Abstract: Provided is an information processing device capable of easily determining the number of times of charge/discharge of each of a plurality of secondary battery packs, the information processing device including a charge/discharge execution unit (21, 22, 23) having the following configuration.

Abstract: Provided is an information processing device capable of easily determining the number of times of charge/discharge of each of a plurality of secondary battery packs, the information processing device including a charge/discharge execution unit (21, 22, 23) having the following configuration.

Abstract: Components of a survey contractor computer 1, a data server 2 under the management of the contractor computer 1, a respondent's personal digital assistant 3, and a survey client computer 4 are connected by wired, wireless, or infrared communications media, e.g., the Internet, or virtual private network. The personal digital assistant 3 is provided with a direction key 301 for cursor movement and data selection through key operation. A survey application 201 is storing survey question data 101, and reply option data 102 that is totally or partially associated with the direction key 301 of the personal digital assistant 3 on the direction basis. The survey application 201 is storing also a reply entry module 202 that determines the reply option selected by moving a cursor using the direction key 301 as the reply for the question. With such a structure, the survey can be conducted with the higher reply efficiency without imposing the burden on respondents both in timewise and moneywise.

Abstract: To provide a “multiple games/one-to-one” type and a “multiple games/one-to-many” type match-up type network games reducing communication costs and packet costs when transmitting game data, and further realizing matching with a desired match-up opponent.

Abstract: A network application system according to the present invention has a network server 1, a single communication device 2 with the wide-area communications function and local-area communications function, a plurality of communication devices 3 to 5 each with the local-area communications function, and a common application that is distributed to each of communication devices, and constructs a network environment where in the application operating on the single communication device, a module portion associated with the wide-area communications connects with the network server via a wide-area communications network, while a module portion associated with the local-area communications connects with the plurality of communication devices via a local-area communications network.