Abstract: A lens driving motor control apparatus comprises a lens barrel which moves a photographing lens system in an optical axis direction, a lens driving motor for driving the lens barrel, a coding means on the lens barrel for coding the position of the lens barrel, a code reading means for reading the code signal of the coding means, a position controlling means for controlling the lens driving motor to control the stop position of the lens barrel in accordance with the code signal which is read by the code reading means, and an abnormal code processing means for controlling the position control means, so that when the code read by the code reading means is abnormal, the code signal is treated as not having been read.

Abstract: A camera having a zoom lens and a mode selection switch, including a first drive for moving the zoom lens in an optical axis direction within a zooming range, and a second drive for selectively moving the zoom lens within and out of a zooming range in accordance with a selection mode selected by a mode selection switch, a zoom lens driving apparatus including a device for varying the speed of the movement of the zoom lens by the first drive and by the second drive.

Abstract: A lens shutter type of camera is disclosed in which a zoom lens is positioned in a lens block (1) which has a sector gear (15) rotatably associated with the lens block and with a rotatable cam ring (14). The cam ring and sector gear are rotatable in a substantially constant axial position. A movable finder optical assembly (8) and a movable strobe assembly (9) are movable in association with movement of the zoom lens. The zoom lens is movable between an extreme telephoto position and an extreme wide angle position, as well as into a fully collapsed lens position beyond the extreme wide angle position and a macro or closeup photographing position beyond the extreme telephoto position. When the camera is in its macro mode, a prism (P1) is inserted into the finder optical assembly to correct for parallax; the strobe assembly is moved to change its illumination angle; and an optical wedge (4e) is pivoted into the path between a light receiver (4) and a light emitter (3e).

Abstract: A zoom lens for a camera having a between-the-lens shutter includes a motor for moving the lens along an optical axis in forward and rearward directions. A switch is operable by an operator to control operation of the motor for moving the lens from an initial position on the axis to a final stationary position that establishes the focal length of the lens. Control apparatus is responsive to the setting of the switch for operating the motor such that movement of the lens from its initial position to its final position always ends after the lens travels to its final position in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A=n apparatus is provided for controlling the charging of a main capacitor of a flash unit. Comparison means detect the timing at which a voltage V across the main capacitor reaches a reference voltage V.sub.1, at which point a flash photograph can be taken. A timer detects whether a predetermined time period has elapsed since the voltage V across the main capacitor reached the reference voltage V.sub.1 so as to stop charging the main capacitor. When the voltage V across the main capacitor drops to the reference voltage V.sub.1, as a result of the phenomenon known as "spontaneous discharge", recharging of the main capacitor occurs and the above process is repeated. When the recharging of the main capacitor has been performed over a predetermined time period or a predetermined number of times, the charging of the main capacitor is stopped.

Abstract: A display device in a camera with a zoom lens, for providing a visual indication of the setting of the zoom lens. It includes a zoom encoder (10) for detecting the zoom lens setting, a liquid crystal display (8) having a plurality of display segments (S1-S15) disposed in an arcuate pattern, and drive circuits (24, 25) for driving the display segments. A micro-computer (20) controls the drive circuits, based on the zoom setting as detected by the zoom encoder (10), such that the state of each of the display segments can be changed by the drive circuits in response to a change in the angle of view of the zoom lens.The display device can provide an intuitively perceivable visual indication with the arcuate array of display segments (S1-S15).

Abstract: A vehicle outer panel structure which is excellent in heat-insulation and reinforcement effects and is facilitated in production. The vehicle outer panel structure is produced by first laminating first, second and third layers to form a laminated sheet. The first layer is formed of a resin composition capable of foaming and including vinyl chloride resin, plasticizer, foaming agent, epoxy resin, hardener for the epoxy resin. The content of the epoxy resin is within a range of from 20 to 500 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin. The second layer is formed of fiber cloth. The third layer is formed of metallic film having a thickness not more than 50.mu.. The first, second and third layers are stuck with each other so that the second layer is interposed between the first and third layers.

Abstract: A machine-tool power chuck operated by pressurized gas supplied from an gas pressurizing source has a piston-cylinder actuator having a piston dividing the piston chamber into a rear pushing side and a front pulling side. When the pressurized gas is supplied into the pushing side, a wedge plunger in a sliding chamber is caused to shift whereby workpiece chucking jaws are opened, and, when the pressurized gas is supplied into the pulling side, the jaws are moved inward for chucking the workpiece. Oil mist supply passages communicate at the opposite ends thereof respectively to the pushing and pulling sides of the actuator and have, at a branching junction thereof from which a gas injection passage branches off, a control valve in the form of a shuttle valve having a shiftable ball. The control valve operates to cut off communication of the gas injection passage with one of the pushing and pulling sides, to which the pressurized gas is not supplied.

Abstract: A two-spindle machine tool having a fixed first headstock with a main spindle extending in a direction Z and with a chuck, and two tool heads with turrets further has a movable second headstock with a main spindle extending in the direction Z and with a chuck, the second headstock and the two tool heads being supported on respective slide mechanisms which enable them to move in the direction Z and also in a direction X perpendicular thereto relative to the first headstock, and which are so positioned as to enable the two headstocks and two tool heads to function in respective operational regions enabling machining tools held by the turrets to perform various modes of machining including independent but simultaneous machining of respective workpieces held in the two chucks and simultaneous or successive machining of a single workpiece held by either of the chucks.

