Abstract: The learning apparatus according to one exemplary embodiment includes: a pattern extractor that extracts a time fluctuation pattern of an amplitude of a feature frequency from state observation signal data up to a first time point, the state observation signal data indicating an operation state of equipment, the feature frequency being associated with a part of the equipment; a training data generator that generates, based on the time fluctuation pattern of the amplitude of the feature frequency, simulated state observation signal data representing the time fluctuation pattern of the amplitude of the feature frequency at and after the first time point, and generates training data including the simulated state observation signal data; and a learner that generates a classification model for determination of a failure state of the part of the equipment using the training data.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes an insulating substrate, first and second discharge electrodes in contact with the insulating substrate, the first and second discharge electrodes separated from each other and opposing each other, first and second outer electrodes on an outside surface of the insulating substrate, the first outer electrode being electrically connected to the first discharge electrode and the second outer electrode being electrically connected to the second discharge electrode, and a discharge auxiliary electrode spanning the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode in a region where the discharge electrodes oppose each other. The discharge auxiliary electrode includes semiconductor particles and metal particles. An average particle diameter of the metal particles is about 0.3 ?m to about 1.5 ?m.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes first and second discharge electrodes and a discharge auxiliary electrode that is electrically connected to the first and second discharge electrodes. The first and second discharge electrodes are located on or in an insulating substrate to at least partially face each other. The discharge auxiliary electrode includes first metal particles, second metal particles, and a binding agent. The first metal particles have a core-shell structure including a core section mainly including a first metal and a shell section which mainly includes an oxide of a second metal and which includes at least one portion with a cavity. The second metal particles have a core-shell structure including a core section mainly including the first metal and a shell section which mainly includes the oxide of the second metal and which has no cavity.

Abstract: An electro-static discharge protection device includes a ceramic base material, first and second outer electrodes on the outer surface of the ceramic base material, a hollow portion inside the ceramic base material, a first discharge electrode including a first end portion electrically connected to the first outer electrode and a second end portion in the hollow portion, a second discharge electrode including a first end portion electrically connected to the second outer electrode and a second end portion spaced apart from the first discharge electrode in the hollow portion, and a discharge supporting electrode including silicon carbide and between the second end portion of the first discharge electrode and the second end portion of the second discharge electrode. The elemental alkali metal in the ceramic base material is about 3 percent by weight or less.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes a base body, first and second discharge electrodes provided in the base body and facing each other in a lamination direction, and a discharge auxiliary electrode that is provided between the first and second discharge electrodes and electrically couples the first and second discharge electrodes. The base body includes a cavity provided around at least a portion of an outer surface of the discharge auxiliary electrode and the cavity exposes the first discharge electrode, the second discharge electrode, and a region that is included in the outer surface of the discharge auxiliary electrode and is present between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode.

Abstract: A multilayer wiring board includes: a multilayer body including a plurality of insulating layers; a lower outer electrode provided on a lower surface of the multilayer body; a first via conductor connected at one end to the lower outer electrode; a first in-plane conductor connected to another end of the first via conductor; a second via conductor provided within the multilayer body on a surface of the first in-plane conductor on the opposite side from a surface of the first in-plane conductor in a position distanced from the first via conductor viewed in a direction orthogonal to a layering direction of the multilayer body, one end of the second via conductor being connected to the first in-plane conductor; and a second in-plane conductor connected to another end of the second via conductor. A line width of the first in-plane conductor is narrower than that of the second in-plane conductor.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes first and second discharge electrodes and a discharge auxiliary electrode that is electrically connected to the first and second discharge electrodes. The first and second discharge electrodes are located on or in an insulating substrate to at least partially face each other. The discharge auxiliary electrode includes first metal particles, second metal particles, and a binding agent. The first metal particles have a core-shell structure including a core section mainly including a first metal and a shell section which mainly includes an oxide of a second metal and which includes at least one portion with a cavity. The second metal particles have a core-shell structure including a core section mainly including the first metal and a shell section which mainly includes the oxide of the second metal and which has no cavity.

