Abstract: To provide a fluorinated elastic copolymer having a low content of metal elements and being excellent in crosslinkability. This fluorinated elastic copolymer has iodine atoms and has units a based on tetrafluoroethylene, units b based on a monomer having one polymerizable unsaturated bond (but excluding tetrafluoroethylene), and units c based on a fluorinated monomer having at least two polymerizable unsaturated bonds, wherein the metal content is at least 0.3 ppm by mass and at most 20.0 ppm by mass.

Abstract: To provide a modified PTFE which can be formed under a low extrusion pressure and with which changes of the extrusion pressure are suppressed, even in paste extrusion at a high RR ratio, and its production method. A modified polytetrafluoroethylene having units based on tetrafluoroethylene, units based on a monomer represented by the following formula (1) and units based on a monomer represented by the following formula (2), wherein the content of the units based on the monomer represented by the formula (1) is from 0.020 to 0.040 mass % to all units of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the content of the units based on the monomer represented by the formula (2) is from 0.003 to 0.080 mass % to all units of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene: CH2?CH—CnF2n+1??(1) wherein n is from 2 to 6; CF2?CFO(LO)mRf??(2) wherein L is a perfluoroalkylene group, Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group, and m is an integer of from 0 to 4.

Abstract: To provide a crosslinkable composition containing a fluorinated copolymer, which is excellent in crosslinkability and gives a crosslinked product being capable of suppressing production of particles upon plasma irradiation, a crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking the composition, and a sealing material for a semiconductor production equipment, containing the crosslinked product. A crosslinkable composition comprising; a copolymer (X) having an iodine atom and also having structural units based on tetrafluoroethylene and structural units based on propylene, wherein the content of structural units based on vinylidene fluoride is less than 0.1 mol % in all of the structural units; an organic peroxide; a crosslinking aid; and at least one member selected from the group consisting of a quaternary ammonium salt, a quaternary phosphonium salt and an organic amine, wherein the metal element content is less than 1 part by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the copolymer (X).

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated elastic copolymer capable of obtaining a crosslinked rubber which is excellent in tensile strength and has a low compression set under high temperature conditions; a method for producing such a fluorinated elastic copolymer; a crosslinked rubber; and a method for producing such a crosslinked rubber. A fluorinated elastic copolymer having structural units based, respectively, on monomers (a), (b) and (c), and further having iodine atoms. Monomer (a): at least one member selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene and perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether). Monomer (b): at least one member selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (I): CR1R2?CR3—R4—CR5?CR6R7 (I) (wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a methyl group; and R4 is a C1-10 perfluoroalkylene group which may have an etheric oxygen atom inserted between carbon atoms).

Abstract: A method for producing a binder composition for a storage battery device, which comprises an emulsion polymerization step of emulsion polymerizing a monomer mixture containing a fluorinated vinyl monomer in the presence of a first anionic emulsifying agent (A), an aqueous medium and a radical polymerization initiator to obtain a latex containing a fluorinated polymer, and a post addition step of adding a second anionic emulsifying agent (B) to the latex. The first anionic emulsifying agent (A) has no phenyl group in its molecule, and the second anionic emulsifying agent (B) has a phenyl group in its molecule.

Abstract: To provide a binder composition for a storage battery device, which has good dispersion property and good adhesion, whereby an electrode mixture for a storage battery device will have good coating property, and a secondary battery will have good charge and discharge characteristics. A binder composition for a storage battery device, which comprises a fluorinated copolymer comprising units (a) based on chlorotrifluoroethylene or the like, units (b) based on an alkyl vinyl ether, units (c) based on a vinyl ether having a hydroxy group or an epoxy group and units (d) based on a macromonomer having a hydrophilic portion, and a liquid medium.

Abstract: To produce a method for producing a fluorinated copolymer latex with a low content of metal components and with favorable stability of the latex even with a low content of an organic solvent. A method for producing a fluorinated copolymer latex, which comprises emulsion-polymerizing a monomer mixture containing tetrafluoroethylene and propylene in the presence of an aqueous medium, an anionic emulsifying agent and a thermally decomposable radical polymerization initiator at a polymerization temperature within a range of from 50° C. to 100° C., wherein the aqueous medium comprises water alone, or water and a water-soluble organic solvent, and the content of the water-soluble organic solvent is less than 1 part by mass per 100 parts by mass of water; and the amount of use of the anionic emulsifying agent is from 1.5 to 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated copolymer to be formed.

