Abstract: A slide fastener includes a pair of waterproof stringers comprising a pair of woven and/or knitted fastener tapes, a pair of coil elements respectively secured to opposing side-edge portions of the pair of fastener tapes, and waterproof films respectively overlaid via adhesives on tape top surfaces of the fastener tapes of the pair of fastener tapes, and a slider that moves forward to engage the pair of coil elements and moves rearward to disengage the pair of coil elements. Each of the waterproof films has a film edge positioned over a space between the opposing side-edge portions of the pair of fastener tapes, the film edge supported by a supporting portion made of the adhesive solidified, the supporting portion partially occupying the space between the opposing side-edge portions of the pair of fastener tapes, and the supporting portion having a thickness greater than a thickness of the film edge.

Abstract: Slide fastener includes a pair of waterproof stringers including a pair of woven and/or knitted fastener tapes, a pair of coil elements respectively secured to opposing side-edge portions of the pair of fastener tapes, and waterproof films respectively overlaid via adhesives on tape top surfaces of the fastener tapes of the pair of fastener tapes, and a slider that moves forward to engage the pair of coil elements and moves rearward to disengage the pair of coil elements. The adhesive penetrates into a structure of the fastener tape such that the waterproof film and the fastener tape are in direct contact at least partially.

Abstract: A charging system includes at least one facility connected to a feeder of a contract power source; and a charger connected to the feeder, wherein charging power is output to charge an electrical storage device, such as a battery, by an operation of a power converter in the charger. The charger stores power consumption values of facilities and a rated power value for a power that the charger can output within the range of contract power. A charging power computing section computes charging power by subtracting the total value of the power consumption values of facilities in operation from the rated power value. A power converter charges a battery based on the computed charging power.

Abstract: A control apparatus controlling a DC/DC converter. The control apparatus switches on and off switching devices to transfer the electric power from a main storage battery to an auxiliary battery. The control apparatus includes a control circuit controlling the switching on and off, a voltage monitor detecting the over and under voltage of the main storage battery, and a gate drive circuit, including a driving transformer, driving the switching devices. The control apparatus utilizes the large current, which flows on the control circuit side of the driving transformer by short-circuiting the output side of the transformer in response to the detected over or under voltage, to transfer the isolated signal indicating the main storage battery voltage to the control circuit side. The control apparatus is more reliable than conventional control apparatuses, which employ a photo-coupler to transfer the isolated signal to the control circuit side.

Abstract: An inter-vehicle distance to a preceding or following vehicle is reliably determined by using a simple processing, to alert the following vehicle to approach a dangerous range. The distance measurement apparatus includes a pair of light-receiving devices disposed on image-forming surfaces of lenses and having sensor lines and measurement windows on each sensor line at a certain interval, a distance detection device, a white line detection device and a vehicle detection device. The distance detection device detects distances at points, the coordinates of which are specified by the sensor line numbers and measurement window addresses. By using the detection results, the white line detection device detects a sensor line in which a white line on a road surface is present.