Abstract: An image reading device capable of reading a projected image has a lens array for forming an image from the projected light. Upbeam of the lens array is disposed a diffusion member which diffuses the luminous flux of the projected light. Preferably, a Fresnel lens is disposed to receive the projected light, and the diffusion member is a lower surface of the Fresnel lens which has been subjected to a surface-roughening treatment.

Abstract: When directing a slit-like image information light to an imaging lens through a condensing lens, the refractive power of the condensing lens is made to differ between the lengthwise direction and the slit width direction of the slit light beam, whereby the light is effectively received without the read image being deteriorated. Also, when a convergent light transmitting member array is used as the imaging lens, the refractive power of the condensing lens is made to differ between the lengthwise direction of the array and a direction orthogonal to the lengthwise direction of the array, whereby the light is effectively received without the read image being deteriorated.

Abstract: This specification discloses a scanning illuminating device in a copying apparatus of the slit exposure type in which a movable slit area of an original is projected upon a movable photosensitive medium by a projection lens. The device is characterized in that light sources are fixed to the opposite end portions of the original surface with respect to the scanning direction, the magnification of the light source image becomes gradually greater at one end of the scanning direction and gradually smaller at the other end of the scanning direction, and imaging elements are moved in the scanning direction so that the illumination distribution on the original surface is formed so as to compensate for the loss of quantity of light of the projection lens due to the so-called cos biquadratic rule or the like to thereby enable copying of uniform density in the scanning direction.

Abstract: A scanning illuminator has a compact structure suitable for use in high speed copying machines and is adapted to reflect light beams from two light sources fixed adjacent to the opposite ends of an original supporting area to the surface of an original by means of rotary mirrors and translating mirrors for illuminating the original surface in a slit shape. The scanning illuminator has a flexibility in optical adjustment.

Abstract: A scanning illuminator suitable for use in high speed copying machines is adapted to compensate the distribution of loss in light quantity with respect to an imaging lens due to the so-called Cos.sup.4 law in the scanning direction and includes fixed sources of light. The scanning illuminator is characterized by illuminating systems disposed symmetrically relative to an original supporting area, each illuminating system being adapted for illuminating the opposite end areas of an original by a portion of light beam from the fixed source of light adjacent one end of the original, especially the light beam portion emitted and bled backward of the light source, the illuminating system having at least one rotating or translating scan mirror for scanning the illuminating light beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an eye fundus camera free from undesired reflected and diffused light beams. The camera uses a photographic optical system including an objective lens, a reflecting means, an aperture means, a photographic lens system for imaging the eye fundus to be inspected in sequence on a photographic plane and an illumination optical system including at least a light source, a relay lens and a ring-shaped aperture. The optical system leads the light beam from the light source to the eye to be inspected through the reflecting means and the objective lens, whereby the ring-shaped aperture is positioned in the illumination optical system in such a manner that the image of the ring-shaped aperture is formed near the iris in the eye to be inspected while the aperture is positioned in such a manner that the conjugate position of the aperture with reference to the objective lens is near the cornea to the eye to be inspected.