Abstract: A light source section is provided with a plurality of light sources. A pitch of the light sources in a first direction and a pitch in a second direction are regulated in accordance with a specific cross-sectional shape of a light beam.

Abstract: A light combiner having a polarization separation film and transmitting P-polarized light from a first light source unit whereas reflecting S-polarized light from a second light source unit forms combined light, and the angle of incidence of the light from the first light source unit and the angle of incidence of the light from the second light source unit with respect to the polarization separation film are each greater than 45°.

Abstract: Even when coherent light (specific light), such as laser light, is used as a light source, providing a first dichroic film having a seamless, single-film configuration as a film in a cross dichroic prism prevents a fringe pattern resulting from a highly interfering component contained in light combined in the cross dichroic prism from being produced, whereby the amount of image degradation can be reduced.

Abstract: A projector includes a solid-state light source that emits linearly polarized light, a birefringence element that converts the linearly polarized light emitted from the solid-state light source into circularly or elliptically polarized light, a diffusion element that diffuses the light having exited from the birefringence element, and a polarization conversion element that separates the diffused light having exited from the diffusion element into first polarized light polarized in a first polarization direction and second polarized light polarized in a second polarization direction, converts the polarization direction of the first polarized light into the second polarization direction, and outputs the resultant first and second polarized light.

Abstract: A light source device includes: a light source which emits light; a first reflector which surrounds a part of the light source and reflects the light emitted from the light source in the direction of an optical axis; and a second reflector which surrounds at least a part of the light source different from the part surrounded by the first reflector and reflects the light emitted from the light source toward the first reflector, wherein the position of a convergence spot of the light reflected by the second reflector is displaced from the position of an emission spot of the light source at least in the direction of a plane perpendicular to the direction of the optical axis.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a revolving whetstone comprising a central portion in which a whetstone center hole into which a whetstone driving shaft of a grinder is inserted is arranged and a disk-shaped whetstone body that has an effective whetstone circular portion arranged in the circumferential outside of the central portion as one body, the wall thickness of the central portion is formed thinner than the wall thickness of the effective whetstone circular portion, and a whetstone material for the thinned wall thickness of the central portion is put on the wall thickness surface of the effective whetstone circular portion, and the wall thickness of the effective whetstone circular portion is formed thicker than the wall thickness of the central portion.

Abstract: A diffraction optical element includes: a first diffraction pattern which diffracts entering light to produce illumination light for illuminating a first area; and a second diffraction pattern which is disposed adjacent to the first diffraction pattern and diffracts entering light to produce illumination light for illuminating a second area other than the first area by using at least a part of the diffracted light.

Abstract: A display device includes a light source that supplies light, a phase modulator that modulates the phase of the light from the light source to form an image, and an imaging optical system that focuses the image formed through the modulation performed by the phase modulator. The phase modulator produces diffracted light according to a phase modulation pattern while changing the phase of the light so as to form an intermediate image between the phase modulator and the imaging optical system, and the phase modulator also changes the position of the intermediate image.

Abstract: A light source device includes: a light source which emits light; a first reflector which surrounds a part of the light source and reflects the light emitted from the light source in the direction of an optical axis; and a second reflector which surrounds at least a part of the light source different from the part surrounded by the first reflector and reflects the light emitted from the light source toward the first reflector, wherein the position of a convergence spot of the light reflected by the second reflector is displaced from the position of an emission spot of the light source at least in the direction of a plane perpendicular to the direction of the optical axis.

Abstract: A lighting device includes: a light source unit which supplies coherent light; a polarized light splitting unit which reflects first polarized light having first oscillation direction and transmits second polarized light having second oscillation direction substantially orthogonal to the first oscillation direction to split the first polarized light from the second polarized light; a reflection unit which reflects light advancing in a direction other than the lighting direction from the polarized light splitting unit; a partial reflection unit disposed between the polarized light splitting unit and the reflection unit to transmit a part of entering light and reflect the other part of the entering light; and a wavelength plate disposed between the polarized light splitting unit and the partial reflection unit to vary polarization condition of entering light.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a revolving whetstone comprising a central portion in which a whetstone center hole into which a whetstone driving shaft of a grinder is inserted is arranged and a disk-shaped whetstone body that has an effective whetstone circular portion arranged in the circumferential outside of the central portion as one body, the wall thickness of the central portion is formed thinner than the wall thickness of the effective whetstone circular portion, and a whetstone material for the thinned wall thickness of the central portion is put on the wall thickness surface of the effective whetstone circular portion, and the wall thickness of the effective whetstone circular portion is formed thicker than the wall thickness of the central portion.

