Abstract: A driving/braking force manipulation control input of a k-th wheel, which denotes one or more specific wheels among a plurality of wheels of a vehicle, is determined such that a required condition concerning a relationship among a road surface reaction force that may act from a road surface on the k-th wheel on the basis of the detected values or estimated values of a side slip angle and a friction characteristic of the k-th wheel, a feedback control input related to the driving/braking force of the k-th wheel for bringing a difference between a state amount of the vehicle and a reference state amount close to zero, a driving/braking force feedforward control input based on a drive manipulated variable supplied by a driver of the vehicle, and a k-th wheel driving/braking force manipulation control input is satisfied.

Abstract: A sealant rubber composition which forms a spongy tacky sealant layer having moderate viscosity properties; and a pneumatic tire having in the tire main body a tacky sealant layer obtained by heating the rubber composition. The rubber composition comprises 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of a peroxide per 100 parts by weight of polymers comprising 95 to 50 parts by weight of a polymer decomposable with the peroxide and 5 to 50 parts by weight of a polymer crosslinkable with the peroxide.

Abstract: A self-sealing tire according to the present invention includes a pneumatic tire and a puncture sealing layer disposed over a whole tire inner wall surface from one shoulder portion to the other shoulder portion of the pneumatic tire. The puncture sealing layer comprises an annular sponge layer which is impregnated with an adhesive so as to be exposed on a radially outer surface side thereof, and a bonding layer of an adhesive which is provided on a radially outer surface of the sponge layer and is adhered to the tire inner wall surface. The sponge layer is provided in a compressed state. The puncture sealing layer is press attached to the tire inner wall surface by a recovery force of the compressed sponge layer.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having a tread, a sealant layer for prevention of puncturing being provided on the inner surface of the tire in the tread, a rubber cover layer covering the surface of the sealant layer. The rubber cover layer is formed of rubber having a JIS A hardness X of 50 to 70, and has a thickness Y (mm) satisfying the following expression in relation to the hardness X. ?0.025X+2.25?Y??0.025X+3.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire which makes it possible to effectively prevent puncture during running without involving a large increase in weight or degradation of riding comfortability. This pneumatic tire has a plurality of films disposed in the manner of fish scales in at least a region corresponding to a tread portion of an inner surface of the tire, each of the films being partially fixed on the inner surface of the tire, the fixed portions of the films being covered by the non-fixed portions of the other films.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire of which self-seal function can be improved while the increase in weight of the tire is minimized. The pneumatic tire having an adhesive sealant layer in the region corresponding to at least a tread portion on the inner side of the tire, the adhesive sealant layer being constituted from a rubber composition containing a rubber component to be decomposed by peroxide and 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of peroxide per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component, in which fibrillated short fibers with an average length of 100 to 5000 ?m are mixed and scattered.

Abstract: A self-seal tire according to the present invention has a puncture sealing layer located all over a tire inner wall surface from one shoulder portion to the other shoulder portion of a pneumatic tire. The puncture sealing layer comprises at least one band-shape seal layer, which includes a band-shape sponge layer and a bonding layer, the band-shape sponge layer being impregnated with an adhesive so that it is exposed on a tier wall surface side face of the band-shape sponge layer and spaced apart from a tire counter wall surface side face thereof, and the bonding layer being made of adhesive and provided on the tire wall surface side face. The band-shape seal layer is bonded through the bonding layer on the tire inner wall surface with the band-shape seal layer being wound in a circumferential direction of the tire.

Abstract: A self-sealing tire according to the present invention includes a pneumatic tire and a puncture sealing layer disposed over a whole tire inner wall surface from one shoulder portion to the other shoulder portion of the pneumatic tire. The puncture sealing layer comprises an annular sponge layer which is impregnated with an adhesive so as to be exposed on a radially outer surface side thereof, and a bonding layer of an adhesive which is provided on a radially outer surface of the sponge layer and is adhered to the tire inner wall surface. The sponge layer is provided in a compressed state. The puncture sealing layer is press attached to the tire inner wall surface by a recovery force of the compressed sponge layer.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrode plate for a color display, a manufacturing method thereof, and a color display using the display plate, capable of preventing the physical/chemical damage of a color filter or an organic protective film in a more convenient way and capable of improving the adhesive properties with a conductive film.

Abstract: A sealant rubber composition which forms a spongy tacky sealant layer having moderate viscosity properties; and a pneumatic tire having in the tire main body a tacky sealant layer obtained by heating the rubber composition. The rubber composition comprises 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of a peroxide per 100 parts by weight of polymers comprising 95 to 50 parts by weight of a polymer decomposable with the peroxide and 5 to 50 parts by weight of a polymer crosslinkable with the peroxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a tubeless tire capable of obtaining a sufficient sealing property even if application amount of a sealant agent is lessened. Tubeless tire 1 of this invention includes sealant layer 4 formed of the sealant agent so as to adhere firmly to the inside of inner liner layer 3 that keeps the inside of the tire airtightly. And cover layer 5 formed of the elastic body with high permeability adheres firmly to the inside of the sealant layer 4.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire which makes it possible to effectively prevent puncture during running without involving a large increase in weight or degradation of riding comfortability. This pneumatic tire has a plurality of films disposed in the manner of fish scales in at least a region corresponding to a tread portion of an inner surface of the tire, each of the films being partially fixed on the inner surface of the tire, the fixed portions of the films being covered by the non-fixed portions of the other films.

