Abstract: A digital contents set includes encoded low-resolution digital contents obtained by encoding low-resolution digital contents by a first public key, and encoded high-resolution digital contents obtained by encoding high-resolution digital contents by a second public key.

Abstract: In driving force controlling apparatus and method for a four-wheel drive vehicle, a command is outputted to a front-and-rear wheel driving force distribution control system to reduce a clutch engagement force of a clutch such as a frictional clutch when a subtraction value of a detected value of a clutch transmission torque from that of a clutch input torque (Tinp−Tr) is smaller than a predetermined value (&dgr;) and detected wheel velocities of both of left and right road wheels of the vehicle are substantially equal to each other (Vw1±&agr;=Vw2 and Vw35 &agr;=Vw4).

Abstract: A color conversion apparatus has an input section for inputting page information having both image information including color data and character information including color data, a color conversion section for practicing mutually different color conversions for both the image information and the character information of the entered page information, and an output section for outputting page information, which has both image information after the color conversion and character information after the color conversion.

Abstract: A method of creating printing data, which enables a page editing operation and a layout operation to be carried out even if all the parts are not provided, and a system for performing the same. When there exists any unreceived part, an image for editing with a BlankEPS format 118 is created and the page editing operation is performed by using the image for editing with a BlankEPS format 118 as an alternative part for the unreceived part. A ProbeEPS 124 is created for every page as dummy page data, on which the image for editing 118 is still used, on the basis of the result of the page editing operation. A layout operation is performed by using the ProbeEPS 124 as an alternative part for each of the real page data to be output. When the unreceived part (an image to be output 114) is received, the image for editing with a BlankEPS format 118 is replaced with the received image to be output 114.

Abstract: A gradient conversion table is supplied with N-bit input image data and outputs M-bit image data, and a random-number generator outputs K-bit random-number data (M.gtoreq.K). An adder adds the K-bit random-number data to low-order K bits of the M-bit image data outputted from the gradient conversion table, and outputs high-order L bits {L>(M-K)} of the sum as output image data. Low-order bits of the output image data are dispersed to produce an image with any banding of low visibility.

Abstract: An air-to-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture in an engine is controlled via a fuel supply system. The fuel supply system operates in accordance with a signal representing a desired air-to-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture in the engine. When the fuel supply system operates normally, an actual air-to-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture can be essentially equal to the desired air-to-fuel ratio. An actual air-to-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture is detected. A malfunction of the fuel supply system is detected in accordance with the detected actual air-to-fuel ratio and the desired air-to-fuel ratio. In the case where the fuel supply system includes fuel injection valves and an air-to-fuel ratio sensor is disposed in an exhaust passage of the engine, a malfunction of at least one of the fuel injection valves may be detected in accordance with whether or not an output signal from the air-to-fuel ratio sensor changes periodically in synchronism with operation cycles of the engine or revolution of the engine.