Abstract: The invention is intended to simplify a default mechanism of a throttle valve opening and closing device for the purpose of improving mountability of the device to a vehicle. When a motor generate no driving forces, a throttle valve is held in a position (1) by a return spring. In this position, gaps are formed between the throttle valve and a wall surface of an intake passage. Spherical recesses are formed in parts of the wall surface of the intake passage. In a position (2) where the throttle valve is opposed to the spherical recesses, the gaps are minimized in an operating range of the throttle valve.

Abstract: A control device controls a hybrid-four-wheel-driven vehicle wherein one of the front-wheel pair and the rear-wheel pair is an engine-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an engine, and the other pair is an electric-motor-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an electric motor. In the event of slipping of the engine-driven wheels, the system increases the engine output so as to increase the driving force of the electric-motor-driven wheels for increasing the total driving force mad up of the engine-driven-wheel driving force and the electric-motor-driven-wheel driving force, thereby improving acceleration performance, unlike conventional techniques. This provides a control device for suppressing deterioration in acceleration performance of the vehicle in a case of slipping of engine-driven wheels during acceleration.

Abstract: A hybrid car capable of stably ensuring the bad road running property, obtaining large acceleration in a satisfactory road surface state, and simultaneously when no large acceleration is required, running with fuel consumption kept unchanged is provided. The hybrid car is composed of an engine 1 for driving either of front wheels 2 and rear wheels 8, a generator 10 driven by the engine, a wheel driving motor 14 for driving engine non-driven wheels by power of the generator, a supercharger driving motor 1b for driving a supercharger 1a by the generator, a power distributor 12 adjusting power quantity for distributing the power from the generator to the supercharger motor and wheel driving motor, and a controller 7 for inputting information of wheel speed sensors 3a and 3b and controlling power distribution of the distributor.

Abstract: A vehicle drive unit, for quickly recovering a grip even if a wheel slips, in which in a slip state or at a time when the slip state is going to be generated, by pulsating a torque applied to the wheel, an angular velocity W of the wheel is changed so as to change the slip ratio S close to a slip ratio at which a friction coefficient becomes maximum, and thus, an average of a friction coefficient ? is enlarged and an average of a vehicle driving force F generated by a wheel is enlarged. Since the vehicle driving force is enlarged, the vehicle is accelerated and is easily gripped. Further, in a grip state or at a time of traveling at a high velocity, a vibration and an undesired sound are suppressed by doing away with the torque pulsation or making the fluctuation band of the torque pulsation small.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system comprises an injector for injecting urea water into an exhaust duct, and a denitration catalyst disposed downstream of the injector with respect to a flow of exhaust gas. The exhaust aftertreatment system reduces nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas by the denitration catalyst while using ammonia produced from the urea water injected from the injector. The urea water is injected along a direction of the flow of the exhaust gas within the exhaust duct, and a porous plate is disposed in multiple stages in a space of the exhaust duct such that droplets of the injected urea water impinge against the porous plate before reaching a wall surface of the exhaust duct. A surface of the porous plate subjected to the impingement of the droplets is arranged to face downstream with respect to the flow of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: The invention is intended to simplify a default mechanism of a throttle valve opening and closing device for the purpose of improving mountability of the device to a vehicle. When a motor generate no driving forces, a throttle valve is held in a position (1) by a return spring. In this position, gaps are formed between the throttle valve and a wall surface of an intake passage. Spherical recesses are formed in parts of the wall surface of the intake passage. In a position (2) where the throttle valve is opposed to the spherical recesses, the gaps are minimized in an operating range of the throttle valve.

