Abstract: A shape inspection apparatus includes N illumination light sources, a line sensor camera, a measurement control unit, and a data processing unit. The measurement control unit controls the illumination light sources to modulate luminescence intensities at a frequency that is 1/N of a frequency of a scan rate of the line sensor camera, and to emit lights by sequentially repeating N different patterns of illumination intensity ratios. The data processing unit generates a first separated image and a second separated image based on a photographed image, generates a first mixing elimination image acquired by removing an unnecessary illumination component from the first separated image, and a second mixing elimination image acquired by removing an unnecessary illumination component from the second separated image, and calculates an inclination of the surface of the strip-shaped body based on a difference between the first mixing elimination image and the second mixing elimination image.

Abstract: A shape inspection apparatus for inspecting a strip-shaped body includes: a line sensor camera; a first illumination light source and a second illumination light source; a measurement control unit; and a data processing unit. The measurement control unit controls the lighting timings and light emission time periods as well as the line image acquisition timing based on a line speed so that overlapping of photographing ranges does not occur between a first line image acquired within a light emission time period of the first illumination light source and a second line image acquired within a light emission time period of the second illumination light source. The data processing unit calculates an inclination of the surface of the strip-shaped body based on a differential line image obtained based on the first line image and the second line image.

Abstract: A shape inspection apparatus for inspecting a strip-shaped body includes: a line sensor camera; a first illumination light source and a second illumination light source; a measurement control unit; and a data processing unit. The measurement control unit controls the lighting timings and light emission time periods as well as the line image acquisition timing based on a line speed so that overlapping of photographing ranges does not occur between a first line image acquired within a light emission time period of the first illumination light source and a second line image acquired within a light emission time period of the second illumination light source. The data processing unit calculates an inclination of the surface of the strip-shaped body based on a differential line image obtained based on the first line image and the second line image.

Abstract: A shape inspection apparatus includes N illumination light sources, a line sensor camera, a measurement control unit, and a data processing unit. The measurement control unit controls the illumination light sources to modulate luminescence intensities at a frequency that is 1/N of a frequency of a scan rate of the line sensor camera, and to emit lights by sequentially repeating N different patterns of illumination intensity ratios. The data processing unit generates a first separated image and a second separated image based on a photographed image, generates a first mixing elimination image acquired by removing an unnecessary illumination component from the first separated image, and a second mixing elimination image acquired by removing an unnecessary illumination component from the second separated image, and calculates an inclination of the surface of the strip-shaped body based on a difference between the first mixing elimination image and the second mixing elimination image.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a shape measurement apparatus that is capable of detecting minute roughness irregularity at high speed across the entire width on the entire surface of a measurement object. [Solution] Provided is a shape measurement apparatus including: a light source configured to irradiate a surface of a moving strip-shaped body with linear light diagonally from an upstream side in a movement direction of the strip-shaped body; a screen configured such that reflected light of the linear light on the surface of the strip-shaped body is projected on the screen; an imaging unit configured to image the reflected light of the linear light projected on the screen; and an arithmetic processing unit configured to acquire surface roughness distribution of the strip-shaped body on the basis of width distribution of a light strip of the reflected light of the linear light projected on the screen.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a shape measurement apparatus that is capable of detecting minute roughness irregularity at high speed across the entire width on the entire surface of a measurement object. [Solution] Provided is a shape measurement apparatus including: a light source configured to irradiate a surface of a moving strip-shaped body with linear light diagonally from an upstream side in a movement direction of the strip-shaped body; a screen configured such that reflected light of the linear light on the surface of the strip-shaped body is projected on the screen; an imaging unit configured to image the reflected light of the linear light projected on the screen; and an arithmetic processing unit configured to acquire surface roughness distribution of the strip-shaped body on the basis of width distribution of a light strip of the reflected light of the linear light projected on the screen.

Abstract: The present invention provides pyridine derivatives useful as intermediates of drugs and agricultural chemicals, electrophotographic receptors, dyes and so on. More specifically, the invention relates to novel pyridyltetrahydropyridines and novel pyridylpiperidines, and further to a method of manufacturing pyridine derivatives through reaction between bipyridine derivatives and benzyl halide or benzyloxycarbonyl halide and subsequent reduction of the resultant reaction products with the aid of palladium catalysts, platinum catalysts, ruthenium catalysts or rhodium catalysts.

Abstract: A method in which a pyridinium derivative such as 1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-2-oxopyrimidinium chloride is reacted with an acetyl compound such as 4-acetylpyridine, and then the reaction product is reacted with ammonia or an ammonium salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides pyridine derivatives useful as intermediates of drugs and agricultural chemicals, electrophotographic receptors, dyes and so on. More specifically, the invention relates to novel pyridyltetrahydropyridines and novel pyridylpiperidines, and further to a method of manufacturing pyridine derivatives through reaction between bipyridine derivatives and benzyl halide or benzyloxycarbonyl halide and subsequent reduction of the resultant reaction products with the aid of palladium catalysts, platinum catalysts, ruthenium catalysts or rhodium catalysts.

Abstract: A production process where 2,3?-bipyridyl-6?-one can be produced in high purity at low cost on an industrial scale without using an expensive catalyst or special equipment is provided. A process for producing 2,3?-bipyridyl-6?-one comprises reacting an acetylpyridine derivative with at least one of compounds represented by formulae (II) to (V) to synthesize a bipyridine derivative and hydrolyzing the bipyridine derivative by one-pot preparation. In formulae (II) to (V), each of R2 to R8, X and Y represents a given group.

