the engine, and a volume of the high-pressure fuel pipe is k×Q/?P/1000×n or less, where k is a volume modulus of fuel, Q is a maximum discharge amount of the fuel in one reciprocation of the high-pressure fuel pump, ?P is a difference between a target fuel pressure boosted by the high-pressure fuel pump and a feed fuel pressure boosted by the low-pressure fuel pump, and n is the number of times of boosting in one rotation of the high-pressure fuel pump.

Abstract: In a reciprocating high-pressure fuel pump that operates a plunger while facing a cam ridge of a plunger driving cam provided on a camshaft to which power of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is transmitted, the cam ridge includes a cam curved surface including two apexes at a cam angle interval of 180° and two valley bottoms at a cam angle interval of 180° and alternately connecting the apexes and the valley bottoms, and a crossing angle between a first virtual line connecting the two apexes and a second virtual line connecting the two valley bottoms is not a right angle as viewed in a direction of a camshaft axis.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel pipe is a pipe disposed between an injector and a high-pressure fuel pump, the high-pressure fuel pump is provided on a downstream side of a low-pressure fuel pump, an engine is a single cylinder or a two-cylinder, the high-pressure fuel pump is a plunger type that performs pressurization once or twice per rotation in synchronization with a camshaft of the engine, and a volume of the high-pressure fuel pipe is k×Q/?P/1000×n or less, where k is a volume modulus of fuel, Q is a maximum discharge amount of the fuel in one reciprocation of the high-pressure fuel pump, ?P is a difference between a target fuel pressure boosted by the high-pressure fuel pump and a feed fuel pressure boosted by the low-pressure fuel pump, and n is the number of times of boosting in one rotation of the high-pressure fuel pump.

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioner applies appropriate tension to an endless power transmitting belt. The hydraulic tensioner includes a plunger body, an oil supply path, a check valve, a relief valve, a pressure maintaining valve interposed in a relief path and a pressure accommodating hole. The hydraulic tensioner is configured such that a path that is branched from the oil supply path for operating the pressure maintaining valve is formed independently of a supply path to the check valve.

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioner applies appropriate tension to an endless power transmitting belt. The hydraulic tensioner includes a plunger body, an oil supply path, a check valve, a relief valve, a pressure maintaining valve interposed in a relief path and a pressure accommodating hole. The hydraulic tensioner is configured such that a path that is branched from the oil supply path for operating the pressure maintaining valve is formed independently of a supply path to the check valve.

Abstract: A motorcycle with a low floor is configured such that secondary vibration of an engine can be largely reduced and an increase in engine width can be suppressed. The motorcycle with a low floor includes step floors on which to put a rider's feet on left and right sides of a vehicle body frame. An engine is provided between the step floors. A plurality of exhaust pipes extend respectively from cylinders of the engine, the exhaust pipes being gathered at a gathering portion. The engine is an in-line 3-cylinder engine having cylinder portions inclined forwardly. The exhaust pipes extend downwards from the cylinder portions on the basis of each cylinder. The exhaust pipes are bundled and extend on the right side of the engine, in a position on the lower side of one of the step floors.

Abstract: A motorcycle with a low floor is configured such that secondary vibration of an engine can be largely reduced and an increase in engine width can be suppressed. The motorcycle with a low floor includes step floors on which to put a rider's feet on left and right sides of a vehicle body frame. An engine is provided between the step floors. A plurality of exhaust pipes extend respectively from cylinders of the engine, the exhaust pipes being gathered at a gathering portion. The engine is an in-line 3-cylinder engine having cylinder portions inclined forwardly. The exhaust pipes extend downwards from the cylinder portions on the basis of each cylinder. The exhaust pipes are bundled and extend on the right side of the engine, in a position on the lower side of one of the step floors.

Abstract: A package structure in which conductive layers are provided on the lower surface of a circuit substrate provided with a semiconductor element mounted on the upper surface thereof, which conductive layers are connected to a conductive seal portion via conductive through holes, whereby both satisfactory air-tightness and satisfactory electromagnetic shielding characteristics of the package structure can be obtained. Projections consisting of high-temperature solder are formed as externally connecting electrodes, whereby a surface packaging operation can be carried out smoothly.

Abstract: The current ignition delay angle is increased gradually until the delay angle reaches a maximum delay angle stored in a maximum delay angle storage unit when the failure of a traction control unit is detected by a failure detecting member while a switching member is set so as to select the output of a traction control mode ignition angle calculating device. A failure control mode ignition angle calculating device calculates an ignition angle on the basis of the increased delay angle and a standard ignition angle. In case failure occurs in the traction control system during traction control operation, ignition delay angle is increased gradually to reduce the running speed of the vehicle gradually regardless of the opening of the throttle valve. Accordingly, the vehicle is not subjected to shocks attributable to the change of control mode when failure occurs in the traction control system.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to take advantage of the exhaust gas pulses in an exhaust system of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine to increase the volumetric efficiency over the complete operating range of the engine. It solves the problems of other systems which are only able to gain a beneficial effect from the exhaust gas pulses over a limited range of the engine operating speeds, by providing a means of varying the exhaust pipe lengths, combinations, and cross-sectional area of the exhaust passages of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. By this means it provides an exhaust system in which the exhaust gas pulse frequencies can be varied over the entire operating range of the engine to obtain desirable pulse frequencies matching the cylinder exhaust timing for efficient extraction of the exhaust gases, improvement in volumetric efficiency and a higher maximum engine speed.