Abstract: A thermostat device ensures a coolant amount from a bypass passage sufficiently and excellent temperature sensitivity to the coolant temperature. The thermo-operating unit is provided with a control valve for controlling an introduced coolant amount from a first flow inlet via a radiator, corresponding to the temperature of the coolant from a second flow inlet via a bypass passage. Within the housing are provided multiple guides, which are formed extending from the second flow inlet side toward a thermo-element, are arranged intermittently around the thermo-element, and support the thermo-element slidably movable in an axial direction and coolant rectifying protrusions arranged spaced apart from the thermo-element between the guides, wherein a detoured passage for the coolant, directed from the second flow inlet side toward an outflow port, is formed by forming gaps between the guides and the coolant rectifying protrusions.

Abstract: A thermostat device ensures a coolant amount from a bypass passage sufficiently and excellent temperature sensitivity to the coolant temperature. The thermo-operating unit is provided with a control valve for controlling an introduced coolant amount from a first flow inlet via a radiator, corresponding to the temperature of the coolant from a second flow inlet via a bypass passage. Within the housing are provided multiple guides, which are formed extending from the second flow inlet side toward a thermo-element, are arranged intermittently around the thermo-element, and support the thermo-element slidably movable in an axial direction and coolant rectifying protrusions arranged spaced apart from the thermo-element between the guides, wherein a detoured passage for the coolant, directed from the second flow inlet side toward an outflow port, is formed by forming gaps between the guides and the coolant rectifying protrusions.

Abstract: The thermostat device includes a housing including a first flow inlet that receives a coolant from a radiator, a second flow inlet that receives a coolant through a bypass passage, and a flow outlet of coolant in which each coolant is mixed; a thermo-element that is accommodated in the housing and moves in an axial direction depending on a temperature of the coolant from the second flow inlet; a control valve that controls amount of the coolant introduced from the first flow inlet as the thermo-element moves; a valve seat that is formed at a tip portion of an annular protrusion formed to protrude in a moving axis direction of the thermo-element in the housing and with which the control valve is in contact in a valve-closed state; and an annular groove formed by an annular gap provided outside of the valve seat and continuous in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: A thermostat device is provided that smoothens the flow of the coolant to keep the pressure loss small and can sufficiently secure the flow rate of the coolant from the radiator side to the engine side. A housing having a first inlet for introducing a coolant cooled by a radiator and a coolant outlet supplied to the internal combustion engine, a thermo-element accommodated in the housing that moves axially depending on the temperature of the coolant, a control valve that controls the amount of coolant introduced from the first inlet as the thermoelement moves in the axial direction, and a slope having an upward slope from the outlet side to the valve seat side inside the exit-side conduit extending from the valve seat in the housing, wherein the control valve is in contact with in the valve-closed state, toward the flow outlet of the coolant, are provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system for a multi-cylinder engine is provided, which includes an exhaust manifold connected to a cylinder head, a catalyst connected to a downstream end of the exhaust manifold in terms of an exhaust gas flow, an EGR gas outlet provided downstream of the catalyst, an in-head EGR passage penetrating the cylinder head, and an EGR pipe extending from the EGR gas outlet and directly connected to an inlet of the in-head EGR passage to lead EGR gas thereto. The catalyst is disposed so that the exhaust gas flows therein from a first side to a second side in an engine cylinder lined-up direction. The EGR gas outlet is located on the second side with respect to the center of the engine in the cylinder lined-up direction, and the inlet of the in-head EGR passage is located in the first side with respect to the engine center.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system for a multi-cylinder engine is provided, which includes an exhaust manifold connected to a cylinder head, a catalyst connected to a downstream end of the exhaust manifold in terms of an exhaust gas flow, an EGR gas outlet provided downstream of the catalyst, an in-head EGR passage penetrating the cylinder head, and an EGR pipe extending from the EGR gas outlet and directly connected to an inlet of the in-head EGR passage to lead EGR gas thereto. The catalyst is disposed so that the exhaust gas flows therein from a first side to a second side in an engine cylinder lined-up direction. The EGR gas outlet is located on the second side with respect to the center of the engine in the cylinder lined-up direction, and the inlet of the in-head EGR passage is located in the first side with respect to the engine center.

Abstract: An engine EGR system is provided, which includes an engine body, an intake passage, an exhaust passage and an EGR passage configured to recirculate exhaust gas as EGR gas to the intake passage. The EGR passage includes an EGR cooler and an EGR internal passage constituting the EGR passage upstream of the EGR cooler, and including a passage passing through a cylinder head. The EGR internal passage has a bent pipe part including a first bent portion at which an upstream portion of the EGR internal passage is bent away from a gas inflow port of the EGR cooler, a second bent portion located downstream of the first bent portion and bending the EGR internal passage toward the gas inflow port, and an intermediate portion connecting the first and the second bent portions by being disposed therebetween. The water-cooling passage is disposed around the bent pipe part.

Abstract: An engine EGR system is provided, which includes an engine body, an intake passage, an exhaust passage and an EGR passage configured to recirculate exhaust gas as EGR gas to the intake passage. The EGR passage includes an EGR cooler and an EGR internal passage constituting the EGR passage upstream of the EGR cooler, and including a passage passing through a cylinder head. The EGR internal passage has a bent pipe part including a first bent portion at which an upstream portion of the EGR internal passage is bent away from a gas inflow port of the EGR cooler, a second bent portion located downstream of the first bent portion and bending the EGR internal passage toward the gas inflow port, and an intermediate portion connecting the first and the second bent portions by being disposed therebetween. The water-cooling passage is disposed around the bent pipe part.

