Abstract: A measuring apparatus includes a holding unit and a measuring unit. The measuring unit includes a first optical fiber for transmitting light emitted from a light source, a branching member for branching the light transmitted through the first optical fiber to at least two measuring optical fibers, a plurality of heads including respective beam condensers for converging the light branched by the branching member onto a measurand, a shutter device for shifting timings of application of the light applied from the heads to the measurand, a second optical fiber branched from the branching member and transmitting returning light reflected from the measurand, a spectroscopic unit having a light detector for detecting the returning light, and a controller for controlling the shutter device to control the timings of application of the light applied from the heads to the measurand and controlling the light detector to detect the returning light individually.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one first light emitting element configured to emit blue light, a plurality of second light emitting elements each configured to emit green light, a plurality of third light emitting elements each configured to emit red light, a first cooling unit configured to cool the at least one first light emitting element and the plurality of second light emitting elements, and a second cooling unit configured to cool the plurality of third light emitting elements.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a light source configured to emit first light, a wavelength converter configured to emit second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light, a first optical system, and a second optical system configured to transmit the second light. The second optical system includes a reflector configured to reflect the first light to the wavelength converter. The first optical system condenses the first light from the light source on the wavelength converter, and guides the first light to the reflector.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a first light source configured to emit first color light, a second light source configured to emit second color light having a different wavelength from that of the first color light, a wavelength conversion element configured to convert the first color light into third color light having a wavelength different from that of the first color light and to emit the third color light, and to emit the second color light as it is, and an optical system including a light guide surface configured to guide the first color light from the first light source and the second color light from the second light source to the wavelength conversion element, and the optical system being configured to emit combined light of the second color light and the third color light from the wavelength conversion element.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus includes a holding unit and a measuring unit. The measuring unit includes a first optical fiber for transmitting light emitted from a light source, a branching member for branching the light transmitted through the first optical fiber to at least two measuring optical fibers, a plurality of heads including respective beam condensers for converging the light branched by the branching member onto a measurand, a shutter device for shifting timings of application of the light applied from the heads to the measurand, a second optical fiber branched from the branching member and transmitting returning light reflected from the measurand, a spectroscopic unit having a light detector for detecting the returning light, and a controller for controlling the shutter device to control the timings of application of the light applied from the heads to the measurand and controlling the light detector to detect the returning light individually.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one first light emitting element configured to emit blue light, a plurality of second light emitting elements each configured to emit green light, a plurality of third light emitting elements each configured to emit red light, a first cooling unit configured to cool the at least one first light emitting element and the plurality of second light emitting elements, and a second cooling unit configured to cool the plurality of third light emitting elements.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a light source configured to emit first light, a wavelength converter configured to emit second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light, a first optical system, and a second optical system configured to transmit the second light. The second optical system includes a reflector configured to reflect the first light to the wavelength converter. The first optical system condenses the first light from the light source on the wavelength converter, and guides the first light to the reflector.