Abstract: A cylinder-shaped flow passage in which a first fluid flows includes an internal cylinder which is smaller in diameter than the flow passage. A swirl-generating stator having four vanes is radially fixed in the internal cylinder. A header space for supplying a second fluid is provided to the outer circumference of a wall surface of the internal cylinder in contact with flow separation areas which are formed along downstream surfaces of the swirl-generating stator as the first fluid runs into the swirl-generating stator. The wall surface of the internal cylinder is formed with openings through which the flow separation areas communicate with the header space. The second fluid supplied into the header space flows through the openings into the flow separation areas, and is diffused along the vanes of the swirl-generating stator to be swirled and mixed into the first fluid applied with swirling force by the swirl-generating stator.

Abstract: A control device controls a hybrid-four-wheel-driven vehicle wherein one of the front-wheel pair and the rear-wheel pair is an engine-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an engine, and the other pair is an electric-motor-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an electric motor. In the event of slipping of the engine-driven wheels, the system increases the engine output so as to increase the driving force of the electric-motor-driven wheels for increasing the total driving force mad up of the engine-driven-wheel driving force and the electric-motor-driven-wheel driving force, thereby improving acceleration performance, unlike conventional techniques. This provides a control device for suppressing deterioration in acceleration performance of the vehicle in a case of slipping of engine-driven wheels during acceleration.

Abstract: A control device controls a hybrid-four-wheel-driven vehicle wherein one of the front-wheel pair and the rear-wheel pair is an engine-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an engine, and the other pair is an electric-motor-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an electric motor. In the event of slipping of the engine-driven wheels, the system increases the engine output so as to increase the driving force of the electric-motor-driven wheels for increasing the total driving force made up of the engine-driven-wheel driving force and the electric-motor-driven-wheel driving force, thereby improving acceleration performance, unlike conventional techniques. This provides a control device for suppressing deterioration in acceleration performance of the vehicle in a case of slipping of engine-driven wheels during acceleration.

Abstract: Information storage element 102 and transmitter-receiver 103 are molded in resin connector part 101 of fuel injection valve 100 which projects outside of the engine by molding. The precise control of an injection amount is enabled by using directly the characteristic of injection amount stored in information storage element 102, and obtaining the width of the injection command pulse corresponding to the injection amount instruction value. Thereby, the minimum injection amount which is the minimum value of the fuel supply amount which can be controlled is reduced.

Abstract: It is desirable prevent the speed of an engine, that is driving an electric-power generator, from abruptly increasing when electric power generation by the electric power generator, which supplies electric power to a wheel-driving motor, is stopped. Thus, a control apparatus is provided for a vehicle electric power generator to control the amount of electric power generated by the electric power generator, which is connected to, and driven by, an engine for driving a vehicle. Wheel speed detection means is provided to detect slipping of the wheels, and the control apparatus operates to ensure that, when the amount of electric power generated is to be reduced, if the wheels are not slipping, the amount of electric power generation by the electric power generator is slowly reduced, in comparison with the case where the wheels are slipping.

Abstract: The invention is intended to simplify a default mechanism of a throttle valve opening and closing device for the purpose of improving mountability of the device to a vehicle. When a motor generate no driving forces, a throttle valve is held in a position (1) by a return spring. In this position, gaps are formed between the throttle valve and a wall surface of an intake passage. Spherical recesses are formed in parts of the wall surface of the intake passage. In a position (2) where the throttle valve is opposed to the spherical recesses, the gaps are minimized in an operating range of the throttle valve.

Abstract: A motor control apparatus for a hybrid car is capable of reducing a spin of the wheel driven by the motor. The hybrid car comprises an engine driven wheel driven by an engine and a motor driven wheel to be driven by a motor for driving the wheel not driven by the engine. The hybrid car has an engine 11, a front wheel 12 driven by the engine 11, a generator 15 connected to this engine and driven thereby, an electric motor 13 for driving the rear wheel 14 using power provided by the generator without being driven by the engine, and a controller 20 mounted on the car to control the output of this electric motor. The controller 20 controls the field currents of the electric motor and generator in such a way that the driving torque of the motor driven wheel to be driven by the electric motor is smaller than the driving torque of the engine driven wheel to be driven by the engine, thereby ensuring traction and car stability.

