Abstract: When two bits are stored per memory cell and the two bits are written or read, writing or reading operation has to be performed twice. When a memory array is constructed by using a memory cell, by the access of twice, read time or write time twice as long as conventional read or write time is required. It causes deterioration in speed of a system using the memory. To solve the problem, according to the invention, bit arrangement of a conventional memory cell array is changed according to a writing or reading method With the configuration, a plurality of bytes can be simultaneously written or read by a single access. In order to perform reading at higher speed, a sense amplifier requiring no precharging is also provided.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a power converter having a plurality of semiconductor switching devices that converts DC power into AC power and outputs three levels of voltages, including a command voltage generator configured to output a command voltage vector that represents a voltage to be output from the power converter, an integrator configured to calculate a difference integral vector by integrating a difference between the command voltage vector and an output voltage vector that represents a voltage command for the power converter, a difference vector calculator configured to calculate difference vectors by subtracting the command voltage vector from each of the possible output voltage vectors, a vector selector configured to select one of the possible output voltage vectors which corresponds to one of the difference vectors making the largest angle with the difference integral vector as the output voltage vector only if the difference integral vector exceeds a predetermined value, and a gate signal generator

Abstract: In a gate circuit having a turn-off gate circuit composed of: OFF gate power source Eoff of which one terminal is connected to the emitter of semiconductor switching element 81, and switch SWoff that connects the other terminal of OFF gate power source Eoff and the gate of semiconductor switching element S1 via resistor Rg, the gate circuit is provided with second switch SWoff2 that connects the other terminal of OFF gate power source Eoff and the gate of semiconductor switching element S1. By closing second switch SWoff2 at the timing at which the turn-off operation is completed, it will connect to OFF gate power source Eoff without passing through a resistor.

Abstract: A switching circuit protection technique includes detecting the self-firing of at least one switching element due to an over-voltage in a switching circuit having multiple parallel circuits, applying a firing pulse to all switching elements and the switching circuit in response to the detected self-firing and firing all of the switching elements at the same time in response to a firing pulse.

Abstract: An embodiment of this invention provides a cell containing a first base station with conventional transceivers and base station facilities, and the antenna of a second base station facility; the first base station facility is made up of a group of base stations facilities where the equipment is integrated, but the second base station is a conventional local base station. A transceiver may have unused capacity and a caller with a low priority may not be assigned to the transceiver even though there is still room. This is due to the fact that the capacity is being kept available for a caller with a higher priority, since the assignments are based on priority. Traffic monitors are used by portable telephone providers to manage the traffic in every cell, so traffic can be assigned to the transceiver, based on the provider with the highest volume or according to a prearranged priority scale.

Abstract: A power converting system has power converters for converting a direct current into an alternating current, a DC power source arranged on the DC side of the power converters, and voltage dividing transformers having windings whose first ends are connected to the power converters phase by phase and whose second ends are joined together and connected to a load phase by phase. Also provided is a controller for controlling the power converting system.

Abstract: Described is a protected aminothiazolylacetic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents a nitrogen atom or a methine group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and individually represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R.sup.3 represents a lower alkoxy group, a halogenated lower alkoxy group, a triphenylmethoxy group, a lower alkyl group or an acyloxy group, and R.sup.4 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a lower alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group; and salts thereof; as well as processes for the preparation thereof. The protected aminothaizolylacetic acid derivative according to the present invention is an useful intermediate for introducing a 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-alkoxyiminoacetyl group or a 2-(2-aminotiazol-4-yl)-2-alkenoyl group into a cephem skeleton.

Abstract: Described is a protected aminothiazolylacetic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents a nitrogen atom or a methine group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and individually represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R.sup.3 represents a lower alkoxy group, a halogenated lower alkoxy group, a triphenylmethoxy group, a lower alkyl group or an acyloxy group, and R.sup.4 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a lower alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group; and salts thereof; as well as processes for the preparation thereof. The protected aminothaizolylacetic acid derivative according to the present invention is an useful intermediate for introducing a 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-alkoxyiminoacetyl group or a 2-(2-aminotiazol-4-yl)-2-alkenoyl group into a cephem skeleton.

