Abstract: A thermal treatment apparatus includes a treatment tank including a treatment chamber to perform thermal treatment on toner particles; a toner particle supply unit configured to supply toner particles into the treatment chamber; and a hot air supply unit including a supply port to supply hot air into the treatment chamber. The supply port of the hot air supply unit is disposed on a ceiling of the treatment chamber. The treatment tank further includes: a columnar member that is vertically disposed at the center inside of the treatment chamber; and a protruded member that is disposed at an upper end of the columnar member and has an approximately conical shape protruding toward the ceiling. The columnar member has a cylindrical shape and a radius of curvature RCP (mm) of an upper end edge in a vertical cross-section thereof is 5<RCP<75.

Abstract: One object of the present invention is to perform compartmental analysis of the dynamics of a tracer in the brain, and the present invention provides a compartmental analysis system including a measurement apparatus that measures the strength of an electromagnetic wave from a tracer and a compartmental analyzer that performs compartmental analysis of the dynamics of the tracer in the brain on the basis of the strength of the electromagnetic wave, wherein the compartmental analyzer includes a rate constant calculation unit that calculates a rate constant when the tracer moves between compartments on the basis of the strength of an electromagnetic wave in a first compartment corresponding to the cerebral blood vessel in the brain or an input function in the first compartment, the strength of an electromagnetic wave in a second compartment corresponding to the brain tissue in the brain, and the strength of an electromagnetic wave in a third compartment corresponding to the cerebral sulcus or cerebral ventricle i

Abstract: A transmitting/receiving antenna radiates a sweep frequency signal as an interrogation signal to an answer device. The answer device includes a plurality of resonators which are connected in parallel and have different resonance frequencies and answer antenna means connected in parallel with these resonators and transmits resonance answer signals including ringing answer signals corresponding to the resonators, in response to the interrogation signal. A phase adjusting means is provided which receives at the inputs the sweep frequency signal and the resonance answer signal and adjusts the phases of these signals to have the phase difference therebetween 0.degree. or 180.degree.. The output of the phase adjusting means is applied to a detector where the ringing answer signals are detected to form binary answer signals corresponding to the ringing answer signals, respectively. An object with the answer device fixed thereat is identified from these binary answer signals.