Abstract: A projection apparatus includes a first optical system, an aperture disposed on the light exiting-side of the first optical system, a second optical system disposed on the light exiting-side of the aperture, and a reflector disposed on the optical path between the first optical system and the second optical system, the reflector having a reflection surface that reflects the light having exited from the first optical system toward the second optical system. The optical axis of the second optical system is disposed along the optical axis of the first optical system. The reflection surface of the reflector is disposed along the optical axis of the first optical system. At least part of the first and second optical systems that is on the side opposite the reflection surface of the reflector is cut off.

Abstract: A diffraction optical element includes: a first diffraction pattern which diffracts entering light to produce illumination light for illuminating a first area; and a second diffraction pattern which is disposed adjacent to the first diffraction pattern and diffracts entering light to produce illumination light for illuminating a second area other than the first area by using at least a part of the diffracted light.

Abstract: A display device includes a light source that supplies light, a phase modulator that modulates the phase of the light from the light source to form an image, and an imaging optical system that focuses the image formed through the modulation performed by the phase modulator. The phase modulator produces diffracted light according to a phase modulation pattern while changing the phase of the light so as to form an intermediate image between the phase modulator and the imaging optical system, and the phase modulator also changes the position of the intermediate image.

Abstract: A lighting device includes: a light source unit which supplies coherent light; a polarized light splitting unit which reflects first polarized light having first oscillation direction and transmits second polarized light having second oscillation direction substantially orthogonal to the first oscillation direction to split the first polarized light from the second polarized light; a reflection unit which reflects light advancing in a direction other than the lighting direction from the polarized light splitting unit; a partial reflection unit disposed between the polarized light splitting unit and the reflection unit to transmit a part of entering light and reflect the other part of the entering light; and a wavelength plate disposed between the polarized light splitting unit and the partial reflection unit no vary polarization condition of entering light.

Abstract: In testing of a plurality of logic circuits having the same function and included in an integrated circuit, an address decoder makes two logic circuits having the same function simultaneously operate in response to an address signal. Try state buffers enter an enable state in response to a testing mode signal. Accordingly, the outputs of the two logic circuits are output to a signal line through the try state buffers. When the two logic circuits are both nondefective, a supply current cannot be measured by a current measuring unit, but when one of the logic circuits is defective, an excessive supply current is measured by the current measuring unit, and hence, it can be determined that one of them is defective. Accordingly, a plurality of logic circuits can be simultaneously found defective or nondefective by the IDDQ testing, resulting in reducing time required for the testing.

Abstract: To provide a miniaturized lighting device that emits light appropriate for illumination of a display system and a projection type display system including the lighting device. A lighting device includes solid-state light sources to emit light, light introducing elements to equalize an illumination distribution of the light emitted from the solid-state light sources, and reflection type polarizing elements into which the light emitted from the solid-state light sources is introduced. The lighting device is characterized in that the reflection type polarizing elements are disposed inside the light introducing elements or on light exit end faces of the light introducing elements, and that the solid-state light sources reflect the light which has been reflected by the reflection type polarizing elements.

Abstract: In testing of a plurality of logic circuits having the same function and included in an integrated circuit, an address decoder makes two logic circuits having the same function simultaneously operate in response to an address signal. Try state buffers enter an enable state in response to a testing mode signal. Accordingly, the outputs of the two logic circuits are output to a signal line through the try state buffers. When the two logic circuits are both nondefective, a supply current cannot be measured by a current measuring unit, but when one of the logic circuits is defective, an excessive supply current is measured by the current measuring unit, and hence, it can be determined that one of them is defective. Accordingly, a plurality of logic circuits can be simultaneously found defective or nondefective by the IDDQ testing, resulting in reducing time required for the testing.