Abstract: Described is a protected aminothiazolylacetic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents a nitrogen atom or a methine group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and individually represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R.sup.3 represents a lower alkoxy group, a halogenated lower alkoxy group, a triphenylmethoxy group, a lower alkyl group or an acyloxy group, and R.sup.4 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a lower alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group; and salts thereof; as well as processes for the preparation thereof. The protected aminothaizolylacetic acid derivative according to the present invention is an useful intermediate for introducing a 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-alkoxyiminoacetyl group or a 2-(2-aminotiazol-4-yl)-2-alkenoyl group into a cephem skeleton.

Abstract: An overvoltage protection circuit including a plurality of series connected thyristors having an overvoltage protection function and a plurality of impedance circuits. Each of the impedance circuits is connected in parallel with one of the thyristors, respectively. The impedance circuits include at least a first impedance circuit having a first impedance value and a second impedance circuit having a second impedance value which is different from the first impedance value.

Abstract: A dual frequency cellular radiotelephone system, having different service providers, serving mobile subscribers at first and second distinct frequency ranges, uses frequency conversion techniques, to serve both frequency ranges with a minimum of equipment duplication. A first service group is serviced by a first system including a mobile switching center (MSC), a first transmission unit, a first base station controller (BSC), a first base transceiver, a first linear amplifier and first antenna. The entire train of components is designed to support air interface transmissions at the first frequency band at which the first group is served. A signal frequency converter, connected to a transceiver of the first frequency band, converts downlink signals from the first frequency range to the second frequency range and uplink signals from the second frequency range to the first frequency range.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of an aminothiadiazolylacetyl halide derivative represented by the following formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or halogenated lower alkyl group; and R.sup.2 represents an amino-protecting group or a hydrogen atom, or a salt thereof, which process uses as the starting material a compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the same meanings as defined above, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A novel 4-cyanopiperidine derivative, which is represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X means a halogen atom, or an acid addition salt thereof, is prepared by reacting N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-carbamoylpiperidine or an acid addition salt thereof with a dehydrating and halogenating agent; or by reacting 4-cyanopiperidine or a salt thereof with a compound represented by the following general formula (IV):X--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --Y (IV)wherein X has the same meaning as defined above and Y denotes the same halogen atom as X or another halogen atom. The derivative is useful as intermediate for synthesis of quinuclidine derivative which is in turn useful as intermediate for the production of medicines, chemicals, etc.

Abstract: Improved process for the preparation of 7-(2-amino-2-phenyl-acetamido)cephem derivatives of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogwn atom or hydroxyl group, n stands for 0, 1 or 2, and A denotes a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or a direct bond coupling directly the sulfur atom and the --(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOH group together, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The process is not only simple and easy to carry out, but also provides as crystalline precipitate the intended products with a high yield. The 7-(2-amino-2-phenyl-acetamido)cephem derivatives are useful as intermediates for syntheses of antibacterial agents.

Abstract: N-(Substituted chromone-3-carbonyl)phenylglycine derivatives. These derivatives are useful intermediates for cephem compounds which are excellent as antibacterial agents.

Abstract: Novel cephalosporin compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic-thio group, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen or hydroxy, and R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 each represents hydrogen, hydroxy or acyloxy, and their salts, and processes for the preparation thereof. The novel compounds and their salts have antibacterial activity.

Abstract: New propiophenone derivatives prepared by the reaction of propiophenone, formaldehyde and piperidine, as well as pharmacologically acceptable acid-addition salts thereof are provided, which possess improved pharmacological activities such as anti-tramorine and anti-nicotine activities superior to those of the known analoguous compound. The new compounds are useful for the therapeutic treatment of human patient suffering from pathological muscular contracture, spastic paralysis due to cerebral apoplexy, spinal and cerebral palsies and the like.

Abstract: New propiophenone derivatives prepared by the reaction of propiophenone, formaldehyde and piperidine, as well as pharmacologically acceptable acid-addition salts thereof are provided, which possess improved pharmacological activities such as anti-tremorine and anti-nicotine activities superior to those of the known analogous compound. The new compounds are useful for the therapeutic treatment of human patient suffering from pathological muscular contracture, spastic paralysis due to cerebral apoplexy, spinal and cerebral palsies and the like.