Abstract: A hybrid car capable of stably ensuring the bad road running property, obtaining large acceleration in a satisfactory road surface state, and simultaneously when no large acceleration is required, running with fuel consumption kept unchanged is provided. The hybrid car is composed of an engine 1 for driving either of front wheels 2 and rear wheels 8, a generator 10 driven by the engine, a wheel driving motor 14 for driving engine non-driven wheels by power of the generator, a supercharger driving motor 1b for driving a supercharger 1a by the generator, a power distributor 12 adjusting power quantity for distributing the power from the generator to the supercharger motor and wheel driving motor, and a controller 7 for inputting information of wheel speed sensors 3a and 3b and controlling power distribution of the distributor.

Abstract: The heating injector in which the fuel is heated within a short time when starting and the size of a fuel atomized particle is very small h as casing 10 for a fuel injection valve which supplies fuel to an engine, orifice member 50 with an orifice through which fuel passes, plunger 20 which carries out switching action of orifice, swirl chip 30 which contacts the orifice member and the casing at a plurality of positions, and forms a fuel passage blocked by a plurality of narrow portions and a fuel heating space channel where entrance side was blocked by the narrow portion in the downstream side, and a heater which is arranged between fuel passage forming member and casing and supported by either of the fuel passage forming member or the casing in a plurality of parts in the fuel passage.

Abstract: A control device controls a hybrid-four-wheel-driven vehicle wherein one of the front-wheel pair and the rear-wheel pair is an engine-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an engine, and the other pair is an electric-motor-driven-wheel pair which is driven by an electric motor. In the event of slipping of the engine-driven wheels, the system increases the engine output so as to increase the driving force of the electric-motor-driven wheels for increasing the total driving force mad up of the engine-driven-wheel driving force and the electric-motor-driven-wheel driving force, thereby improving acceleration performance, unlike conventional techniques. This provides a control device for suppressing deterioration in acceleration performance of the vehicle in a case of slipping of engine-driven wheels during acceleration.

Abstract: The invention is intended to simplify a default mechanism of a throttle valve opening and closing device for the purpose of improving mountability of the device to a vehicle. When a motor generate no driving forces, a throttle valve is held in a position (1) by a return spring. In this position, gaps are formed between the throttle valve and a wall surface of an intake passage. Spherical recesses are formed in parts of the wall surface of the intake passage. In a position (2) where the throttle valve is opposed to the spherical recesses, the gaps are minimized in an operating range of the throttle valve.

Abstract: The invention is intended to simplify a default mechanism of a throttle valve opening and closing device for the purpose of improving mountability of the device to a vehicle. When a motor generate no driving forces, a throttle valve is held in a position (1) by a return spring. In this position, gaps are formed between the throttle valve and a wall surface of an intake passage. Spherical recesses are formed in parts of the wall surface of the intake passage. In a position (2) where the throttle valve is opposed to the spherical recesses, the gaps are minimized in an operating range of the throttle valve.

Abstract: The invention is intended to simplify a default mechanism of a throttle valve opening and closing device for the purpose of improving mountability of the device to a vehicle. When a motor generate no driving forces, a throttle valve is held in a position (1) by a return spring. In this position, gaps are formed between the throttle valve and a wall surface of an intake passage. Spherical recesses are formed in parts of the wall surface of the intake passage. In a position (2) where the throttle valve is opposed to the spherical recesses, the gaps are minimized in an operating range of the throttle valve.

Abstract: The invention is intended to simplify a default mechanism of a throttle valve opening and closing device for the purpose of improving mountability of the device to a vehicle. When a motor generate no driving forces, a throttle valve is held in a position (1) by a return spring. In this position, gaps are formed between the throttle valve and a wall surface of an intake passage. Spherical recesses are formed in parts of the wall surface of the intake passage. In a position (2) where the throttle valve is opposed to the spherical recesses, the gaps are minimized in an operating range of the throttle valve.