Abstract: The invention provides a game ball, useful for children's safety, which can be detected far enough away a distance by a vehicle-onboard radar. The invention provides a game ball wherein a reflector member 12 is disposed within a spherical shell 13, the diagonal distance of the reflector member coincides with the inner diameter of the spherical shell, the reflector member has a shape constructed by combining three regular polygon plates 11A, 11B, 11C, the center angle of one side thereof being an integral submultiple of 90°, in such a manner that the centers of the three regular polygon plates are coincident and that the three regular polygon plates are perpendicular to each other, and a surface of said reflector member 12 is imparted with electromagnetic wave reflectivity.

Abstract: The invention aims to converge predistortion coefficients efficiently in a predistorter adapted to compensate for distortion generated in an amplifier. Level detection means detects the level of a signal input to an amplifier. Signal acquisition means acquire a signal output from the amplifier as a feedback signal. Correspondence acquisition means updates a predistortion coefficient expressed using a set of orthogonal polynomials so that a distortion component contained in the acquired feedback signal is reduced and acquires a correspondence between the level of the signal input to the amplifier and a control coefficient for predistortion (contents of a distortion compensation table). Predistortion executing means applies distortion for predistortion with respect to the signal input to the amplifier in accordance with the control coefficient for predistortion that corresponds to the detected level based on the acquired correspondence.

Abstract: Disclosed herewith is a radio communication apparatus capable of selecting proper one of plural communication modes such as a MIMO communication system so as to obtain a higher communication rate within a range in which chain retransmission occurrence is prevented. The MIMO system deciding section of the transmitter unit decides a proper MIMO system with reference to the CQI value demultiplexed by a demultiplexer and the AMC table controlling section changes the MCS value step by step according to the transmission count and the result (success/failure) of the communication. Furthermore, the AMC table controlling section updates the mean rate in the measured rate table when the subject data is received successfully or when the transmission count reaches the maximum value.

Abstract: In a radio communication apparatus, a MIMO system deciding section of a transmitter unit decides an object MIMO communication system with reference to a CQI value and a measured rate table while an AMC table controlling section selects an object MCS value according to the decided MIMO communication system and CQI value. The AMC table controlling section changes the MCS value step by step according to a transmission count and a result (success/failure) of the communication. If the communication (receiving) is successful or if the transmission count reaches the maximum value, the controlling section updates the mean value of the measured rate table. At this time, based on a value estimated from the combination of the MIMO communication system, the encoding system, and the modulating system that are used currently, the controlling section changes the reference for selecting another combination that are not used currently.

Abstract: A propagation path estimator in a terminal station detects an average RSSI value for a downlink channel, and notifies a base station of the detected average RSSI value. The base station in turn receives the average RSSI value for the downlink channel from the terminal station, and detects an average RSSI value for an uplink channel by its propagation path estimator. Then, an adaptive modulation controller in the base station compares the lower one of the received average RSSI value for the downlink channel and the detected average RSSI value for the uplink channel with a threshold to determine a modulation scheme. The base station notifies the determined modulation scheme to the terminal station such that the modulation scheme is set to a modulator while a corresponding demodulation scheme is set to a demodulator in the terminal station.

Abstract: The invention aims to converge predistortion coefficients efficiently in a predistorter adapted to compensate for distortion generated in an amplifier. Level detection means (11) detects the level of a signal input to an amplifier (4). Signal acquisition means (5-7) acquire a signal output from the amplifier as a feedback signal. Correspondence acquisition means (14) updates a predistortion coefficient expressed using a set of orthogonal polynomials so that a distortion component contained in the acquired feedback signal is reduced and acquires a correspondence between the level of the signal input to the amplifier and a control coefficient for predistortion (contents of a distortion compensation table (12)). Predistortion executing means (13) applies distortion for predistortion with respect to the signal input to the amplifier in accordance with the control coefficient for predistortion that corresponds to the detected level based on the acquired correspondence.