Abstract: A solar light type glass greenhouse includes a greenhouse unit. The greenhouse unit includes an under-eaves part including north, south, east and west lowersurface parts; and a ceiling part including a sloping roof on a north side, and south, east and west uppersurface parts. The sloping roof slopes by a sloping angle ? so that a south side is inclined upward when viewed from east. The sloping angle ? satisfies relations 15°<?<67°, and 63.6°-LAT???69.6°-LAT, where LAT is a latitude of an installation place. The sloping roof includes an eave extending to south beyond the south uppersurface part. A length of the eave is HS×sin(90°-?S)/sin(?S-?) or more, where ?S is a culmination altitude of the sun in the summer solstice, and HS is a sum of vertical lengths of the south lowersurface part and the south uppersurface part. The sloping roof includes a glass member having a heat reflective function.

Abstract: To provide a binder for a storage battery device whereby favorable adhesion is obtainable and swelling by an electrolytic solution can favorably be suppressed. A binder for a storage battery device, which is made of a fluorinated copolymer comprising structural units (A), structural units (B) and structural units (C), wherein the molar ratio of the structural units (C) to the total of all the structural units excluding the structural units (C) is from 0.01/100 to 3/100: structural units (A): structural units derived from a monomer selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinylidene fluoride and chlorotrifluoroethylene; structural units (B): structural units derived from ethylene or propylene; and structural units (C): structural units derived from a C5-30 organic compound having at least two double bonds and at least one of the double bonds being a double bond of a vinyl ether group or a double bond of a vinyl ester group.

Abstract: To provide a binder for a storage battery device, whereby good adhesion in an electrode and flexibility are obtainable, and it is possible to realize good charge and discharge characteristics when used for a secondary battery. A binder for a storage battery device, which is made of a fluorinated copolymer comprising structural units (a) derived from tetrafluoroethylene and structural units (b) derived from propylene, wherein the molar ratio (a)/(b) is from 40/60 to 50/50, and the total of the structural units (a) and (b) is at least 90 mol % in all structural units.

Abstract: To produce a method for producing a fluorinated copolymer latex with a low content of metal components and with favorable stability of the latex even with a low content of an organic solvent. A method for producing a fluorinated copolymer latex, which comprises emulsion-polymerizing a monomer mixture containing tetrafluoroethylene and propylene in the presence of an aqueous medium, an anionic emulsifying agent and a thermally decomposable radical polymerization initiator at a polymerization temperature within a range of from 50° C. to 100° C., wherein the aqueous medium comprises water alone, or water and a water-soluble organic solvent, and the content of the water-soluble organic solvent is less than 1 part by mass per 100 parts by mass of water; and the amount of use of the anionic emulsifying agent is from 1.5 to 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated copolymer to be formed.

Abstract: To produce a method for producing a fluorinated copolymer latex with a low content of metal components and with favorable stability of the latex even with a low content of an organic solvent. A method for producing a fluorinated copolymer latex, which comprises emulsion-polymerizing a monomer mixture containing tetrafluoroethylene and propylene in the presence of an aqueous medium, an anionic emulsifying agent and a thermally decomposable radical polymerization initiator at a polymerization temperature within a range of from 50° C. to 100° C., wherein the aqueous medium comprises water alone, or water and a water-soluble organic solvent, and the content of the water-soluble organic solvent is less than 1 part by mass per 100 parts by mass of water; and the amount of use of the anionic emulsifying agent is from 1.5 to 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated copolymer to be formed.

Abstract: A binder composition of the present invention is for a non-aqueous secondary battery with excellent adhesion between an electrode active material and a current collector. A degree of electrode swelling with an electrolytic solution at a high temperature is small. This binder composition can be used in production of an electrode mixture for a non-aqueous secondary battery. The binder composition can comprise a binder made of a fluorinated copolymer having repeating units derived from tetrafluoroethylene and repeating units derived from propylene, and a solvent or dispersing medium, wherein the fluorinated copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 300,000.

