Abstract: A ferroelectric capacitor has the property that polarization of a ferroelectric thin film can readily be reversed and polarization-reversal charge increased. The ferroelectric capacitor has a bottom electrode, a ferroelectric thin film and a top electrode. The top electrode includes a metal crystalline phase and 0.5 to 5 atm % interstitial oxygen atoms in the metal crystalline phase.

Abstract: A movement-sensitive switch for detecting small movements comprising electrically conductive top and bottom hollow members joined together along the peripheries thereof with insulation disposed thereinbetween forming a hollow chamber. Disposed within the hollow chamber is a balance weight having an acruous bottom section and a top section. The top section is coupled to an upper-extending pin which extends up into the hollow interior of the top member of the chamber. The balance weight and pin are disposed in the chamber and arranged and configured such that the arcuous bottom section is engaged with only the bottom member of the chamber such that when the chamber is moved, the pin is caused to engage the top member thereby electrically joining the top member and the bottom member together. When the balance weight returns to its equilibrium position, the pin is caused to decouple itself from the top member thereby again electrically isolating the top member from the bottom member.