Abstract: A cultivation device for watering plants is provided. The cultivation device includes a light source configured to irradiate a plant and a processor. The processor calculates an amount of water contained in the plant based on reflection light of the light reflected by the plant in a certain measurement period, and irrigates the plant with a predetermined amount of water according to the calculated amount of water contained in the plant.

Abstract: A first beam source radiates, as a reference beam, 905 nm of near infrared beam having a characteristic in which light tends not to be absorbed in water toward a leaf of a plant. A second beam source radiates, as a measuring beam, 1550 nm of near infrared beam having a characteristic in which light tends to be absorbed in water toward the leaf of the plant. A threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf which is a total sum ? Ln (I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity ratio. A controller displays a graph representing the time-serial change of the water content contained in the plant from the start to the end of the measurement period on a UI screen of a monitor.

Abstract: First beam source radiates a near infrared reference beam of 905 nm, in which light tends not to be absorbed in water toward a leaf of a plant. Second beam source radiates a near infrared measuring beam of 1550 nm, in which light tends to be absorbed in water toward the leaf of the plant. Threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf as a total sum ?Ln(I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity ratio. Controller displays a graph representing a total sum of water content of the leaf and a pixel average value as a time-transition of the water content contained in the plant from the start of the measurement period on a UI screen of a monitor. Viewed from the first and second beam sources, a white reference substrate covering a back surface of the leaf is disposed on the leaf of the plant.

Abstract: First beam source radiates a near infrared reference beam of 905 nm, in which light tends not to be absorbed in water toward a leaf of a plant. Second beam source radiates a near infrared measuring beam of 1550 nm, in which light tends to be absorbed in water toward the leaf of the plant. Threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf as a total sum ? Ln(I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity ratio. Controller displays a graph representing a total sum of water content of the leaf and a pixel average value as a time-transition of the water content contained in the plant from the start of the measurement period on a UI screen of a monitor. Viewed from the first and second beam sources, a white reference substrate covering a back surface of the leaf is disposed on the leaf of the plant.

Abstract: A first beam source radiates, as a reference beam, 905 nm of near infrared beam having a characteristic in which light tends not to be absorbed in water toward a leaf of a plant. A second beam source radiates, as a measuring beam, 1550 nm of near infrared beam having a characteristic in which light tends to be absorbed in water toward the leaf of the plant. A threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf which is a total sum ? Ln (I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity ratio. A controller displays a graph representing the time-serial change of the water content contained in the plant from the start to the end of the measurement period on a UI screen of a monitor.

Abstract: A threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates an ? Ln (I905/I1550) which is a total sum of the reflection intensity ratio as a water content index of one leaf. A controller displays a graph representing the time-transition of the water content contained in the leaf of the plant from the start to the end of the measurement period on a UI screen of monitor 50. The controller fixedly determines and sets, as a leaf, a set of reflection positions where the water content for each reflection position which is calculated at the start of the measurement period exceeds a threshold level. When viewed from first beam source and second beam source, white reference substrate which covers a back surface of the leaf of the plant is disposed on the leaf of the plant.

Abstract: First beam source radiates a near infrared reference beam of 905 nm, in which light tends not to be absorbed in water toward a leaf of a plant. Second beam source radiates a near infrared measuring beam of 1550 nm, in which light tends to be absorbed in water toward the leaf of the plant. Threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf as a total sum ? Ln(I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity ratio. Controller displays a graph representing a total sum of water content of the leaf and a pixel average value as a time-transition of the water content contained in the plant from the start of the measurement period on a UI screen of a monitor. Viewed from the first and second beam sources, a white reference substrate covering a back surface of the leaf is disposed on the leaf of the plant.

Abstract: A water content evaluation apparatus which evaluates water content of a part of an object is provided. A water content at each of irradiation positions of the part of the object is calculated based on a first reflection light of a laser reference beam, having a first wavelength that is not absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the object and a second reflection light of a laser measuring beam, having a second wavelength that is absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the object. Irradiation positions of the object in which the water content is equal to or larger than at least one predetermined threshold level are output.

Abstract: A true leaf and a plurality of artificial leaves are attached on a white reference substrate. A first light source radiates a reference beam of 905 nm while sequentially scanning toward the white reference substrate. A second light source radiates a measuring beam of 1550 nm while sequentially scanning toward the white reference substrate. A threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a relative water content of a true leaf based on the intensity of each reflection light of the reference beam and the measuring beam which are respectively reflected by the true leaf and a plurality of artificial leaves.

Abstract: A true leaf and a plurality of artificial leaves are attached on a white reference substrate. A first light source radiates a reference beam of 905 nm while sequentially scanning toward the white reference substrate. A second light source radiates a measuring beam of 1550 nm while sequentially scanning toward the white reference substrate. A threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a relative water content of a true leaf based on the intensity of each reflection light of the reference beam and the measuring beam which are respectively reflected by the true leaf and a plurality of artificial leaves.

Abstract: A water content evaluation apparatus which evaluates water content of a part of an object is provided. A water content at each of irradiation positions of the part of the object is calculated based on a first reflection light of a laser reference beam, having a first wavelength that is not absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the object and a second reflection light of a laser measuring beam, having a second wavelength that is absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the object. Irradiation positions of the object in which the water content is equal to or larger than at least one predetermined threshold level are output.