Abstract: The invention provides a game ball, useful for children's safety, which can be detected far enough away a distance by a vehicle-onboard radar. The invention provides a game ball wherein a reflector member 12 is disposed within a spherical shell 13, the diagonal distance of the reflector member coincides with the inner diameter of the spherical shell, the reflector member has a shape constructed by combining three regular polygon plates 11A, 11B, 11C, the center angle of one side thereof being an integral submultiple of 90°, in such a manner that the centers of the three regular polygon plates are coincident and that the three regular polygon plates are perpendicular to each other, and a surface of said reflector member 12 is imparted with electromagnetic wave reflectivity.

Abstract: Provided is a maximum likelihood decoding method of separating and estimating multiple transmitted signals transmitted by multiple transmitter antennas from multiple received signals received by multiple receiver antennas, comprising: a first step of generating a channel matrix based on channel impulse responses corresponding to the received signals; a second step of dividing the generated channel matrix into multiple sub-matrices, of identifying parts of the received signals corresponding to the sub-matrices obtained through the division, and of transforming the sub-matrices obtained through the division, by using inverse matrices of the sub-matrices obtained through the division; a third step of applying QR decomposition to the transformed sub-matrices to obtain triangular matrices, and of transforming the received signals of the parts by using the obtained triangular matrices; and a fourth step of determining one combination candidate for the parts of the transmitted signals corresponding to the transforme

Abstract: Provided is a maximum likelihood decoding method that includes the steps of; firstly arranging channel impulse responses corresponding to the received signals in a plurality of different orders; secondly specifying the same number of parts as the plurality of different orders in which the channel impulse responses are arranged, so that the received signals are placed in each of the parts; thirdly generating channel matrices each having the channel impulse responses as matrix elements, by using the channel impulse responses arranged in the plurality of different orders, obtaining triangular matrices by applying QR decomposition to the generated channel matrices, and determining at least one combination candidate for each of the parts of the plurality of transmission signals by using the obtained triangular matrices; and fourthly selecting the combination candidates so that a Euclidean distance between the combination candidates determined in the third step is shortest.

Abstract: A demodulator of a differential detection system for a ?/4 shifted QPSK or DQPSK modulation wave in digital communication. The demodulator includes a differential detector connected to receive orthogonal components of the modulation wave, a corrector connected to receive an output of the differential detector for correcting a deviated distribution of signal points on a constellation, and a slicer/decoder connected to receive an output of the corrector. The slicer/decoder decodes a received bit from the signal points after the deviated distribution is corrected. The corrector has average calculators connected to receive respective outputs of the differential detector, and subtractors connected to receive the associated outputs of the differential detector and also to receive associated outputs of the average calculators for subtracting an average value of the outputs of the differential detector from the outputs of the differential detector.

Abstract: A wireless terminal detects the symbol timing in a received modulated signal and demodulates the signal. Symbol timing can be stably controlled, even when frequency deviation occurs in the wireless communication frequencies. Sampling means samples signal values of the modulated signals at a period that is shorter than the symbol period. An extraction means extracts, from a plurality of sampling points, what are taken to be signal values at symbol timing points, and sampling point demodulation means performs demodulation with respect to signal values at each sampling point. A value detection means is used to detect the power value at each sampling point resulting from the demodulation. Symbol timing control means are used to control the timing taken to be symbol timing by the extraction means, based on the power values at the sampling points.

Abstract: A mono-conical antenna serving as a dielectric-loaded antenna includes: (i) a electricity supply electrode, which has a conical surface; (ii) an earth electrode, which has a flat surface that is so positioned as to face an apex of the conical surface; and (iii) a dielectric member, which is provided between the conical surface and the flat surface. The dielectric member has an outer circumferential surface which has such a slope that extends from a side of the conical surface to a side of the flat surface. This allows the dielectric-loaded antenna to have a small size, and to handle a wider frequency band in which the maximum value of the VSWR is restrained to be small.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a pretreatment method for coating the surface of metal for vehicle chassis, in which a phosphorus element is not essential, the formation of sludge is extremely small, waste water treatment is facilitated, and a chemical conversion coat having adequate adhesion and adequate corrosion resistance can be formed. A pretreatment method for coating a surface of metal for vehicle chassis comprising treating the surface of metal for vehicle chassis with a chemical conversion treating solution to form a chemical conversion coat, wherein said chemical conversion treating solution comprises zirconium in an amount of 50 to 500 ppm on the metal element equivalent basis, and at least one silane compound selected from the group consisting of ?-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, hydrolysates of ?-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ?-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and hydrolysates of ?-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; and has a pH of 2 to 6.