Abstract: A color separation and combination system includes a first optical system including a first optical plane, and a second optical system including second to fourth optical planes. The first optical plane guides light from a light source to the second optical plane. The second optical plane guides first color light among light from the first optical plane to the third optical plane, and guides second color light among the light from the first optical plane. The third optical plane totally reflects the first color light toward the first image display element, and totally reflects light from the first image display element toward the projection optical system. The fourth optical plane totally reflects the second color light toward the second image display element, and totally reflects light from the second image display element toward the projection optical system.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a first light source configured to emit first color light, a second light source configured to emit second color light having a different wavelength from that of the first color light, a wavelength conversion element configured to convert the first color light into third color light having a wavelength different from that of the first color light and to emit the third color light, and to emit the second color light as it is, and an optical system including a light guide surface configured to guide the first color light from the first light source and the second color light from the second light source to the wavelength conversion element, and the optical system being configured to emit combined light of the second color light and the third color light from the wavelength conversion element.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a first light source configured to generate first light, a phosphor to be excited by the first light to generate second light, a second light source configured to generate third light, and a spectroscopic optical element configured to reflect the first light to the phosphor and to combine the first light reflected without being absorbed by the phosphor, the second light, and the third light with one another. The spectroscopic optical element has a first area and a second area. The first area has a spectral characteristic of reflecting the first light, of transmitting the second light, and of reflecting the third light. The second area has a spectral characteristic of transmitting the first light and the second light, and of reflecting the third light.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a first condenser lens configured to collect illumination light including light from the wavelength conversion element, a first lens array including a plurality of lens cells and configured to divide the illumination light from the first condenser lens into a plurality of light fluxes, a second lens array including a plurality of corresponding lens cells configured to receive the light flux from each of the plurality of lens cells in the first lens array. The first condenser lens has a spherical aberration that collects the illumination light at a position on a light source side of the first lens array, and/or a surface apex of a first lens cell disposed on an optical axis side in the first lens array is more eccentric from a contour center of the first lens cell.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus includes an image signal inputter configured to input an image signal, a first light modulation element configured to modulate light from a light source, a second light modulation element configured to modulate light from the first light modulation element, an optical system configured to guide a projection image in which an image formed by the light modulated by the first light modulation element and an image formed by the light modulated by the second light modulation element are superimposed on each other to a projection optical system, a first driver configured to drive one of the first and second light modulation elements based on the image signal, and a second driver configured to drive the other of the first and second light modulation elements based on a luminance correction data irrelevant to the image signal.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a first light source configured to generate first light, a phosphor to be excited by the first light to generate second light, a second light source configured to generate third light, and a spectroscopic optical element configured to reflect the first light to the phosphor and to combine the first light reflected without being absorbed by the phosphor, the second light, and the third light with one another. The spectroscopic optical element has a first area and a second area. The first area has a spectral characteristic of reflecting the first light, of transmitting the second light, and of reflecting the third light. The second area has a spectral characteristic of transmitting the first light and the second light, and of reflecting the third light.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus includes a first light modulation element configured to modulate a first light emitted from a light source and to generate a second light, and a second light modulation element configured to modulate the second light. The first light modulation element is configured to receive the first light onto a modulable pixel area that can modulate the first light, the modulable pixel area including an effective pixel area that can modulate the first light and a peripheral pixel area arranged at the periphery of the effective pixel area. The image projection apparatus further comprises a controller configured to control pixels of the peripheral pixel area such that light from the peripheral pixel area does not reach the second light modulation element.

Abstract: A color separation and combination system includes a first optical system including a first optical plane, and a second optical system including second to fourth optical planes. The first optical plane guides light from a light source to the second optical plane. The second optical plane guides first color light among light from the first optical plane to the third optical plane, and guides second color light among the light from the first optical plane. The third optical plane totally reflects the first color light toward the first image display element, and totally reflects light from the first image display element toward the projection optical system. The fourth optical plane totally reflects the second color light toward the second image display element, and totally reflects light from the second image display element toward the projection optical system.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a first condenser lens configured to collect illumination light including light from the wavelength conversion element, a first lens array including a plurality of lens cells and configured to divide the illumination light from the first condenser lens into a plurality of light fluxes, a second lens array including a plurality of corresponding lens cells configured to receive the light flux from each of the plurality of lens cells in the first lens array. The first condenser lens has a spherical aberration that collects the illumination light at a position on a light source side of the first lens array, and/or a surface apex of a first lens cell disposed on an optical axis side in the first lens array is more eccentric from a contour center of the first lens cell.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus includes a first light modulation element configured to modulate a first light emitted from a light source and to generate a second light, and a second light modulation element configured to modulate the second light. The first light modulation element is configured to receive the first light onto a modulable pixel area that can modulate the first light, the modulable pixel area including an effective pixel area that can modulate the first light and a peripheral pixel area arranged at the periphery of the effective pixel area.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus includes an image signal inputter configured to input an image signal, a first light modulation element configured to modulate light from a light source, a second light modulation element configured to modulate light from the first light modulation element, an optical system configured to guide a projection image in which an image formed by the light modulated by the first light modulation element and an image formed by the light modulated by the second light modulation element are superimposed on each other to a projection optical system, a first driver configured to drive one of the first and second light modulation elements based on the image signal, and a second driver configured to drive the other of the first and second light modulation elements based on a luminance correction data irrelevant to the image signal.

Abstract: A light source optical system includes a micro lens array, a condenser lens unit, and a dichroic surface. In a direction orthogonal to an optical axis in a cross section parallel to a normal of the dichroic surface and the optical axis of the condenser lens unit, a width of the dichroic surface is narrower than a width of the condenser lens unit. A light source optical system satisfies a predetermined conditional expression.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes an illumination optical system configured to illuminate a light modulation element; a plurality of light source units each including a fluorescent member, at least one light source, and a light-guiding optical system; and an optical-path combining system. A predetermined region in an area where light source images are formed by the illumination optical system using light beams from the optical-path combining system is defined as an effective region, and the number of the light source units is denoted by N. In this case, the light source images and N subregions obtained by dividing the effective region by N along a first side direction of the effective region or a second side direction orthogonal to the first side direction satisfy a predetermined relation.