Abstract: An engine EGR system is provided. An EGR passage includes an EGR cooler, an EGR internal passage passing through a cylinder head on an upstream side of the EGR cooler, and a relay passage extending outside the cylinder head and connecting the EGR internal passage to the EGR cooler. The EGR cooler formed in a columnar shape is arranged above an intake manifold so as to locate a gas inflow port on a first end surface side and a gas outflow port on a second end surface side, and the relay passage communicates with the EGR internal passage on an external side of the engine compared to a head EGR gas exit. The EGR cooler inclines downward from the gas outflow port toward the gas inflow port, and the relay passage is connected to the gas inflow port while being bent downward toward the upstream side.

Abstract: A head-side jacket through which coolant flows is formed in a cylinder head. A main circulation path and a sub circulation path through which coolant fed from a coolant pump respectively circulates are formed. The head-side jacket is separated into an exhaust-port side jacket formed around an exhaust port, and a combustion-chamber-side jacket closer to a combustion chamber than the exhaust-port-side jacket. A heat exchanger is not formed in the main circulation path including the combustion-chamber-side jacket, but is formed in the sub circulation path excluding the combustion-chamber-side jacket and including the exhaust-port-side jacket.

Abstract: A head-side jacket through which coolant flows is formed in a cylinder head. A main circulation path and a sub circulation path through which coolant fed from a coolant pump respectively circulates are formed. The head-side jacket is separated into an exhaust-port side jacket formed around an exhaust port, and a combustion-chamber-side jacket closer to a combustion chamber than the exhaust-port-side jacket. A heat exchanger is not formed in the main circulation path including the combustion-chamber-side jacket, but is formed in the sub circulation path excluding the combustion-chamber-side jacket and including the exhaust-port-side jacket.

Abstract: A moving member 2 is rotatably and slidably arranged in a holder 11 having a spherical inner surface 11a. An inertia body 5 is connected to the moving member 2 via a supporting member 4. At a location opposite the inertia body 5, an arm 3 extends so that it is directed outwardly via an opening of the holder. A piezo electric actuator 63 is arranged between the rotating member 2 and the supporting member 4. An elongation of the actuator causes a relative swing movement between the inertia body 5 and moving member to occur in one direction such that a reaction force in the moving member 2 due to the inertia of the inertia body 5 exceeds the frictional force between the moving member 4 and the holder 11, which allows the moving member 4 to be displaced with respect to the holder 11.

Abstract: A micro machining apparatus forms a high-aspect structure having an optional depth in a workpiece at low cost. The apparatus applies high-frequency electric power to the workpiece and a machining electrode, to form a plasma zone in the vicinity of the leading end of the machining electrode. The apparatus guides a reactive gas into the plasma zone to activate the gas. The activated gas is adsorbed by the surface of the workpiece that faces the leading end of the machining electrode. The adsorbed gas reacts with the material of the workpiece and locally etches off the surface of the workpiece. A feed mechanism of the apparatus feeds the machining electrode toward the workpiece according to the progress of the etching, thereby forming a trench in the workpiece.

Abstract: An electrode for electrical discharge machining. This spark-machining electrode improves the accuracy at which the workpiece is machined by electrical discharge machining. The electrode can dispense with a mechanism which scans the spark-machining electrode or the workpiece. A plurality of needlelike electrodes are formed on the surface of the spark-machining electrode. The needlelike electrodes are so arranged that they are present in craters created by their respective adjacent needlelike electrodes. The plural electrodes form a group. The shape of the surface of this group is formed according to the desired shape to be formed in the workpiece. Art electric discharge occurs mainly at the tips of the needlelike electrodes and so the capacitance is smaller than the capacitance of the prior art flat-plate electrode. Also, the energy of a single electric discharge can be reduced.

Abstract: A thin film transistor having an inverted stagger type structure is formed on a substrate. A gate film having a gate electrode portion is formed on the substrate. A gate insulating film is formed on the gate electrode portion of the gate film such that the gate insulating film is located entirely inside a perimeter defied by the outer edges of the gate electrode portion. A polycrystalline semiconductor film, which is an active layer of the transistor, is formed on the gate insulating film such that it is entirely inside a perimeter defined by the outer edges of the gate insulating layer. The polycrystalline semiconductor film, gate insulating film and gate film are selectively photoetched after being formed on the substrate. Source and drain electrode films are formed so that the electrode films electrically connect with the polycrystalline semiconductor film.

Abstract: A method for forming a SiC film having a wide optical energy gap and a high conductivity, which is capable of being stacked on a substrate of a large area uniformly. The SiC film is formed by supplying a material gas composed of monosilane gas, methane gas, diboran gas and hydrogen gas and having a hydrogen dilution ratio of about 144 and carbon mixing ratio of about 0.35, to the substrate, and supplying rf power of 60 to 270W(rf power density=80 to 350mW/cm.sup.2) under a gas pressure of 0.2 torr at a substrate temperature of 220.degree. C. The obtained film exhibits high dark-conductivity of 10.sup.-6 Scm.sup.-1 or more, and a Raman spectrum light thereof peaks at around 520 cm.sup.-1.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device having mainly vertical semiconductor elements, a plurality of semiconductor elements are formed in spaced relationship from each other on an insulation layer formed on a substrate and therefore completed isolated electrically from each other. A plurality of semiconductor intermetallic compound layers used as electrodes are formed independently in the same spaced relationship as the semiconductor elements for the respective semiconductor elements, making it possible to determine the potential for each semiconductor element as desired. Both N-type DMOS and P-type DMOS or the like can thus be formed on a single seminconductor single crystal substrate.