Abstract: A method of film deposition is disclosed, which eliminates the conventional problem that a coating film having a component concentration gradient in the thickness direction and thus having a boundary with a compositional gradient or a coating film in which two or more components coexist as a mixture thereof cannot be stably obtained by sputtering. In the method, two planar cathodes are closely arranged as a pair, and a voltage is applied thereto while alternately inverting the polarities thereof so that when a target A bonded to one of the cathodes is used as a negative electrode, then a target B bonded to the other cathode and differing to the target A in component is used as a positive electrode. The targets A and B are simultaneously bombarded with positive ions while passing a substrate in front of the targets so as to cross the cathodes.

Abstract: An optical element having a wavelength selectivity, which is easy to manufacture and reduces the manufacturing cost. The optical element comprises a light guide plate (22) having opposing two end faces (22a, 22b), and a multilayered film filter (23) formed on at least one of the opposing two end faces of the light guide plate. The multilayered film filter includes high-refractive-index dielectric layers and low-refractive-index dielectric layers laminated alternately and its thickness continuously changes in accordance with a position of the associated end face of the light guide plate. The center wavelength of transmitted light from the multilayered film filter differs in accordance with the position of the end face of the light guide plate. In a case where mixed light is input to the multilayered film filter from individual lenses via the light guide plate, the mixed light is separated to lights of different center wavelengths by the multilayered film filter that has different thicknesses.

Abstract: A self-seal tire according to the present invention has a puncture sealing layer located all over a tire inner wall surface from one shoulder portion to the other shoulder portion of a pneumatic tire. The puncture sealing layer comprises at least one band-shape seal layer, which includes a band-shape sponge layer and a bonding layer, the band-shape sponge layer being impregnated with an adhesive so that it is exposed on a tier wall surface side face of the band-shape sponge layer and spaced apart from a tire counter wall surface side face thereof, and the bonding layer being made of adhesive and provided on the tire wall surface side face. The band-shape seal layer is bonded through the bonding layer on the tire inner wall surface with the band-shape seal layer being wound in a circumferential direction of the tire.

Abstract: A method of film deposition is disclosed, which eliminates the conventional problem that a coating film having a component concentration gradient in the thickness direction and thus having a boundary with a compositional gradient or a coating film in which two or more components coexist as a mixture thereof cannot be stably obtained by sputtering. In the method, two planar cathodes are closely arranged as a pair, and a voltage is applied thereto while alternately inverting the polarities thereof so that when a target A bonded to one of the cathodes is used as a negative electrode, then a target B bonded to the other cathode and differing to the target A in component is used as a positive electrode. The targets A and B are simultaneously bombarded with positive ions while passing a substrate in front of the targets so as to cross the cathodes.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrode plate for a color display, a manufacturing method thereof, and a color display using the display plate, capable of preventing the physical/chemical damage of a color filter or an organic protective film in a more convenient way and capable of improving the adhesive properties with a conductive film.

Abstract: A transparent touch panel substrate comprising a transparent substrate and deposited thereon a transparent conductive metal oxide film which contains zinc, indium, and tin as metallic elements and is soluble in acids. The transparent conductive metal oxide film preferably contains zinc in an amount of from 40 to 65 atomic % based on all metals and contains indium in an amount of from 0.25 to 1.3 times the amount of tin on an atomic basis. The film preferably has a thickness of from 100 to 160 nm. Unlike the conventional substrate for resistive film type transparent touch panels which comprises a glass plate coated with a transparent conductive ITO film, the touch panel substrate of the invention combines three properties: high light transmittance; ease of processing in forming a transparent electrode by acid etching; and the transparent conductive film has a moderate sheet resistance of from 500 to 5,000&OHgr;.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gain equalizer which can adequately flatten the gain spectrum of an optical amplifier by reducing a deviation in center wavelength in accordance with a change in temperature, thereby improving the reproducibility and mass-productivity. The gain equalizer includes a minus filter. The minus filter includes a dielectric multilayer filter which has a transparent base having a first surface, a first dielectric thin film formed on the first surface and a second dielectric thin film formed on the first dielectric thin film. A difference between a refractive index of the first dielectric thin film and a refractive index of the second dielectric thin film is relatively small so that the minus filter has a reflection characteristic for reflecting an optical signal of a predetermined wavelength band including the peak wavelength of the gain spectrum.

Abstract: An optical element having wavelength selectivity, which is easy to manufacture and reduces the manufacturing cost. The optical element comprises a lens array (12) having one end face and a plurality of lenses (L1-L8) arranged on the one end face, and a multi-layered film filter (13) formed on the one end face (14) of the lens array. The multi-layered film filter includes high refractive-index dielectric layers and low refractive-index dielectric layers laminated alternately and its film thickness continuously changes in accordance with positions of the individual lenses. The center wavelength of transmitted light from the multi-layered film filter varies in accordance with the position of the lens array. In a case where mixed light enters the multi-layered film filter from the individual lenses, the mixed light is demultiplexed into lights of different center wavelengths by the multi-layered film filter that has difference thicknesses.