Abstract: A battery temperature control device comprises: a battery including a battery cell; and a thermally conductive member having one end portion thermally connected to the battery, wherein another end portion of the thermally conductive member is thermally connected to a fin of a condenser and/or an evaporator, and the fin of the condenser and/or the evaporator is disposed at a passage through which a fluid flows and the passage is brandied into a plurality of paths at a position downstream of the fin of the condenser and/or the evaporator in a direction of a flow of the fluid.

Abstract: A battery temperature control device comprises: a battery including a battery cell; and a thermally conductive member having one end portion thermally connected to the battery, wherein another end portion of the thermally conductive member is thermally connected to a fin of a condenser and/or an evaporator, and the fin of the condenser and/or the evaporator is disposed at a passage through which a fluid flows and the passage is brandied into a plurality of paths at a position downstream of the fin of the condenser and/or the evaporator in a direction of a flow of the fluid.

Abstract: At least one heat pipe is fixed to each of fin plates, a rectangular fin plate assembly is constituted of the fin plate, the fin plate and the fin plate of the plurality of respective radiation fin parts as the plurality of radiation fin parts are seen from the direction in which the heat pipes extend, the plurality of heat pipes include a first heat pipe group and a second heat pipe group, the first heat pipe group is positioned at the center in the longitudinal direction of the fin plate assembly, the second heat pipe group is positioned on both sides of the first heat pipe group in the longitudinal direction of the fin plate assembly, and the fin plate thermally connected to the first heat pipe group includes expanding parts.

Abstract: A heat receiving structure and a heat sink that can ensure a sufficient contact area between a heat pipe and a heat receiving member, and are high in strength. The heat receiving structure includes heat receiving blocks that have concave inner faces along an external shape of a heat pipe, in which extended portions at both sides that continue to the inner faces extend inward in a radial direction of the heat pipe while covering the heat pipe, and the heat pipe is sandwiched by the heat receiving blocks from both sides and joined.

Abstract: A heat transport apparatus that is thermally connectable to an object to be temperature adjusted includes a plurality of heat pipes thermally connected along a heat transport direction to form a heat transport path. The heat transport apparatus is used under an environment at or below a melting point of a working fluid of at least one heat pipe among the plurality of heat pipes.

Abstract: A multiple valve engine for a watercraft includes an improved construction that contributes in balancing the weight of the engine between the port and starboard sides of the watercraft hull. The hull defines a center plane extending generally vertically from bow to stern. The engine includes a cylinder body defining at least one cylinder bore. An axis of the cylinder bore is inclined from the center plane. At least two intake passages communicate with a combustion chamber. Intake valves are arranged to selectively connect and disconnect the intake passages with the combustion chamber. At least one exhaust passage communicates with the combustion chamber. In one mode of the invention, the number of exhaust passages in the engine is less than the number of intake passages. At least one exhaust valve is arranged to selectively connect and disconnect the exhaust passage with the combustion chamber. The intake valves lie closer to the center plane than does the exhaust valve(s).

Abstract: An optical transmission system is provided in which a plurality of Raman amplifiers are combined so that the wavelength band of a first Raman amplifier in the form of an upward convex curve including the maximum gain value and the wavelength band of a second Raman amplifier in the form of a downward convex curve including the minimum gain value overlap with each other, and that the wavelength band of the first Raman amplifier in the form of a downward convex curve including the minimum gain value and the wavelength band of the second Raman amplifier in the form of an upward convex curve including the maximum gain value overlap with each other. This arrangement also applies to cases where three or more amplifiers are used. Due to this arrangement, an optical transmission system is realized in which it is possible to attain a reduction in Raman gain flatness without using any means such as an equalizer.

Abstract: A lubricant filter mounting structure for a internal combustion engine includes a lubricant filter mounting surface and a catch member. The lubricant filter mounting surface is positioned at an angle with respect to a vertical plane, and the catch member is mounted at least partially directly below a lubricant filter. At least a portion of the induction system and at least a portion of the exhaust system is removeably mounted to the engine to enhance access to the filter, especially within the confined engine compartment of a personal watercraft.

Abstract: An optical transmission system is provided in which a plurality of Raman amplifiers are combined so that the wavelength band of a first Raman amplifier in the form of an upward convex curve including the maximum gain value and the wavelength band of a second Raman amplifier in the form of a downward convex curve including the minimum gain value overlap with each other, and that the wavelength band of the first Raman amplifier in the form of a downward convex curve including the minimum gain value and the wavelength band of the second Raman amplifier in the form of an upward convex curve including the maximum gain value overlap with each other. This arrangement also applies to cases where three or more amplifiers are used. Due to this arrangement, an optical transmission system is realized in which it is possible to attain a reduction in Raman gain flatness without using any means such as an equalizer.

Abstract: A lubricant filter mounting structure for a internal combustion engine includes a lubricant filter mounting surface and a catch member. The lubricant filter mounting surface is positioned at an angle with respect to a vertical plane, and the catch member is mounted at least partially directly below a lubricant filter. At least a portion of the induction system and at least a portion of the exhaust system is removeably mounted to the engine to enhance access to the filter, especially within the confined engine compartment of a personal watercraft.

Abstract: In an encapsulated contact material which varies little in contact resistance and has good working life performance, at least one contact coating layer is formed covering the surface of a contact substrate. The contact coating layer includes a substantial matrix formed of at least one element selected from a group including Mo, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, and W, the matrix being loaded with 0.5 to 50 atom % of at least one element selected from a group including Zn, Cd, Hg, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi. The contact coating layer has a thickness of 0.1 .mu.m or more.

Abstract: A drug formulation for producing sustained therapeutic efficacy, which releases at least one water-soluble drug over a prolonged period of time at a substantially constant rate wherein said drug formulation comprises(a) a nondisintegrating inner layer comprised of a biocompatible material that contains at least one uniformly dispersed water-soluble drug; and(b) an outer layer comprised of a biocompatible material that surrounds the circumference of the said inner layer, is impermeable to water, and is capable of controlling the swelling of the inner layer; wherein the ratio of the axial length of the drug formulation to the cross-sectional diameter of the inner layer is one or more and wherein one or both ends of the inner layer are open so as to come into direct contact with the external environment.

Abstract: An improved propulsion unit for a watercraft embodying a reciprocating internal combustion engine having horizontally disposed cylinders so as to provide a compact assembly. The engine operates on the two-stroke principle and the exhaust manifold for the engine is disposed beneath the engine to achieve further silencing.