Abstract: A propagation path estimator in a terminal station detects an average RSSI value for a downlink channel, and notifies a base station of the detected average RSSI value. The base station in turn receives the average RSSI value for the downlink channel from the terminal station, and detects an average RSSI value for an uplink channel by its propagation path estimator. Then, an adaptive modulation controller in the base station compares the lower one of the received average RSSI value for the downlink channel and the detected average RSSI value for the uplink channel with a threshold to determine a modulation scheme. The base station notifies the determined modulation scheme to the terminal station such that the modulation scheme is set to a modulator while a corresponding demodulation scheme is set to a demodulator in the terminal station.

Abstract: A demodulator of a differential detection system for a &pgr;/4 shifted QPSK or DQPSK modulation wave in digital communication. The demodulator includes a differential detector connected to receive orthogonal components of the modulation wave, a corrector connected to receive an output of the differential detector for correcting a deviated distribution of signal points on a constellation, and a slicer/decoder connected to receive an output of the corrector. The slicer/decoder decodes a received bit from the signal points after the deviated distribution is corrected. The corrector has average calculators connected to receive respective outputs of the differential detector, and subtractors connected to receive the associated outputs of the differential detector and also to receive associated outputs of the average calculators for subtracting an average value of the outputs of the differential detector from the outputs of the differential detector.

Abstract: An apparatus used for an epitaxial vapor growing arrangement and for detecting whether a wafer is properly seated within a susceptor contained therein. The apparatus includes a semiconductor laser element that generates a laser beam which irradiates the wafer's surface. The apparatus, further, includes a combination of a stop mechanism, a condenser lens and a photo diode, which detects the laser beam reflected from the wafer surface and an operation circuit, which determines the wafer's posture on the susceptor. During operation, the reflected laser beam focuses on a receiving surface of the photo diode through the condenser lens. The operation circuit then compares the output signal from the photo diode with a preset reference value for discriminating the slope of the wafer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an unnecessary frequency component removal unit for removing unnecessary frequency components from a signal supplied from a detector, a unit for obtaining a measured value of delay spread of the signal supplied from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit, an adaptive equalizer for performing adaptive equalization on the signal supplied from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit, and a decoding unit for decoding an input signal, wherein the signal from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit is supplied to the decoding unit through the adaptive equalizer when the measured value of delay spread is larger than a predetermined value, whereas the signal from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit is supplied to the decoding unit without being passed through the adaptive equalizer when the measured value of delay spread is not larger than the predetermined value.

Abstract: A concrete coloring material and a process for coloring concrete by means of such a concrete coloring material capable of permitting concrete to exhibit natural color or aesthetic properties while preventing concrete from being substantially discolored. Polyethylene oxide is used as a water-soluble adhesive or gIue. The oxide is mixed with a composition such as dye, pigment, a mixture thereof or the like, to thereby permit the composition to penetrate into the concrete.

Abstract: A concrete coloring material and a process for coloring concrete by means of such a concrete coloring material capable of permitting concrete to exhibit natural color or aesthetic properties while preventing concrete from being substantially discolored. Polyethylene oxide is used as a water-soluble adhesive or glue. The oxide is mixed with a composition such as dye, pigment, a mixture thereof or the like, to thereby permit the composition to penetrate into the concrete.

Abstract: In a multichamber type sheet-after-sheet type of treating apparatus, there are provided an inlet/outlet port capable of independently control pressure and atmosphere in the port, a platform connected to the inlet/outlet port, a plurality of treating chambers connected to the platform, at least two supporting members in the inlet/outlet port for supporting a material to be treated, a hand formed in the platform for supporting the material, and a device for horizontally swinging the hand. In operation, the materials to be treated are treated in the treating chambers at different times, a treated material and a not yet treated material are exchanged between the inlet/outlet port and surrounding air, and one of treating chambers and the platform are interconnected after completion of the treatment for exchanging a treated material and a not yet treated material.