Abstract: There is provided an ESD protection device capable of lowering a discharge starting voltage. An ESD protection device 1 includes a ceramic multilayer substrate 2, a first discharge electrode 4 and a second discharge electrode 5 arranged at a height position of the ceramic multilayer substrate, an end 4a of the first discharge electrode 4 and an end 5a of the second discharge electrode 5 facing each other, in which each of the first discharge electrode 4 and the second discharge electrode 5 contains a metal and a shrinkage suppression material having a lower rate of shrinkage than that of the metal at a temperature at which firing for the production of the ceramic multilayer substrate 2 is performed.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes a base body, first and second discharge electrodes provided in the base body and facing each other in a lamination direction, and a discharge auxiliary electrode that is provided between the first and second discharge electrodes and electrically couples the first and second discharge electrodes. The base body includes a cavity provided around at least a portion of an outer surface of the discharge auxiliary electrode and the cavity exposes the first discharge electrode, the second discharge electrode, and a region that is included in the outer surface of the discharge auxiliary electrode and is present between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode.

Abstract: An ESD protective device is provided which can lower a discharge start voltage. In an ESD protective device 1, first and second discharge electrodes 3 and 4 are disposed in a substrate 2 in a spaced relation with a discharge gap G interposed therebetween, and a conductor 9 is arranged around the discharge gap G. The conductor 9 has a nonlinear sectional shape in a section of the substrate 2 extending in a direction interconnecting a first principal surface 2a and a second principal surface 2b of the substrate 2 and passing the discharge gap G.

Abstract: An ESD protection device 1 has a ceramic insulating material 10, first and second discharge electrodes 21 and 22, and a discharge-assisting section 51. The first and second discharge electrodes 21 and 22 are disposed somewhere of the ceramic insulating material 10. The discharge-assisting section 51 is located between the distal end portion of the first discharge electrode 21 and the distal end portion of the second discharge electrode 22. The discharge-assisting section 51 is an electrode configured to reduce the discharge starting voltage between the first discharge electrode 21 and the second discharge electrode 22. The discharge-assisting section 51 is made from a sintered body containing conductive particles and at least one of semiconductor particles and insulating particles. The first and second discharge electrodes contain at least one of the semiconductor material constituting the semiconductor particles and the insulating material constituting the insulating particles.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes an insulating substrate, first and second discharge electrodes in contact with the insulating substrate, the first and second discharge electrodes separated from each other and opposing each other, first and second outer electrodes on an outside surface of the insulating substrate, the first outer electrode being electrically connected to the first discharge electrode and the second outer electrode being electrically connected to the second discharge electrode, and a discharge auxiliary electrode spanning the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode in a region where the discharge electrodes oppose each other. The discharge auxiliary electrode includes semiconductor particles and metal particles. An average particle diameter of the metal particles is about 0.3 ?m to about 1.5 ?m.

Abstract: An electro-static discharge protection device includes a ceramic base material, first and second outer electrodes on the outer surface of the ceramic base material, a hollow portion inside the ceramic base material, a first discharge electrode including a first end portion electrically connected to the first outer electrode and a second end portion in the hollow portion, a second discharge electrode including a first end portion electrically connected to the second outer electrode and a second end portion spaced apart from the first discharge electrode in the hollow portion, and a discharge supporting electrode including silicon carbide and between the second end portion of the first discharge electrode and the second end portion of the second discharge electrode. The elemental alkali metal in the ceramic base material is about 3 percent by weight or less.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes an insulative substrate, first and second discharge electrodes contacting the insulative substrate, the first and second discharge electrodes being spaced apart from and opposed to each other, first and second outer electrodes provided on an outside surface of the insulative substrate and electrically connected to the first and second discharge electrodes, respectively; and a discharge auxiliary electrode extending from the first discharge electrode to the second discharge electrode in a region where the first and second discharge electrodes oppose each other. The discharge auxiliary electrode includes semiconductor particles and metal particles having an average particle diameter of about 0.3 ?m to about 1.5 ?m, and a density of the metal particles at a random cross-section of the discharge auxiliary electrode is greater than or equal to about 20 particles/50 ?m2.