Abstract: The present invention provides pyridine derivatives useful as intermediates of drugs and agricultural chemicals, electrophotographic receptors, dyes and so on. More specifically, the invention relates to novel pyridyltetrahydropyridines and novel pyridylpiperidines, and further to a method of manufacturing pyridine derivatives through reaction between bipyridine derivatives and benzyl halide or benzyloxycarbonyl halide and subsequent reduction of the resultant reaction products with the aid of palladium catalysts, platinum catalysts, ruthenium catalysts or rhodium catalysts.

Abstract: An electric power steering system for an automotive vehicle, including a steering torque detecting device which detects a steering torque of a steering shaft. An electric motor is provided to generate an assist torque for assisting a driver's steering effort required for steering the vehicle and a counter-assist torque for increasing the driver's steering effort. The assist torque and the counter-assist torque are applied to a steering mechanism. Additionally, a controller is provided to output a drive command to the electric motor in accordance with the detected steering torque. The drive command is for causing the electric motor to generate the counter-assist torque when the detected steering torque is a transitional torque.

Abstract: The invention provides a bipyridine derivative useful as an intermediate for pharmaceutical products, agricultural chemicals, electrophotographic photosensitive materials, dyes and the like, which is a bipyridine derivative represented by the general formula (I) and a salt thereof: wherein R1 represents an alkyl group with 2 to 20 carbon atoms having a substituent, substituted or unsubstituted aminomethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, substituted or unsubstituted thiomethyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, substituted carbonyl group, substituted sulfonyl group, unsubstituted or monosubstituted carbamoyl group, unsubstituted or monosubstituted sulfamoyl group, substituted or unsubstituted thiol group, unsubstituted or monosubstituted amino group, substituted carbonylamino group, substituted or unsubstituted ureido group, nitro group, cyano group, formyl group or an equivalent thereof, iodine atom or flu

Abstract: The present invention provides pyridine derivatives useful as intermediates of drugs and agricultural chemicals, electrophotographic receptors, dyes and so on. More specifically, the invention relates to novel pyridyltetrahydropyridines and novel pyridylpiperidines, and further to a method of manufacturing pyridine derivatives through reaction between bipyridine derivatives and benzyl halide or benzyloxycarbonyl halide and subsequent reduction of the resultant reaction products with the aid of palladium catalysts, platinum catalysts, ruthenium catalysts or rhodium catalysts.

Abstract: In a multiplex power steering device for a wheeled vehicle, there is provided a control unit which includes a feedback computing part. The feedback computing part comprises an operating force estimating section that, by analyzing an output from a controlled system of actuators of a steering mechanism, estimates an output of the actuators, a disturbance estimating section that, by comparing a control signal actually fed to the actuators and the estimated output of the actuators, estimates a disturbance applied to the controlled system from the exterior, and a disturbance compensating section that adjusts the control signal in a manner to remove the estimated disturbance therefrom. The control unit calculates the control signal on the assumption that the actuators constitute a single actuator.

Abstract: A method in which a pyridinium derivative such as 1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-2-oxopyrimidinium chloride is reacted with an acetyl compound such as 4-acetylpyridine, and then the reaction product is reacted with ammonia or an ammonium salt.

Abstract: An electric power steering system for an automotive vehicle, including a steering torque detecting device which detects a steering torque of a steering shaft. An electric motor is provided to generate an assist torque for assisting a driver's steering effort required for steering the vehicle and a counter-assist torque for increasing the driver's steering effort. The assist torque and the counter-assist torque are applied to a steering mechanism. Additionally, a controller is provided to output a drive command to the electric motor in accordance with the detected steering torque. The drive command is for causing the electric motor to generate the counter-assist torque when the detected steering torque is a transitional torque.

Abstract: The invention provides a bipyridine derivative useful as an intermediate for pharmaceutical products, agricultural chemicals, electrophotographic photosensitive materials, dyes and the like, which is a bipyridine derivative represented by the general formula (I) and a salt thereof: wherein R1 represents an alkyl group with 2 to 20 carbon atoms having a substituent, substituted or unsubstituted aminomethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, substituted or unsubstituted thiomethyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, substituted carbonyl group, substituted sulfonyl group, unsubstituted or monosubstituted carbamoyl group, unsubstituted or monosubstituted sulfamoyl group, substituted or unsubstituted thiol group, unsubstituted or monosubstituted amino group, substituted carbonylamino group, substituted or unsubstituted ureido group, nitro group, cyano group, formyl group or an equivalent thereof, iodine atom or flu

Abstract: In a multiplex power steering device for a wheeled vehicle, there is provided a control unit which includes a feedback computing part. The feedback computing part comprises an operating force estimating section that, by analyzing an output from a controlled system of actuators of a steering mechanism, estimates an output of the actuators, a disturbance estimating section that, by comparing a control signal actually fed to the actuators and the estimated output of the actuators, estimates a disturbance applied to the controlled system from the exterior, and a disturbance compensating section that adjusts the control signal in a manner to remove the estimated disturbance therefrom. The control unit calculates the control signal on the assumption that the actuators constitute a single actuator.