Abstract: To provide a positive electrode material mixture for a non-aqueous secondary battery, which is less likely to be gelled and has a good applicability to a current collector, and is capable of producing a battery capable of sufficiently exhibiting practical performance. A positive electrode material mixture which comprises a cathode active material, a binder containing a fluorinated copolymer having polymerized units derived from tetrafluoroethylene and polymerized units derived from propylene, and an aqueous medium, wherein the cathode active material is that the pH of a supernatant obtained by mixing the cathode active material with water is at least 10, and a positive electrode and a secondary battery, obtainable by employing it.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing a binder composition for a storage battery device, which is excellent in the dispersion stability, whereby properties of an electrode to be obtained are excellent. A method for producing a binder composition for a storage battery device, which comprises an emulsion polymerization step of emulsion polymerizing a monomer mixture containing a fluorinated vinyl monomer in the presence of the following anionic emulsifying agent (A), an aqueous medium and a radical polymerization initiator to obtain a latex containing a fluorinated polymer, and a post addition step of adding the following anionic emulsifying agent (B) to the latex: anionic emulsifying agent (A): an anionic emulsifying agent having no phenyl group in its molecule, anionic emulsifying agent (B): an anionic emulsifying agent having a phenyl group in its molecule.

Abstract: To provide a binder for a storage battery device whereby favorable adhesion is obtainable and swelling by an electrolytic solution can favorably be suppressed. A binder for a storage battery device, which is made of a fluorinated copolymer comprising structural units (A), structural units (B) and structural units (C), wherein the molar ratio of the structural units (C) to the total of all the structural units excluding the structural units (C) is from 0.01/100 to 3/100: structural units (A): structural units derived from a monomer selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinylidene fluoride and chlorotrifluoroethylene; structural units (B): structural units derived from ethylene or propylene; and structural units (C): structural units derived from a C5-30 organic compound having at least two double bonds and at least one of the double bonds being a double bond of a vinyl ether group or a double bond of a vinyl ester group.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated elastic copolymer which is excellent in crosslinking reactivity and extrusion moldability and which is curable to obtain a rubber excellent in permanent compression set resistance, base resistance and oil resistance and particularly suitable as a covering material for electric wires. A fluorinated elastic copolymer obtained by copolymerizing tetrafluoroethylene, propylene and optionally another monomer, wherein the molar ratio (a)/(b) of repeating units (a) derived from tetrafluoroethylene to repeating units (b) derived from propylene in the fluorinated elastic copolymer is from 60/40 to 75/25, and repeating units (c) derived from said another monomer is from 0 to 10 mol % in the fluorinated elastic copolymer.

Abstract: To provide a binder for a storage battery device, whereby good adhesion in an electrode and flexibility are obtainable, and it is possible to realize good charge and discharge characteristics when used for a secondary battery. A binder for a storage battery device, which is made of a fluorinated copolymer comprising structural units (a) derived from tetrafluoroethylene and structural units (b) derived from propylene, wherein the molar ratio (a)/(b) is from 40/60 to 50/50, and the total of the structural units (a) and (b) is at least 90 mol % in all structural units.

Abstract: To provide a binder for a storage battery device, whereby good adhesion is obtainable, and it is possible to realize good charge and discharge characteristics in a secondary battery by well suppressing swelling of an electrode by an electrolytic solution. A binder for a storage battery device, which is made of a fluorinated copolymer comprising repeating units (a) derived from tetrafluoroethylene and repeating units (b) derived from propylene, wherein the molar ratio (a)/(b) is from 60/40 to 75/25, and the total of the repeating units (a) and (b) is at least 90 mol % in all repeating units.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated elastic copolymer having high crosslinkability, having high flowability and excellent in the compression set and the resistance to bases, and its production process. A process for producing a fluorinated elastic copolymer, which comprises copolymerizing (a) tetrafluoroethylene and (b) propylene and as the case requires, (c) a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) in the presence of an iodine compound represented by the formula RI2 (wherein R is a hydrocarbon group or perfluoroalkyl group having at least 3 carbon atoms) at a temperature of from 0° C. to 50° C., and a fluorinated elastic copolymer obtained by the production process.