Abstract: An ESD protection device 1 includes an insulating member 10, first and second discharge electrodes 21 and 22, a first outer electrode 31, a second outer electrode 32, and inner conductors 41 and 42. The first and second discharge electrodes 21 and 22 are provided in the insulating member 10. The first outer electrode 31 is provided on an outer surface of the insulating member 10. The first outer electrode 31 is electrically connected to the first discharge electrode 21. The second outer electrode 32 is provided on an outer surface of the insulating member 10. The second outer electrode 32 is electrically connected to the second discharge electrode 22. The inner conductors 41 and 42 are provided in the insulating member 10. The inner conductors 41 and 42 are connected to the first outer electrode 31 or the second outer electrode 32.

Abstract: An ESD protection device having high insulation reliability and excellent discharge characteristics is provided. In an ESD protection device including a first and a second discharge electrode disposed to face each other, a discharge auxiliary electrode (18) formed so as to bridge the first and second discharge electrodes, and an insulating substrate holding the first and second discharge electrodes and the discharge auxiliary electrode (18), the discharge auxiliary electrode (18) is formed of an aggregate of metal grains (24) each having a core-shell structure comprising a core portion (22) primarily formed of a first metal and a shell portion (23) primarily formed of a metal oxide containing a second metal, and the aggregate of metal grains (24) further includes an insulating resin (27) which bonds the metal grains (24) to each other.

Abstract: A multilayer wiring board includes: a multilayer body including a plurality of insulating layers; a lower outer electrode provided on a lower surface of the multilayer body; a first via conductor connected at one end to the lower outer electrode; a first in-plane conductor connected to another end of the first via conductor; a second via conductor provided within the multilayer body on a surface of the first in-plane conductor on the opposite side from a surface of the first in-plane conductor in a position distanced from the first via conductor viewed in a direction orthogonal to a layering direction of the multilayer body, one end of the second via conductor being connected to the first in-plane conductor; and a second in-plane conductor connected to another end of the second via conductor. A line width of the first in-plane conductor is narrower than that of the second in-plane conductor.

Abstract: An ESD protection device providing highly reliable insulation and having good discharge characteristics is provided. An ESD protection device has opposing first and second discharge electrodes, an auxiliary discharge electrode (18) astride between the first and second discharge electrodes, and an insulating substrate (12) supporting the first and second discharge electrodes and the auxiliary discharge electrode (18). The auxiliary discharge electrode (18) is composed of an assembly of core-shell metal particles (24) that have a core portion (22) mainly composed of a first metal and a shell portion (23) mainly composed of a metal oxide that contains a second metal. The metal particles (24) are substantially completely covered with the shell portion (23) mainly composed of the metal oxide, and this improves the insulation reliability of the device against discharge. Preferably, the metal particles (24) have a bond with each other with a vitreous substance (27) therebetween.

Abstract: Provided is an ESD protection device having excellent discharge characteristics at a low applied voltage. An ESD protection device includes a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode that are disposed so as to face each other, a discharge auxiliary electrode formed so as to span between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode, and an insulator base that holds the first discharge electrode, the second discharge electrode, and the discharge auxiliary electrode. The discharge auxiliary electrode includes a plurality of metal particles (22) containing a first metal as a main component. Fine irregularities are formed on the surfaces of the metal particles (22). More specifically, the metal particles (22) has a fractal dimension D of 1.03 or more. Since electric charges are concentrated on the fine irregularities, discharge can be generated in the discharge auxiliary electrode by applying a relatively low voltage.

Abstract: Provided is an ESD protection device having high insulation reliability and good discharge characteristics. An ESD protection device includes a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode that are disposed so as to face each other, a discharge auxiliary electrode (18) formed so as to span between the first discharge electrode and the second discharge electrode, and an insulator base that holds the first discharge electrode, the second discharge electrode, and the discharge auxiliary electrode (18). The discharge auxiliary electrode (18) includes an aggregate of a plurality of metal particles (24) each having a core-shell structure including a core portion (22) that contains, as a main component, a first metal and a shell portion (23) that contains, as a main component, a metal oxide containing a second metal. A pore (26) is present in at least part of the shell portion (23).