Abstract: In a method of producing a hydrated iron oxide as a starting material for a magnetic powder by aging a suspension of a ferric hydroxide prepared by reacting a ferric salt with an aqueous solution of alkali, the aging temperature is controlled between 20.degree. and 100.degree. C. and pH is controlled between 1 and 6 for the first 5 to 240 minutes while nuclei of hydrated iron oxide crystals generate, and then the aqueous solution of alkali is added again to adjust the pH value to 10 to 13.5 to make the crystals grow. This production method is capable of producing an acicular hydrated iron oxide having a reduced particle-size distribution range and also capable of controlling the length of the crystals as desired.

Abstract: An automatic film rewinding device in which erroneous rewinding is positively prevented. The film cartridge carries an identifying code indicative of the number of frames of films to be exposed. A number-of-wound-frame dial carries a code dial with which the number of wound frames can be detected. When the detected number of frames contained in a cartridge and the number of wound frames has a predetermined relationship, the motor driving the rewind mechanism is actuated. The motor is stopped when it is detected that the film has been completely rewound into the cartridge.

Abstract: A manual aperture value setting circuit for a camera in which digital values corresponding to the full-aperture value and the minimum aperture value of a lens mounted on a camera are applied from the lens in digital form to a logic circuit which operates so that, with the range of aperture value set on the side of the camera being maintained in the aperture value range of the lens, the aperture value which has been set is changed to the full-aperture value or the minimum aperture value of the lens when it is out of the aperture value range of the lens.

Abstract: A photographing mode selecting circuit for a camera having a very low power consumption. A mechanical switch is provided for each possible photographing mode of the camera. Each mechanical switch is coupled in series with a resistor and an analog switch between the power source terminals. The analog switches are periodically pulsed to close them, thereby allowing current to flow through the corresponding resistor and mechanical switch if the mechanical switch is closed. The outputs formed at the junctions between the analog switches and the resistors are applied to flip-flop circuits for storage.

Abstract: A shutter speed setting device for a camera having a signal generator for providing an output in correspondence to the setting of a shutter speed to be set and a shutter speed setting circuit for providing a signal corresponding with a shutter speed in response to an output from the signal generator. A flash unit is connected to the shutter speed setting circuit and is controlled with a shutter speed equivalent to a flash synchronization speed. A charge completion signal conversion circuit converts into a predetermined signal a charge completion signal from the flash unit which represents whether or not said flash unit is energized for use. The shutter speed setting circuit operates so that when, in the case where said flash unit is charged and the charge completion signal is provided, a preset shutter speed is higher than the flash synchronization speed, setting a shutter speed higher than said synchronization speed is inhibited in a new shutter speed setting operation with the signal generator.

Abstract: Alkoxylated .beta.-lactam compound useful as an intermediate for various cephalosporin (or penicillin) derivatives which may be prepared by reacting a 7-sulfenylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenylaminopenam compound) with an oxidizing agent or reacting a sulfinylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfinylaminopenam compound) with a dehydrating agent to give a sulfenyliminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenyliminopenam compound) and reacting the latter compound with an alcohol in the presence of a base, an organic acid or a Lewis acid.

Abstract: Various photographic informations such as brightness of an object to be photographed, an iris opening, sensitivity of a film, etc. are applied to an arithmetic operation circuit in the form of digital signals. The arithmetic operation circuit calculates an optimum shutter speed, and digital code bits representing the shutter speed is decoded by a decoder and then applied to luminous digits. A display control circuit is provided for sequentially operating the luminous digits whereby the display digits are sequentially turned on or off to display the photographic informations or to give an alarm to a user of the camera.

Abstract: A fluid-actuated type hollow power chuck has a hollow cylindrical chuck body with a forward part of larger outer diameter and a rearward part of small outer diameter. A cylinder body of a hollow cylindrical shape is secured to and around to the outer surface of the rearward part of the chuck body so as to form an annular cylinder chamber. A piston slidable in the cylinder chamber to operate the jaws has a piston sleeve extending rearward therefrom between the chuck body and the cylinder body, the displacements of the piston sleeve being detected at points rearward of the cylinder body by proximity switches installed in a ring disposed to the rear of the cylinder body, whereby displacements of the jaws are indirectly indicated by the switches.

Abstract: 7-Oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives of formula (I): ##STR1## (in which:) R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group;X represents an oxy group, a thio group, a sulphinyl group or a sulphonyl group;A represents a bivalent for trivalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group;p is 1 (when A is bivalent) or 2 (when A is trivalent);R.sup.2 represents an azido, nitro or cyano group or one of the groups of formula ##STR2## m and n are the same or different and each is 0 or 1; R represents an amidino group or a group of formula R.sup.4, --N(R.sup.4).sub.2 or --YR.sup.4,B represents a group of formula ##STR3## D represents a group of formula ##STR4## (provided that, where m and n are both 1, the groups represented by B and D must be different);R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and, where there are 2 or more groups represented by R.sup.4, they may be the same or different, andY represents an oxygen atom or a sulphur atom; andR.sup.

Abstract: Alkoxylated .beta.-lactam compound useful as an intermediate for various cephalosporin (or penicillin) derivatives which may be prepared by reacting a 7-sulfenylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenylaminopenam compound) with an oxidizing agent or reacting a sulfinylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfinylaminopenam compound) with a dehydrated agent to give a sulfenyliminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenyliminopenam compound) and reacting the latter compound with an alcohol in the presence of a base, an organic acid or a Lewis acid.

Abstract: A process for the surface treatment of a rubber or synthetic resin containing ethylenic unsaturation by contacting the rubber or resin with an alkyl hypohalite and a compound containing an active hydrogen and a functional group, thereby improving or providing the rubber or resin in or with such properties as adhesion, printability, dyeability, flame retardation, self-extinction, antistatic property, weatherproofing, adsorbency, ion-exchangeability and anti-permeability.