Abstract: There is provided a plant stress detection apparatus including a first light source that radiates a reference beam of a first wavelength that has a characteristic of tending not to be absorbed in water toward a plant by optical scanning, a second light source that radiates a measuring beam of a second wavelength that has a characteristic of tending to be absorbed in water toward the plant by optical scanning, and a detector that detects presence or absence of water or undulation of the plant based on reflection light of the reference beam that is reflected at an irradiation position of the plant that has a first irradiation area and reflection light of the measuring beam that is reflected at an irradiation position of the plant that has a second irradiation area that is different from the first irradiation area.

Abstract: A water content evaluation apparatus which evaluates water content of a part of a plant is provided. A water content at each of irradiation positions of the part of the plant is calculated based on a first reflection light of a laser reference beam, having a first wavelength that is not absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the plant and a second reflection light of a laser measuring beam, having a second wavelength that is absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the plant. Irradiation positions of the plant in which the water content is equal to or larger than at least one predetermined threshold level are displayed, in at least one corresponding predetermined color.

Abstract: A water content evaluation apparatus which evaluates water content of a part of a plant is provided. A water content at each of irradiation positions of the part of the plant is calculated based on a first reflection light of a laser reference beam, having a first wavelength that is not absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the plant and a second reflection light of a laser measuring beam, having a second wavelength that is absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the plant. Irradiation positions of the plant in which the water content is equal to or larger than at least one predetermined threshold level are displayed, in at least one corresponding predetermined color.

Abstract: A threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates an ?Ln (I905/I1550) which is a total sum of the reflection intensity ratio as a water content index of one leaf. A controller displays a graph representing the time-transition of the water content contained in the leaf of the plant from the start to the end of the measurement period on a UI screen of monitor 50. The controller fixedly determines and sets, as a leaf, a set of reflection positions where the water content for each reflection position which is calculated at the start of the measurement period exceeds a threshold level. When viewed from first beam source and second beam source, white reference substrate which covers a back surface of the leaf of the plant is disposed on the leaf of the plant.

Abstract: In a water content evaluation method, when water content of a part of a plant is evaluated, a white reference substrate (background material) is disposed so as to cover a back surface of a leaf of plant. A first beam source radiates a near infrared beam (reference beam) with a wavelength of 905 nm that has a characteristic of tending not to be absorbed in water toward leaf. A second beam source radiates a near infrared beam (measuring beam) with a wavelength of 1550 nm that has a characteristic of tending to be absorbed in water toward the leaf. Threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf that is total sum ? Ln (I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity rate at all irradiation positions of the leaf based on a reflection light of a reference beam and a reflection light of a measuring beam that are reflected on all irradiation positions of the leaf.

Abstract: There is provided a plant stress detection apparatus including a first light source that radiates a reference beam of a first wavelength that has a characteristic of tending not to be absorbed in water toward a plant by optical scanning, a second light source that radiates a measuring beam of a second wavelength that has a characteristic of tending to be absorbed in water toward the plant by optical scanning, and a detector that detects presence or absence of water or undulation of the plant based on reflection light of the reference beam that is reflected at an irradiation position of the plant that has a first irradiation area and reflection light of the measuring beam that is reflected at an irradiation position of the plant that has a second irradiation area that is different from the first irradiation area.

Abstract: In a water content evaluation method, when water content of a part of a plant is evaluated, a white reference substrate (background material) is disposed so as to cover a back surface of a leaf of plant. A first beam source radiates a near infrared beam (reference beam) with a wavelength of 905 nm that has a characteristic of tending not to be absorbed in water toward leaf. A second beam source radiates a near infrared beam (measuring beam) with a wavelength of 1550 nm that has a characteristic of tending to be absorbed in water toward the leaf. Threshold level setter/water content index detector calculates a water content index of one leaf that is total sum ? Ln (I905/I1550) of the reflection intensity rate at all irradiation positions of the leaf based on a reflection light of a reference beam and a reflection light of a measuring beam that are reflected on all irradiation positions of the leaf.

Abstract: This invention relates to photosensitive silicone resins and resin compositions containing the same. Silicone resins of this invention are characterized by that a triorganosilyl group represented by the following general formula (1) wherein R is a divalent organic group and R′ is a divalent group or a direct bond is linked to all or a part of the ends of the backbone of polyorganosilsesquioxanes. Photosensitive resin compositions of this invention are formulated from the aforementioned silicone resins and a photogenerator of acid. The aforementioned silicone resins and photosensitive resin compositions show excellent performance as resist materials for multi-level resist processes and for forming barriers of PDP and, on account of their excellent plasma resistance (resistance to O2-RIE), yield patterns of a high aspect ratio.

Abstract: This invention relates to silicone compounds in which terminal SiO of cage-type and/or ladder-type polyphenylsilsesquioxanes is wholly or partly linked to a triorganosilyl group containing reactive functional group X and also relates to a process for preparing said silicone compounds by subjecting cage-terminated and silanol-free cage-type and/or ladder-type polyphenylsilsesquioxanes to an equilibrium reaction under heat with disiloxanes containing reactive functional group X of the following structural formula in an organic solvent in the presence of an alkaline rearrangement and condensation catalyst. This invention provides silicone compounds containing terminal reactive functional groups of excellent storage stability and properties of good reproducibility such as heat resistance.